Study of Industrial Relations: Labor Union, Work Agreement and Bipartit

The demonstration on May 1 was a sign of industrial relations problems. Therefore, all involved parties (Company, Labor Union, Bipartit and Governance) must enforce the rules of employment agreements as stipulated in the labor law. Explicitly, this study aims to describe and analyze the extent industrial relation has been built. The research approach uses qualitative methods, in this case the law study. The results of the study confirm: 1) The law as a legally has clearly regulated employment. 2) The company has not been optimal in carrying out the mandate of the law. 3) The function of the employee union has not been optimal as an employee representative. 4) Government functions are not yet rea

The Impact of Development Policy on Supply and Demand Soybean in Indonesia

This research discusses of developing soybeans on supply and demand in Indonesia. To answer these objectives, the goal of econometrics is to use system model of equations with estimation using the 2SLS method. The results show that amount of national soybean demand is strongly influenced by soybean prices at the wholesalers, population and per capita income. The amount of soybean demand is very responsive to changes in population. While the number of bids is influenced by soybean production, imports, and supplies. Policy simulation results 10 percent increase in soybean prices at the farmer  will have an impact on increasing soybean production by around 9.58%. This increase caused by increasing in harvested area of ​​7.71%. Eliminating urea subsidies by 60% will have an impact on declining soybean productivity by 42.79%, then decreasing agricultural land of oybean which is 38.62% and productivity of 5.02%. &nbsp

De Facto Judicial Independence and Physical Integrity Rights

Economists, political scientists, and legal scholars have argued that independent judiciaries have an important role to play in promoting economic development and protecting property rights. We argue that judicial independence can also have a positive impact on the protection of human rights. To assess the human rights impact of a de facto independent judiciary, we also argue that scholars must account for the potential of endogeneity between judicial independence and protection of human rights. We examine whether greater de facto independence improves government respect for citizens’ physical integrity rights, using a comprehensive dataset of 193 countries from 1981 to 2010. Employing an instrumental variables approach to control for endogeneity, we find strong support for the argument that greater levels of de facto judicial independence improve government respect for physical integrity rights. These findings are robust to changes in measurement, estimation techniques, and model specification. Failing to account for endogeneity will tend to overemphasize the ability of completely independent courts to improve government respect for physical integrity rights

Versatile stochastic dot product circuits based on nonvolatile memories for high performance neurocomputing and neurooptimization.

The key operation in stochastic neural networks, which have become the state-of-the-art approach for solving problems in machine learning, information theory, and statistics, is a stochastic dot-product. While there have been many demonstrations of dot-product circuits and, separately, of stochastic neurons, the efficient hardware implementation combining both functionalities is still missing. Here we report compact, fast, energy-efficient, and scalable stochastic dot-product circuits based on either passively integrated metal-oxide memristors or embedded floating-gate memories. The circuit's high performance is due to mixed-signal implementation, while the efficient stochastic operation is achieved by utilizing circuit's noise, intrinsic and/or extrinsic to the memory cell array. The dynamic scaling of weights, enabled by analog memory devices, allows for efficient realization of different annealing approaches to improve functionality. The proposed approach is experimentally verified for two representative applications, namely by implementing neural network for solving a four-node graph-partitioning problem, and a Boltzmann machine with 10-input and 8-hidden neurons

The adaptive problem of absent third-party punishment

Language is a uniquely human behaviour, which has presented unique adaptive problems. Prominent among these is the transmission of information that may affect an individual’s reputation. The possibility of punishment of those with a low reputation by absent third parties has created a selective pressure on human beings that is not shared by any other species. This has led to the evolution of unique cognitive structures that are capable of handling such a novel adaptive challenge. One of these, we argue, is the propositional theory of mind, which enables individuals to model, and potentially manipulate, their own reputation in the minds of other group members, by representing the beliefs that others have about the first party’s intentions and actions. Support for our theoretical model is provided by an observational study on tattling in two preschools, and an experimental study of giving under threat of gossip in a dictator game

A comparative study between visual, near infrared and infrared images for the detection of veins for intravenous cannulation

The process of identification and locating of veins plays an important role to reduce health care cost and suffering of patients during intravenous cannulation. This paper compares between three technologies to assess their suitability and capability for the detection of veins. Three types of cameras are used in this study, a visual camera, an infrared camera and a near infrared camera. The collected data has then been subjected to analysis and comparison using different image processing techniques, namely grayscale, invert grayscale, histogram equalisation, edge detection (difference of Gaussians) and unsharp mask enhancement to improve the visualisation of veins. In this study, the near infrared images supported by suitable LED illumination has been found to be the most effective technology and the most cost effective for the visualisation of veins

Elm Farm Organic Research Centre Bulletin 83 April 2006

Regular bulleting with technical updates from Organic Advisory Service Issue contains: Testing for Tolerance - a pragmatic view GM Debate Vaccination nation - to jab or not to jab Future shape of OCIS Evolutionary wheat makes the grade? NIAB tracks health of organic cereal seed Stopping erosion of soil quality - the organic way Care needed to halt butterfly collapse Aspects of poultry behaviour: How free range is free range? On choosing an organic wheat A local education challenge New Wakelyns Science Building Organic vegetable market growt

Localization of N-acyl phosphatidylethanolamine phospholipase D (NAPE-PLD) expression in mouse brain: A new perspective on N-acylethanolamines as Neural Signaling Molecules

The definitive version is available at www3.interscience.wiley.co