Recensioni

1. Benvenuti, S. (2022). In viaggio con i numeri. Dieci passeggiate per mateturisti curiosi. EDT. 2. D’Amore, B. (2021). Memorie di una vita: i personaggi, le storie, le idee. Pitagora. 3. Demartini, S., & Sbaragli, S. (2022). Parole, numeri, figure. Percorsi interdisciplinari tra scuola dell’infanzia e primaria. Carocci editore. 4. Di Martino, P., & Zan, R. (2019). Problemi al centro. Matematica senza paura. Giunti Scuola. 5. Navarra, G. (2022). Aritmetica e Algebra. Un percorso intrecciato dai 5 ai 14 anni. Ruoli dell’insegnante nella costruzione di una classe pensante. UTET

Role of the endocannabinoid system in diabetes and diabetic complications

Increasing evidence suggests that an overactive endocannabinoid system (ECS) may contribute to the development of diabetes by promoting energy intake and storage, impairing both glucose and lipid metabolism, by exerting pro‐apoptotic effects in pancreatic beta cells and by facilitating inflammation in pancreatic islets. Furthermore, hyperglycaemia associated with diabetes has also been implicated in triggering perturbations of the ECS amplifying the pathological processes mentioned above, eventually culminating in a vicious circle. Compelling evidence from preclinical studies indicates that the ECS also influences diabetes‐induced oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis and subsequent tissue injury in target organs for diabetic complications. In this review, we provide an update on the contribution of the ECS to the pathogenesis of diabetes and diabetic microvascular (retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy) and cardiovascular complications. The therapeutic potential of targeting the ECS is also discussed. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on Endocannabinoids. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v173.7/issueto

Assessing Neighborhood Satisfaction as a Livability Indicator in a Historic Quarter: Esfanjan Neighborhood, Semnan, Iran

Background: Satisfaction with neighborhood environment in historic quarters is a major indicator of livability and urban quality of life in these quarters, yet little research has been conducted on neighborhood satisfaction in historic contexts of Iranian cities. This descriptive-analytical study aimed to evaluate the level of the neighborhood (outdoor living spaces) satisfaction and determinants contribute to it in Esfanjan historic neighborhood, Semnan city, Iran. Methods: Determinants of neighborhood satisfaction were collected through a comprehensive literature review, organized in a questionnaire form, and distributed among 215 residents of the neighborhood using the convenience sampling method. The Likert scale was used to express satisfaction levels and the Pearson correlation test in SPSS software was used to measure the level of satisfaction and the relationship between influenced factors and neighborhood satisfaction. Results: The results show that the level of neighborhood satisfaction in the Esfanjan quarter is low and there is a meaningful relationship between all determinant categories and satisfaction. The most significant relationship is related to physical-spatial, functional-structural, socio-cultural, and individual-contextual factors respectively. Among functional-structural factors, maintenance; among physical-spatial factors, quality of access routes; among socio-cultural factors, social interaction and participation; and among individual-contextual factors length of habitation have the strongest correlation with neighborhood satisfaction. Conclusions: This study reveals the importance of good design as the chief factor that influences neighborhood satisfaction in this historic quarter. It also suggests some measures and strategies achieve a more livable urban environment in Esfanjan historic quarter based on neighborhood satisfaction. Key words: Livability; Urban Quality of Life; Neighborhood Satisfaction Determinants; Urban Redevelopment; Historic Quarters; Esfanjan Neighborhoo

Assessing Neighborhood Satisfaction as a Livability Indicator in a Historic Quarter: Esfanjan Neighborhood, Semnan, Iran

Background: Satisfaction with neighborhood environment in historic quarters is a major indicator of livability and urban quality of life in these quarters, yet little research has been conducted on neighborhood satisfaction in historic contexts of Iranian cities. This descriptive-analytical study aimed to evaluate the level of the neighborhood (outdoor living spaces) satisfaction and determinants contribute to it in Esfanjan historic neighborhood, Semnan city, Iran. Methods: Determinants of neighborhood satisfaction were collected through a comprehensive literature review, organized in a questionnaire form, and distributed among 215 residents of the neighborhood using the convenience sampling method. The Likert scale was used to express satisfaction levels and the Pearson correlation test in SPSS software was used to measure the level of satisfaction and the relationship between influenced factors and neighborhood satisfaction. Results: The results show that the level of neighborhood satisfaction in the Esfanjan quarter is low and there is a meaningful relationship between all determinant categories and satisfaction. The most significant relationship is related to physical-spatial, functional-structural, socio-cultural, and individual-contextual factors respectively. Among functional-structural factors, maintenance; among physical-spatial factors, quality of access routes; among socio-cultural factors, social interaction and participation; and among individual-contextual factors length of habitation have the strongest correlation with neighborhood satisfaction. Conclusions: This study reveals the importance of good design as the chief factor that influences neighborhood satisfaction in this historic quarter. It also suggests some measures and strategies achieve a more livable urban environment in Esfanjan historic quarter based on neighborhood satisfaction. Key words: Livability; Urban Quality of Life; Neighborhood Satisfaction Determinants; Urban Redevelopment; Historic Quarters; Esfanjan Neighborhoo

Guitar Ensembles

Utah State University\u27s guitar ensembles perform at the Caine Performance Hall.https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/music_programs/1139/thumbnail.jp

SARS-CoV-2 introductions and early dynamics of the epidemic in Portugal

© The Author(s) 2022.BACKGROUND: Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in Portugal was rapidly implemented by the National Institute of Health in the early stages of the COVID-19 epidemic, in collaboration with more than 50 laboratories distributed nationwide. METHODS: By applying recent phylodynamic models that allow integration of individual-based travel history, we reconstructed and characterized the spatio-temporal dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 introductions and early dissemination in Portugal. RESULTS: We detected at least 277 independent SARS-CoV-2 introductions, mostly from European countries (namely the United Kingdom, Spain, France, Italy, and Switzerland), which were consistent with the countries with the highest connectivity with Portugal. Although most introductions were estimated to have occurred during early March 2020, it is likely that SARS-CoV-2 was silently circulating in Portugal throughout February, before the first cases were confirmed. CONCLUSIONS: Here we conclude that the earlier implementation of measures could have minimized the number of introductions and subsequent virus expansion in Portugal. This study lays the foundation for genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Portugal, and highlights the need for systematic and geographically-representative genomic surveillance.publishersversionpublishe

Resumos...

