Optically pumped resonance magnetometer for determining vectoral components in a spatial coordinate system Patent

Design and development of optically pumped resonance magnetometer for determining vectoral components in spatial coordinate syste

Structure of cadmium sulfide nanoparticle micelle in aqueous solutions

The structure of cadmium sulfide (CdS) micelle in stable aqueous solution of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid was determined by dynamic light scattering, small-angle X-ray scattering and neutron scattering. The micelle aggregate is a single CdS nanoparticle with an average size of about 3 nm, the nanoparticle organic shell and the solvation shell are about 1 nm and 5 nm thick, respectively. These parameters were confirmed by the scanning semi-contact atomic force microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction studies of dry micelle cores isolated by high-speed centrifugation. The CdS micelle was correctly described by a simple double-shell model and was found to possess the structure corresponding to CdS quantum dots. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York

Evershed and counter-Evershed flows in sunspot MHD simulations

There have been a few reports in the literature of counter-Evershed flows observed in well developed sunspot penumbrae, i.e. flows directed towards the umbra along penumbral filaments. Here we investigate the driving forces of such counter-Evershed flows in a radiative magnetohydrodynamic simulation of a sunspot and compare them with the forces acting on the normal Evershed flow. The simulation covers a timespan of 100 solar hours and generates an Evershed outflow exceeding 8 km s$^{-1}$ in the penumbra along radially aligned filaments where the magnetic field is almost horizontal. Additionally, the simulation produces a fast counter-Evershed flow (i.e., an inflow near $\tau = 1$) in some regions within the penumbra, reaching peak flow speeds of $\sim$12 km s$^{-1}$. The counter-Evershed flows are transient and typically last a few hours before they turn into outflows again. By using the kinetic energy equation and evaluating its various terms in the simulation box, we found that the Evershed flow occurs due to overturning convection in a strongly inclined magnetic field while the counter-Evershed flows can be well described as siphon flows.Comment: Paper accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journa

Effect of cobalt powder morphology on the properties of WC-Co hard alloys

The effect of cobalt powder morphology on the microstructure of WC-Co hard alloys produced by sintering cobalt + tungsten carbide powder mixtures has been studied using X-ray diffraction, laser diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, density measurements, and Vickers microhardness tests. The results indicate that, under identical sintering conditions, the densest and most homogeneous microstructure is formed in hard alloys sintered using cobalt powders consisting of rounded particles. The use of cobalt powders with dendritic morphologies impedes the homogenization of Co + WC powder mixtures and preparation of pore-free WC-Co hard alloys. © 2013 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

Transport of toroidal magnetic field by the meridional flow at the base of the solar convection zone

In this paper we discuss the transport of toroidal magnetic field by a weak meridional flow at the base of the convection zone. We utilize the differential rotation and meridional flow model developed by Rempel and incorporate feedback of a purely toroidal magnetic field in two ways: directly through the Lorentz force (magnetic tension) and indirectly through quenching of the turbulent viscosity, which affects the parametrized turbulent angular momentum transport in the model. In the case of direct Lorentz force feedback we find that a meridional flow with an amplitude of around 2 m/s can transport a magnetic field with a strength of 20 to 30 kG. Quenching of turbulent viscosity leads to deflection of the meridional flow from the magnetized region and a significant reduction of the transport velocity if the magnetic field is above equipartition strength.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figure

On-off intermittency and amplitude-phase synchronization in Keplerian shear flows

We study the development of coherent structures in local simulations of the magnetorotational instability in accretion discs in regimes of on-off intermittency. In a previous paper [Chian et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 254102 (2010)], we have shown that the laminar and bursty states due to the on-off spatiotemporal intermittency in a one-dimensional model of nonlinear waves correspond, respectively, to nonattracting coherent structures with higher and lower degrees of amplitude-phase synchronization. In this paper we extend these results to a three-dimensional model of magnetized Keplerian shear flows. Keeping the kinetic Reynolds number and the magnetic Prandtl number fixed, we investigate two different intermittent regimes by varying the plasma beta parameter. The first regime is characterized by turbulent patterns interrupted by the recurrent emergence of a large-scale coherent structure known as two-channel flow, where the state of the system can be described by a single Fourier mode. The second regime is dominated by the turbulence with sporadic emergence of coherent structures with shapes that are reminiscent of a perturbed channel flow. By computing the Fourier power and phase spectral entropies in three-dimensions, we show that the large-scale coherent structures are characterized by a high degree of amplitude-phase synchronization.Comment: 17 pages, 10 figure

In situ study of the temperature stability of TiO1.05 titanium monooxide using synchrotron radiation

The temperature stability of cubic TiO1.05 titanium monooxide is investigated. An in situ X-ray structural analysis is performed using synchrotron radiation in a high temperature vacuum chamber. It is found that under poor vacuum and at high heating rates of up to 1250 C, the structural transformations in TiO1.05 occur at 630 C. In particular, there is a phase transition from TiO1.05 (space group Fm-3m) to rhombohedraic Ti2O3 (space group R-3c) via Ti2.5O3 (space group Immm). © 2013 Allerton Press, Inc

Electronic structure and stability of nonstoichiometric titanium monoxide TiOy with structural vacancies in one of the sublattices

The electronic structure of nonstoichiometric titanium monoxide TiOy with different compositions y, which contains structural vacancies either in the metallic sublattice or in the nonmetallic sublattice, has been investigated using the supercell method within the DFT-GGA approximation with pseudopotentials. The cases of ordered and disordered arrangements of vacancies have been considered. It has been found that the complete removal of vacancies from the sublattice is energetically unfavorable, and the ordering of oxygen vacancies according to the type of the Ti6O5□1 superstructure, as well as titanium vacancies according to the Ti5black small square1O6 type, does not lead to the stabilization of the B1 basic structure of titanium monoxide. © 2013 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

Existence, uniqueness and analyticity of space-periodic solutions to the regularised long-wave equation

We consider space-periodic evolutionary and travelling-wave solutions to the regularised long-wave equation (RLWE) with damping and forcing. We establish existence, uniqueness and smoothness of the evolutionary solutions for smooth initial conditions, and global in time spatial analyticity of such solutions for analytical initial conditions. The width of the analyticity strip decays at most polynomially. We prove existence of travelling-wave solutions and uniqueness of travelling waves of a sufficiently small norm. The importance of damping is demonstrated by showing that the problem of finding travelling-wave solutions to the undamped RLWE is not well-posed. Finally, we demonstrate the asymptotic convergence of the power series expansion of travelling waves for a weak forcing.Comment: 29 pp., 4 figures, 44 reference