Risk of hepatocellular carcinoma after viral clearance achieved by DAA treatment

The advent of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy has revolutionized hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment, enabling most HCV-infected patients to achieve a sustained viral response (SVR) easily and safely in a short period. On the other hand, it is gradually being recognized that a significant proportion of patients are still at risk of developing de novo and recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), even after HCV elimination, and therefore, elucidation of the risk of de novo and recurrent HCC, investigation of its molecular basis, and construction of accurate prediction models are emerging as new important clinical topics. In this review, we present recent advances regarding these issues

TCR Repertoire Analysis During Therapeutic Interventions in Liver Diseases Using Next-Generation Sequencing

Background and Aim The T cell receptor (TCR) can recognize a vast number of antigens and is closely associated with the pathogenesis of various diseases including autoimmune diseases and malignancies. However, the clinical significance of the TCR repertoire and its post-treatment changes remain unclear in liver diseases. Methods We performed next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based TCR analysis using DNA obtained from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of healthy donors (HD, n = 5), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC, n = 5), autoimmune hepatitis (AIH, n = 5), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, n = 5) and evaluated the changes after treatment. Results Baseline TCR repertoire analysis demonstrated that TCR clonotype usage is restricted and diversity is low in all three disease groups (PBC, AIH, and HCC), particularly in PBC and AIH compared to HD (p < 0.05). Following treatment, clonotype usage and diversity did not change significantly, except in AIH, where diversity decreased further (p < 0.05 for clone Shannon diversity and clone evenness). Disease-specific usage of TCR beta genes and specific changes after therapy were observed in all groups. Analysis of clonotypes shared with other individuals (public clonotypes) revealed that nine public clonotypes in PBC, eight in AIH, and eight in HCC disappeared after treatment. Motif analysis identified one characteristic motif (NQPQH) in PBC. Conclusions The diversity of the TCR repertoire, TCR beta chain usage, clonotypes, and motifs and their post-treatment changes are disease-specific in each liver disease, indicating that further TCR repertoire studies are needed to accelerate the understanding of liver disease pathogenesis from an immunological perspective

2018ネンド トショカン ゲンバ エンシュウ ホウコク / <アイチケン トショカン> / <イバラキ シリツ チュウオウ トショカン> / <ウジシ チュウオウ トショカン> / <オオサカ シリツ チュウオウ トショカン> / <オオサカ フリツ ダンジョ キョウドウ サンカク セイショウネン センター ジョウホウ ライブラリー> / <オオサカ フリツ チュウオウ トショカン> / <オオサカ フリツ ナカノシマ トショカン> / <オオツ シリツ トショカン> / <キョウタナベ シリツ チュウオウ トショカン> / <キョウトシ ウキョウ チュウオウ トショカン> / <キョウトシ ダイゴ チュウオウ トショカン> / <キョウトシ フシミ チュウオウ トショカン> / <キョウト フリツ キョウトガク レキサイカン> / <キョウト フリツ トショカン> / <クマモト シリツ トショカン> / <コウベシ チュウオウ トショカン> / <コクサイ ニホン ブンカ ケンキュウ センター トショカン> / <コクリツ コッカイ トショカン トウキョウ ホンカン> / <ジョウヨウ シリツ トショカン> / <セタガヤ クリツ チュウオウ トショカン> / <タカツキ シリツ チュウオウ トショカン> / <ドウシシャ コウトウ ガッコウ トショカン> / <ドウシシャ ジョシ ダイガク トショ ジョウホウガク センター> / <ドウシシャ ジョシ チュウガッコウ コウトウ ガッコウ トショ ジョウホウ センター> / <ドウシシャ ダイガク トショカン> / <トヨナカ シリツ オカマチ トショカン> / <ナラ ケンリツ トショ ジョウホウカン> / <ニシノミヤ シリツ チュウオウ トショカン> / <ヒロシマ シリツ チュウオウ トショカン> / <ヒラカタ シリツ チュウオウ トショカン> / <ヤス トショカン> / <ヤワタ シリツ ヤワタ シミン トショカン>

application/pdfdepartmental bulletin pape

指値注文市場における均衡ビッド・アスク・スプレッド

2006-09-30This article investigates the optimal order submission strategies and the expected bid-ask spread in the equilibrium of limit order markets. In submitting orders to limit order markets, traders can choose market orders or limit orders. If a market order is more advantageous than a limit order, a trader submits a market order, and vice versa. As a result, in an equilibrium, the bid-ask spread is formed by marginal traders for whom a limit order and a market order are indifferent. In our analysis, limit orders are assumed to expire one period after their submission to simplify the states of the limit order book. The model predicts that the bid-ask spread is narrower if incoming orders are more plentiful, if a larger number of traders are patient, and if the transaction fee of market orders is larger. The bid-ask spread is more volatile when there are fewer hours before the close of the market. In addition, the small tick size can make the bid-ask spread wide.departmental bulletin pape

Study protocol: Heavy lifting at work and risk of retinal detachment

<p>Cohort study to be conducted by use of Danish national register data.</p

Commentarii in Porphyrium Phoenicen de quinque communibus vocibus dialecticis : in quibus quaestiones ferè omnes tam à graecis quàm latinis ... continentur /

CCBE s. XVIMode of access: Internet.Apostillas marginales.Port. con esc. xil.Sign.: [adorno tipográfico]4, 2A4, A-Z4

Number of subjects above the established cut-offs by gender and clinical/electrophysiological score.

Number of subjects above the established cut-offs by gender and clinical/electrophysiological score.</p

Database used for the statistical analysis.

(XLS)</p

Characteristics of the study population by gender and clinical/electrophysiological score.

<p>Characteristics of the study population by gender and clinical/electrophysiological score.</p

Area under the receiver operating characteristic curves by gender and clinical/electrophysiological score.

<p>Area under the receiver operating characteristic curves by gender and clinical/electrophysiological score.</p