A natureza proporciona ao homem uma infinidade de plantas com valores medicinais. A flora brasileira é uma rica fonte de ervas que podem auxiliar no tratamento e prevenção de vários males. Se os ancestrais contavam apenas com o conhecimento empírico, hoje, se encontram à disposição pesquisas científicas que comprovam as propriedades medicinais de várias plantas, atestando, em alguns casos, sua eficiência. Prospectar a biodiversidade para o desenvolvimento de produtos diferenciados e com alto valor agregado para exploração de novos segmentos de mercado (alimentares, aromáticos, essências, fármacos, biocidas, fitoterápicos e cosméticos) é um dos objetivos estratégicos que se referem a atividades-fim da Embrapa Pantanal, presentes no IV Plano Diretor da Embrapa Pantanal 2008-2011-2023. O presente documento congrega 10 resumos das palestras apresentadas no II Curso de Plantas Medicinais, Aromáticas, Condimentares e Aromáticas de Corumbá, MS.bitstream/item/27478/1/DOC109.pdfOrganizado por Aurélio Vinicius Borsato, Viviane de Oliveira Solano, Marçal Amici Jorge, Ana Paula Artimonte Vaz

Vasoconstrictor and Pressor Effects of Des-Aspartate-Angiotensin I in Rat.

© 2023 The Authors. This document is made available under the CC-BY-NC 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc /4.0/ This document is the Accepted version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Biomedicines. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10061230This study investigated the vasoactive effects of des-aspartate-angiotensin-I (DAA-I) in male Wistar rats on whole body vascular bed, isolated perfused kidneys, and aortic rings. Dose– response curves to DAA-I were compared with those to angiotensin II (Ang II). The Ang II-type-1 (AT1) receptor blocker, losartan, was used to evaluate the role of AT1 receptors in the responses to DAA-I. Studies were also conducted of the responsiveness in aortic rings after endotheliumremoval, nitric oxide synthase inhibition, or AT2 receptor blockade. DAA-I induced a dose-related systemic pressor response that was shifted to the right compared with Ang II. Losartan markedly attenuated the responsiveness to DAA-I. DAA-I showed a similar pattern in renal vasculature and aortic rings. In aortic rings, removal of endothelium and nitric oxide inhibition increased the sensitivity and maximal response to DAA-I and Ang II. AT2 receptor blockade did not significantly affect the responsiveness to DAA-I. According to these findings, DAA-I increases the systemic blood pressure and vascular tone in conductance and resistance vessels via AT1 receptor activation. This vasoconstrictor effect of DAA-I participates in the homeostatic control of arterial pressure, which can also contribute to the pathogenesis of hypertension. DAA-I may therefore be a potential therapeutic target in cardiovascular disease

Dragut through the Spanish Historiography

Bibliografía: p. 24-2

the EUROBACT-2 international cohort study

Funding JdW is a senior clinical investigator funded by the Research Foundation Flan ders (FWO, Ref. 1881020N). ACM is supported by a Medical Research Council Clinician Scientist Fellowship (MR/ V006118/1). NB received a fellowship grant (Grant number: P4P4PM_194449) from the Swiss National Science Founda tion. Research grants were obtained from the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM), the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) study Group for Infections in Critically Ill Patients (ESGCIP), the Norva Dahlia foundation and the Redclife Hospital Private Practice Trust Fund.PURPOSE: In the critically ill, hospital-acquired bloodstream infections (HA-BSI) are associated with significant mortality. Granular data are required for optimizing management, and developing guidelines and clinical trials. METHODS: We carried out a prospective international cohort study of adult patients (≥ 18 years of age) with HA-BSI treated in intensive care units (ICUs) between June 2019 and February 2021. RESULTS: 2600 patients from 333 ICUs in 52 countries were included. 78% HA-BSI were ICU-acquired. Median Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score was 8 [IQR 5; 11] at HA-BSI diagnosis. Most frequent sources of infection included pneumonia (26.7%) and intravascular catheters (26.4%). Most frequent pathogens were Gram-negative bacteria (59.0%), predominantly Klebsiella spp. (27.9%), Acinetobacter spp. (20.3%), Escherichia coli (15.8%), and Pseudomonas spp. (14.3%). Carbapenem resistance was present in 37.8%, 84.6%, 7.4%, and 33.2%, respectively. Difficult-to-treat resistance (DTR) was present in 23.5% and pan-drug resistance in 1.5%. Antimicrobial therapy was deemed adequate within 24 h for 51.5%. Antimicrobial resistance was associated with longer delays to adequate antimicrobial therapy. Source control was needed in 52.5% but not achieved in 18.2%. Mortality was 37.1%, and only 16.1% had been discharged alive from hospital by day-28. CONCLUSIONS: HA-BSI was frequently caused by Gram-negative, carbapenem-resistant and DTR pathogens. Antimicrobial resistance led to delays in adequate antimicrobial therapy. Mortality was high, and at day-28 only a minority of the patients were discharged alive from the hospital. Prevention of antimicrobial resistance and focusing on adequate antimicrobial therapy and source control are important to optimize patient management and outcomes.publishersversionpublishe