Business Development in Renewable Energy (Case Study: Independent Power Plant (IPP) of Marine Current Turbine PT T-Files Indonesia

— Indonesia is experience a surplus in generating capacity of up to 27TWh by 2014 and makes this country struggling to provide electricity for its currents needs that sometimes give delays in capacity development (including with Independent Power Producer (IPP) projects). There are around 20 million households, or 80 million people, who currently have no access to public electricity. This study intends to find out what renewable energy in Indonesia in accordance with the potential that exists with case studies ocean current turbine power plant owned by PT T-Files Indonesia. This plant uses Gorlov turbine with a permanent magnet generator. Specifically this study aims to determine the feasibility of ocean current turbine power plants can be private power plants that sell electricity to PT PLN (Persero) to meet the electricity demand in Indonesia. Calculation of the cost of electricity per kilowatt-hour sales done in the conventional way with the ABCD method is the removal of the component C fuel component. Eligibility is done by searching IRR, NPV and PP from the power plant. Thus obtained if the power plant is feasible or not. Feasibility of the calculation found that the power plant is feasible electricity sales. Plan implementation is done by making 1-year period and electricity sales contracts for 15 years. It can be concluded that the development of electricity generation from renewable energy is feasible for IRR, NPV and PP meet

Scanning SQUID-on-tip microscope in a top-loading cryogen-free dilution refrigerator

The scanning superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) fabricated on the tip of a sharp quartz pipette (SQUID-on-tip) has emerged as a versatile tool for nanoscale imaging of magnetic, thermal, and transport properties of microscopic devices of quantum materials. We present the design and performance of a scanning SQUID-on-tip microscope in a top-loading probe of a cryogen-free dilution refrigerator. The microscope is enclosed in a custom-made vacuum-tight cell mounted at the bottom of the probe and is suspended by springs to suppress vibrations caused by the pulse tube cryocooler. Two capillaries allow in-situ control of helium exchange gas pressure in the cell that is required for thermal imaging. A nanoscale heater is used to create local temperature gradients in the sample, which enables quantitative characterization of the relative vibrations between the tip and the sample. The spectrum of the vibrations shows distinct resonant peaks with maximal power density of about 27 nm/Hz$^{1/2}$ in the in-plane direction. The performance of the SQUID-on-tip microscope is demonstrated by magnetic imaging of the MnBi$_2$Te$_4$ magnetic topological insulator, magnetization and current distribution imaging in a SrRuO$_3$ ferromagnetic oxide thin film, and by thermal imaging of dissipation in graphene.Comment: Submitted to Review of Scientific Instrument

Biocomposite films based on κ-carrageenan/locust bean gum blends and clays : physical and antimicrobial properties

The aims of this work were to evaluate the physical and antimicrobial properties of biodegradable films composed of mixtures of κ-carrageenan (κ-car) and locust bean gum (LBG) when organically modified clay Cloisite 30B (C30B) was dispersed in the biopolymer matrix. Film-forming solutions were prepared by adding C30B (ranging from 0 to 16 wt.%) into the κ-car/LBG solution (40/60 wt.%) with 0.3 % (w/v) of glycerol. Barrier properties (water vapour permeability, P vapour; CO2 and O2 permeabilities), mechanical properties (tensile strength, TS, and elongation-at-break, EB) and thermal stability of the resulting films were determined and related with the incorporation of C30B. Also, X-ray diffraction (XRD) was done in order to investigate the effect of C30B in film structure. Antimicrobial effects of these films against Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica were also evaluated. The increase of clay concentration causes a decrease of P vapour (from 5.34 × 10−11 to 3.19 × 10−11 g (m s Pa)−1) and an increase of the CO2 permeability (from 2.26 × 10−14 to 2.91 × 10−14 g (m s Pa)−1) and did not changed significantly the O2 permeability for films with 0 and 16 wt.% C30B, respectively. Films with 16 wt.% clay exhibited the highest values of TS (33.82 MPa) and EB (29.82 %). XRD patterns of the films indicated that a degree of exfoliation is attained depending on clay concentration. κ-car/LBG–C30B films exhibited an inhibitory effect only against L. monocytogenes. κ-car/LBG–C30B composite films are a promising alternative to synthetic films in order to improve the shelf life and safety of food products.J. T. Martins, A. I. Bourbon, A. C. Pinheiro and M. A. Cerqueira gratefully acknowledge the Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal) for their fellowships (SFRH/BD/32566/2006, SFRH/BD/73178/2010, SFRH/BD/48120/2008 and SFRH/BPD/72753/2010, respectively), and B. W. S. Souza acknowledges the Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES, Brazil)

Structural and electronic properties of InN nanowire network grown by vapor-liquid-solid method

Growth of InN nanowires have been carried out on quartz substrates at different temperatures by vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) technique using different thicknesses of Au catalyst layer. It has been found that a narrow window of Au layer thickness and growth temperature leads to multi-nucleation, in which each site acts as the origin of several nanowires. In this multi-nucleation regime, several tens of micrometer long wires with diameter as small as 20 nm are found to grow along [11 (2) over bar0] direction (a-plane) to form a dense network. Structural and electronic properties of these wires are studied. As grown nanowires show degenerate n-type behavior. Furthermore, x-ray photoemission study reveals an accumulation of electrons on the surface of these nanowires. Interestingly, the wire network shows persistence of photoconductivity for several hours after switching off the photoexcitation. (C) 2015 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License

Large tunneling magnetoresistance in octahedral Fe3O4 nanoparticles

We have observed large tunneling Magnetoresistance (TMR) in amine functionalized octahedral nanoparticle assemblies. Amine monolayer on the surface of nanoparticles acts as an insulating barrier between the semimetal Fe3O4 nanoparticles and provides multiple tunnel junctions where inter-granular tunneling is plausible. The tunneling magnetoresistance recorded at room temperature is 38% which increases to 69% at 180 K. When the temperature drops below 150 K, coulomb staircase is observed in the current versus voltage characteristics as the charging energy exceeds the thermal energy. A similar study is also carried out with spherical nanoparticles. A 24% TMR is recorded at room temperature which increases to 41% at 180 K for spherical particles. Mossbauer spectra reveal better stoichiometry for octahedral particles which is attainable due to lesser surface disorder and strong amine coupling at the facets of octahedral Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Less stoichiometric defect in octahedral nanoparticles leads to a higher value of spin polarization and therefore larger TMR in octahedral nanoparticles. (C) 2016 Author(s)

Enhancement in multiferroic properties of Bi(0.7-x)La(x)Dy(0.3)FeO(3) system with removal of La

La doping at Bi Site in multiferroic BiFeO(3) (BFO) is known to stabilize the ferroelectric perovskite phase and reduce the leakage current. It has been observed that in Dy modified BFO sample, La is not required for the said reason. In fact, the removal of La from Dy modified BFO system leads to the reduction in leakage current. Moreover, the magnetic properties are enhanced by order of magnitude in the absence of La in the system. Remarkably, a similar trend in properties has been also observed in thin films grown on Pt/TiO(2)/SiO(2)/Si substrate by using the pulsed laser deposition technique. This significant variation in the properties after removal of La from the system could be attributed to the change in lattice parameters, bond lengths and Fe-O-Fe bond angle as determined by powder x-ray and neutron diffraction study. (c) 200