Bilgisayar Destekli Dil ÖğReniminden Mobil Destekli Dil ÖğRenimine: Teknolojinin İNgilizce ÖğRetimine Entegrasyonu

Bu çalışma İngilizce öğretiminin teknoloji ile bağdaştırılmasının farklı yönlerine ilişkin genel bir çerçeve çizmektedir. Çalışmada, CALL\u27 dan (Bilgisayar Destekli Dil Öğrenimi) başlayarak MALL (Mobil Destekli Dil Öğrenimi) ve ilgili unsurlar ekseninde, çeşitli yaygın teknolojik enstrümanlar, uygulama ve yaklaşımlar özetlenmektedir. Çalışma genel anlamıyla dil sınıflarını öğretmen merkezli ve kitap güdümlü olmaktan öğrenci merkezli ve daha etkileşimli bir ortama dönüştüren modern bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerinin İngilizce öğretimini nasıl şekillendirdiğini gözler önüne sermektedir. Bütün bu gelişmelere rağmen, İngilizceyi ikinci ya da yabancı dil olarak öğrenmek için teknolojinin tek başına yeterli olmadığı bu çalışmada ifade edilmiştir. Teknolojinin yabancı dil pedagojisine entegrasyonu, görece sağlam bir kuramsal çerçeveden yoksundur, ve bu konuda kuram ve uygulamanın uyumlu bir şekilde işlemesini sağlamak gerekmektedir. Çalışmanın sonucunda, yenilikçi bir biçimde bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerini uyarlamada ve eğitim durumlarına en uygun olan seçimleri yapmada asıl sorumluların pedagoglar olduğu ifade edilmiştir

Hepatic haemangioma: A Case Report and Review of Literature

No Abstract

N′-(Adamantan-2-yl­idene)thio­phene-2-carbohydrazide

In the title mol­ecule, C15H18N2OS, a small twist is noted, with the dihedral angle between the central carbohydrazone residue (r.m.s. deviation = 0.029 Å) and the thio­phene ring being 12.47 (10)°. The syn arrangement of the amide H and carbonyl O atoms allows for the formation of centrosymmetric dimers via N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. These are linked in the three-dimensional structure by C—H⋯π inter­actions. The thio­phene ring is disordered over two co-planar orientations, the major component having a site-occupancy factor of 0.833 (2)

2-{[5-(Adamantan-1-yl)-4-methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]sulfan­yl}-N,N-dimethyl­ethanamine

In the title compound, C17H28N4S, the 1,2,4-triazole ring is nearly planar [maximum deviation = 0.005 (2) Å]. There are no significant hydrogen bonds observed in the crystal structure. The crystal studied was a non-merohedral twin, the refined ratio of twin components being 0.281 (3):0.719 (3)

3-(Adamantan-1-yl)-4-ethyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5(4H)-thione

In the title compound, C14H21N3S, the 1,2,4-triazole ring is nearly planar, with a maximum deviation of 0.003 (4) Å. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked into inversion dimers by pairs of N—H⋯S hydrogen bonds

DESIGN, SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION OF SOME NEW SUBSTITUTED CHALCONES AND STUDIES THEIR ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES

Eight designed chalcones, named [1(p-benzenesulphonamidophenyl)-3-p-chloro-2-propene-1-one][2], [1(p-benzenesulphonamidophenyl)-3-p-nitro-2-propene-1-one][3], [1(4-Ureido)phenyl-3-p-chlorophenyl-2-propene-1-one][5], [1(4-Ureido)phenyl-3-p-nitroophenyl-2-propene-1-one][6], [1(4(p-N-methylaminophenyl)azophenyl-3-p-chlorophenyl-2-propene-1-one][8], [1(4(p-N-methylaminophenyl)azophenyl-3-p-nitroophenyl-2-propene-1-one][9], [1(p-aminophenyl)-3-p-chlorophenyl-2-propene-1-one][10] and [1(p-aminophenyl)-3-p-nitrophenyl-2-propene-1-one][11], were synthesised by condensation of synthesised p-acetylphenylbenzene- sulphonamide, p-acetylphenylurea and p-acetyl-p'-(N-methylamino)azobenzene, with p-chlorobenzaldehyde and p nitrobenzaldehyde in basic media respectively. All synthesised compounds are characterized by its melting points, FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and Mass spectral analysis. All synthesised compounds are examined their antimicrobial activities against Gram-Ve bactria (Serratia marcescens, Pseudmonas aeroginosa) and Gram+Ve bacterial (Stphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes), and Candida albicans fungi. Result showed good to moderate inhibition effect against some bacteria and fungi, in comparison with some pharmaceutical antibiotic and antifungal treatments like Cephalexin, Amoxicillin, Tetracycline, Lincomycine, Nystatine and Fluconazole respectively

Liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometric method for determination of drug content uniformity of two commonly used dermatology medications in a split-tablet dosage form

Purpose: To develop and validate a simple, efficient and reliable Liquid  chromatographic-mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) method for the quantitative determination of two dermatological drugs, Lamisil® (terbinafine) and Proscar® (finasteride), in split tablet dosage form.Methods: Thirty tablets each of the 2 studied medications were randomly selected. Tablets were weighed and divided into 3 groups. Ten tablets of each drug were kept intact, another group of 10 tablets were manually split into halves using a tablet cutter and weighed with an analytical balance; a third group were split into quarters and weighed. All intact and split tablets were individually dissolved in a water: methanol mixture (4:1), sonicated, filtered and further diluted with mobile phase. Optimal chromatographic separation and mass spectrometric detection were achieved using an Agilent 1200 HPLC system coupled with an Agilent 6410 triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. Analytes were eluted through an Agilent eclipse plus C8 analytical column (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) with a mobile phase composed of solvent A (water) containing 0.1% formic acid and 5mM ammonium formate pH 7.5, and solvent B (acetonitrile mixed with water in a ratio A:B 55:45) at a flow rate of 0.8 mL min-1 with a total run time of 12 min. Mass spectrometric detection was carried out using positive ionization mode with analyte quantitation monitored by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode.Results: The proposed analytical method proved to be specific, robust and  adequately sensitive. The results showed a good linear fit over the concentration range of 20 - 100 ng mL-1 for both analytes, with a correlation coefficient (r2) ≥ 0.999 and 0.998 for finasteride and terbinafine, respectively. Following tablet splitting, the drug content of the split tablets fell outside of the proxy USP  specification for at least 14 halves (70 %) and 34 quarters (85 %) of FIN, as well as 16 halves (80 %) and 37 quarters (92.5 %) of TBN. Mean weight loss, after splitting, was 0.58 and 2.22 % for FIN half- and quarter tablets, respectively, and 3.96 and 4.09 % for TBN half- and quarter tablets,respectively.Conclusion: The proposed LC-MS/MS method has successfully been used to provide precise drug content uniformity of split tablets of FIN and TBN. Unequal distribution of the drug on the split tablets is indicated by the high standard deviation beyond the accepted value. Hence, it is recommended not to split non-scored tablets  especially, for those medications with significant toxicityKeywords: Tablet splitting, Finasteride, Terbinafine, Drug content uniformity,  LC-MS/M

N′-[(2-n-Butyl-4-chloro-1H-imidazol-5-yl)­methyl­idene]adamantane-1-carbo­hydrazide sesquihydrate ethanol hemi­solvate

In the asymmetric unit of the title compound, C19H27ClN4O·0.5C2H6O·1.5H2O, there are two mol­ecules of the Schiff base, which has a rigid adamantyl cage at one end of the C(= O)NH–N=CH– chain and an almost planar [torsion angles = 1.3 (1) and 7.9 (2)° imidazolyl ring at the other end, three mol­ecules of water and one mol­ecule of ethanol. In both independent mol­ecules of the Schiff base, this chain displays an extended zigzag configuration. All their amino groups function as hydrogen-bond donors to water mol­ecules; these are linked to other acceptor atoms, generating a layer structure. O—H⋯O and O—H⋯N inter­actions involving the water mol­ecules also occur

3-[(N-Methyl­anilino)meth­yl]-5-(thio­phen-2-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2(3H)-thione

In the title compound, C14H13N3OS2, the thio­phene ring is disordered over two orientations by ca 180° about the C—C bond axis linking the ring to the rest of the mol­ecule, with a site-occupancy ratio of 0.651 (5):0.349 (5). The central 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2(3H)-thione ring forms dihedral angles of 9.2 (5), 4.6 (11) and 47.70 (7)° with the major and minor parts of the disordered thio­phene ring and the terminal phenyl ring, respectively. In the crystal, no significant inter­molecular hydrogen bonds are observed. The crystal packing is stabilized by π–π inter­actions [centroid–centroid distance = 3.589 (2) Å]