Parallel implementation of an optimal two level additive Schwarz preconditioner for the 3-D finite element solution of elliptic partial differential equations

This paper presents a description of the extension and parallel implementation of a new two level additive Schwarz (AS) preconditioner for the solution of 3-D elliptic partial differential equations (PDEs). This preconditioner, introduced in Bank et al. (SIAM J. Sci. Comput. 2002; 23: 1818), is based upon the use of a novel form of overlap between the subdomains which makes use of a hierarchy of meshes: with just a single layer of overlapping elements at each level of the hierarchy. The generalization considered here is based upon the restricted AS approach reported in (SIAM J. Sci. Comput. 1999; 21: 792) and the parallel implementation is an extension of work in two dimensions (Concurrency Comput. Practice Experience 2001; 13: 327)

Cambodia’s New Technical and Vocational Education and Training Policy

Key Points: Cambodia’s demographic divident offers great opportunities, but its human resource base remains largely low-skilled. It will be critical for Cambodia not only to improve education and technical and vocational training for young people entering the labor market, but also to upgrade the skills of the existing workforce. Technical and vocational education and training (TVET) is indispensable to socioeconomic development as it produces the skilled workers and technicians an evolving and modernizing labor market needs. The National TVET Policy will guide the government’s skills development strategies and coordinate all parties involved. The policy presents a clear vision, goals, objectives, and strategies to develop human resources with the competencies and skills that promote socioeconomic development today and in the future

Bank

Import 26/06/2013Zadáním bakalářské práce je zhotovení architektonické technické části dokumentace pro provádění stavby dle vyhlášky č. 499/2006 Sb. pro část objektu Banky v Ostravě Přívoze. Podklady pro zpracování bakalářské práce tvořil projekt urbanistické studie z Ateliérové tvorby III., studie stavby (architektonický návrh) z Ateliérové tvorby IV. a dokumentaci ke stavebnímu povolení pro část stavby Banky z Ateliérové tvorby Va. Objekt se nachází v nově navrhovaném centru Přívozu, které bylo navrženo v urbanistické studii semestrálního projektu v rámci Ateliérové tvorby III. Objekt je součástí nově navrhovaného centra Přívozu, které bylo vytvořeno v rámci urbanistické studie v předmětu Ateliérová tvorba III. Místo má díky návrhu velký potenciál a budova banky doplňuje funkční spektrum vedle pobočky Úřadu práce, parkovacího domu a umělecké školy. GÖTZELOVÁ,R.: Banka, Přívoz, Ostrava:Bakalářská práce. Ostrava: VŠB – Technická univerzita Ostrava, Fakulta stavební, Katedra architektury, 2013, 49 s.The subject of my undergraduate thesis is the architectural and technical aspect of the construction documents, which were prepared in accordance with Reg. 499/2006 Sb. for a portion of a bank facility to be located in Ostrava Přívoz. The following background information was used for the preparation of my thesis: Urban study from Studio Art III; construction study (architectural proposal) from Studio Art IV; and building permit documents for a portion of a bank facility from Studio Art Va. The project is located in a newly proposed central area of Přívoz, which was designed as part of an urban study within the framework of a semester project of the Studio Art III. The project is part of a newly proposed central area of Přívoz, which was designed within the framework of an urban study as part of an academic course offered by the Studio Art III. Because of the proposal, the project location has great potential and the bank facility will supplement multi-functional complex, together with existing buildings of the Employment Development Department, parking structure and the School of Arts. Götzelová, R.: Bank, Přívoz, Ostrava: Bachelor thesis. Ostrava: VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Department of Architecture, 2013, 49 p.Prezenční226 - Katedra architekturydobř

Gender Equality Results Case Study - India: Urban Water Supply and Environmental Improvement Project

