In Vitro Optimization of Main Elements of the Grapes Reproduction Process

New methods for adapting in-vitro grape plants to in vivo conditions were developed. The use of growth regulators (6-BAP, 2iP, kinetin) enhanced rhizogenesis and increased the in-vitro plant reproduction coefficient. Lignohumate had a positive effect on plants and increased the leaf area and plant height 30 days after adaptation (concentration of 1.0 g/l). The use of the developed elements of clonal micro-reproduction and adaptation made it possible to significantly increase the reproduction factor, improve the quality of planting material, reduce costs of plants and increase profitability

Garden Strawberry Plants: From Test-Tubes to Plantations

The article discusses the role of strawberry in providing people with vitamin products. It emphasizes the direct dependence of productivity of strawberry plants on the quality of the original planting material. A crucial role of clonal micro-propagation was justified. Features of the in vitro propagation stages were identified and new technical solutions for improving production efficiency were offered. The efficiency of auxin-containing paste for adaptation to the peat-based soil substrate was proved. The use of a 2 % Diazinon solution killed sciaride larvae damaging the roots. Development of an alternative method for adapting microplants to hydroponics made it possible to abandon the use of any substrate and ensure the viability of plants at the level of 95–100 %

New Agrotechnical Methods Development for Planting Material Production and Transplanting Young Grape Plants

The studies aim to evaluate the effect from agrotechnical methods on yield and quality of vegetative young plants that are used with new experimental facility. It provides for different modes in tops and roots zones of the same grafts, which dramatically increases the yield of circular-callus grafts. When using our facility at the end of stratification, when eyes of graft begin to sprout on shoots, they do not stretch out that provides nutrients preservation inside a plant, and grafts are not dried up. The experimental facility is used to grow young plants with a pre-vine trunk in a stratification chamber. A special polymeric-materials support was developed that allows to grow plants in its lower part, to plant them out in a permanent place, to place and hold the sleeves providing by it the yield increase trellis zone. The new method combines previously separated elements of vine-growing technology, starting from growing planting material to using fruit-bearing plantations into a single technological cycle in order to exclude a number of plant care activities, inter alia, protection plants from adverse weather factors, pests and diseases, and mechanical damage [20]

Effect of Climate Variability on Agro-climatic Potential of Landscapes of the Chechen Republic

The paper analyzes variability of the agro-climatic parameters of landscapes in the Chechen Republic, which are actively involved in agricultural production. The paper employs statistical and mathematical research methods. Due to climate aridization, agro-climatic conditions were found to deteriorate in 1965–2015 in the plain semi-desert and desert landscapes. Despite the improved thermal and moisture conditions in the plain steppe landscapes, the number of dangerous meteorological phenomena was observed to increase, including those detrimental to agriculture. Owing to the increased period of active vegetation of plants, agro-climatic conditions in the mountain-valley shrub-steppe landscapes of the republic improved compared to those observed in 1931–1960

Garden Strawberry Plants: From Test-Tubes to Plantations

The article discusses the role of strawberry in providing people with vitamin products. It emphasizes the direct dependence of productivity of strawberry plants on the quality of the original planting material. A crucial role of clonal micro-propagation was justified. Features of the in vitro propagation stages were identified and new technical solutions for improving production efficiency were offered. The efficiency of auxin-containing paste for adaptation to the peat-based soil substrate was proved. The use of a 2 % Diazinon solution killed sciaride larvae damaging the roots. Development of an alternative method for adapting microplants to hydroponics made it possible to abandon the use of any substrate and ensure the viability of plants at the level of 95–100 %

In Vitro Optimization of Main Elements of the Grapes Reproduction Process

New methods for adapting in-vitro grape plants to in vivo conditions were developed. The use of growth regulators (6-BAP, 2iP, kinetin) enhanced rhizogenesis and increased the in-vitro plant reproduction coefficient. Lignohumate had a positive effect on plants and increased the leaf area and plant height 30 days after adaptation (concentration of 1.0 g/l). The use of the developed elements of clonal micro-reproduction and adaptation made it possible to significantly increase the reproduction factor, improve the quality of planting material, reduce costs of plants and increase profitability

Solvation thermochemistry of aromatic hydrocarbons and their halogen derivatives in imidazolium-based ionic liquids

© 2019 Elsevier B.V. In this work solution enthalpies of aromatic compounds and their halogen derivatives in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [BMIM][BF4], 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide [BMIM][NTf2], 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate [BMIM][TfO] were measured by solution calorimetry method. The solvation enthalpies of aromatic compounds and their halogen derivatives in ionic liquids were calculated. Based on experimentally measured solvation enthalpies and calculated non-specific solvation enthalpy the contribution of the solvophobic effect on the solvation enthalpy of dissolved molecules in ionic liquids was demonstrated to be negligible. The correlation between solvation enthalpies of the aromatic compounds and their halogen derivatives in ionic liquids and solute molecules polarizability parameter was found. Also, a comparison of relationships between solvation enthalpy and molar refractions in ionic liquids and molecular solvents was made

New Agrotechnical Methods Development for Planting Material Production and Transplanting Young Grape Plants

The studies aim to evaluate the effect from agrotechnical methods on yield and quality of vegetative young plants that are used with new experimental facility. It provides for different modes in tops and roots zones of the same grafts, which dramatically increases the yield of circular-callus grafts. When using our facility at the end of stratification, when eyes of graft begin to sprout on shoots, they do not stretch out that provides nutrients preservation inside a plant, and grafts are not dried up. The experimental facility is used to grow young plants with a pre-vine trunk in a stratification chamber. A special polymeric-materials support was developed that allows to grow plants in its lower part, to plant them out in a permanent place, to place and hold the sleeves providing by it the yield increase trellis zone. The new method combines previously separated elements of vine-growing technology, starting from growing planting material to using fruit-bearing plantations into a single technological cycle in order to exclude a number of plant care activities, inter alia, protection plants from adverse weather factors, pests and diseases, and mechanical damage [20]

Solvation thermochemistry of aromatic hydrocarbons and their halogen derivatives in imidazolium-based ionic liquids

© 2019 Elsevier B.V. In this work solution enthalpies of aromatic compounds and their halogen derivatives in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [BMIM][BF4], 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide [BMIM][NTf2], 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate [BMIM][TfO] were measured by solution calorimetry method. The solvation enthalpies of aromatic compounds and their halogen derivatives in ionic liquids were calculated. Based on experimentally measured solvation enthalpies and calculated non-specific solvation enthalpy the contribution of the solvophobic effect on the solvation enthalpy of dissolved molecules in ionic liquids was demonstrated to be negligible. The correlation between solvation enthalpies of the aromatic compounds and their halogen derivatives in ionic liquids and solute molecules polarizability parameter was found. Also, a comparison of relationships between solvation enthalpy and molar refractions in ionic liquids and molecular solvents was made

Physical and Chemical Phenomena during the Production of Hydrogen in the Microwave Discharge Generated in Liquid Hydrocarbons with the Barbotage of Various Gases

The physical and chemical characteristics of the microwave discharge in petroleum solvent during hydrogen production processes involving Ar, He, and CO2 barbotage were studied. Gas chromatography, emission spectroscopy, high-speed photography, and shadow photography were used for diagnosis. The results demonstrated the dependence of hydrogen yield on the flow rates of Ar, He, and CO2. The maximum yield values of hydrogen were 791 mL/min and 811 mL/min, while the maximum energy efficiency reached 135.6 NL/kWh and 162.2 NL/kWh in Nefras with Ar and He barbotage, respectively. The dynamics of discharge structure and the rotational and vibrational temperatures of C2 molecules were studied