Development Aims and Impacts. The Urban Water Supply and Environmental Improvement Project sought to provide basic services of water supply, sanitation, and garbage collection and disposal in four cities in Madhya Pradesh, India. Impacts include increased access to sustainable water supply and enhanced sanitation infrastructure in these four cities. Over 5.6 million people benefited from improved water supply, while half a million people benefited from an improved wastewater management system and 4.7 million people benefited from an improved solid waste management system. These changes positively impacted the lives of the local community, in particular women and girls, who are primarily responsible for water management. The active participation of women was encouraged and supported, and over 70% of the members of the community group committees (CGCs) were women. The CGCs were responsible for coordinating and overseeing the initiatives concerning water supply and sanitation, and they continue to operate even after the completion of the project, liaising with local government officials. Women built on skills developed during the social mobilization initiatives and other project activities to ensure improved income generation, with many of them continuing to be active leaders at the community level. ADB Processes and Management Tools. The project design included a gender action plan. A gender manual was developed to guide the integration of gender in the project. Special measures were taken to ensure women’s participation in community-driven planning and decision making. Targets for participation of women in community-based organizations or CGCs were closely monitored, and variations were followed up by both the nongovernment organizations—responsible for organizing, mobilizing, and capacity building of CGCs—and the project staff. The project also partnered with other organizations with capacities related to gender equality that helped in the initial gender analysis of the water and sanitation sector

Reducing Youth Not in Employment, Education, or Training through JobStart Philippines

Key Points One in four young Filipinos are not in employment, education, or training. One in two young women with high school education or less are not in employment, education, or training. Creating wage jobs for the youth is critical to help reduce poverty and income inequality in the Philippines. Active labor market programs encourage employment creation and employability of workers, increase their earning capacity, and enhance integration into the productive workforce. In 2011, the Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE) of the Philippines collaborated with the Asian Development Bank (ADB) to design and develop JobStart Philippines, a pilot project assisting at-risk youth to become job-ready. JobStart Philippines is an employer-led program and offers at-risk youth life skills training, one-on-one career coaching, and opportunities for technical training and internships with private sector employers. Upon successful completion of the pilot, DOLE converted JobStart Philippines into a regular program and Congress enacted the Act to Institutionalize JobStart Philippines Program in 2016, which guarantees program sustainability

Gender Equality Results Case Study - Nepal: Community-Based Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project

Development Aims and Impacts. The Community-Based Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project aimed at expanding the coverage of improved water supply and sanitation facilities to poor and remote areas, and improving health and hygiene practices related to waterborne and sanitation- related diseases. Key project results were (i) water supply services provided to 90,397 households, covering 716,542 people; (ii) water supply coverage increased from 72% (2002) to 89% (2010) with marked decrease in the time spent by women and girls in transporting water; (iii) latrines constructed in 44,768 households, of which 8,909 were in ultrapoor households and 354 were school latrines—contributed to the safety of women and girls; (iv) sanitation coverage among the rural population increased from 20% (2002) to 33.5% (2010); and (v) a total of 690 water users’ committees were formed with 52% of women members—Dalits and ethnic minorities— represented almost proportionately to their percentage in the general population. The participation of women in decision making in water users’ committees contributed to the sustainability of the water systems and changed the status of women in communities. ADB Processes and Management Tools. A specific project component addressed gender and social inclusion objectives. Also, gender, caste, and ethnicity considerations were incorporated into all other project components, and corresponding strategy was developed. This strategy was based on earlier evaluations and policy dialogues with local authorities that noted the need for specific measures to address gender and other inequalities. Gender and social development specialists were included in the project team—at both central and regional levels. These specialists also participated in the monitoring and evaluation team, strengthening attention to gender, caste, and ethnicity issues. Specific participation targets were set at the outset. Sex- and caste-disaggregated data were collected, analyzed, and included in the project performance management system

Paving the Road to Better Income Options: Case Study on Promoting Women’s Livelihood and Employment Opportunities in Viet Nam

[Excerpt] Infrastructure projects and road networks have he potential to catalyze socioeconomic change. hey yield economic prospects for neighboring communities, enhance higher-value agricultural and industrial investment, and improve access to markets as well as health and social services. Unfortunately, such projects also entail risks. Residents are often excluded from the benefits either because they lack awareness of the opportunities or they lack the skills that could make them direct beneficiaries. Additionally, as is frequently observed, residents can become vulnerable to unforeseen risks, such as human trafficking and the spread of HIV, which can result from the increased physical connectivity. Bearing in mind both the rewards and risks of large-scale infrastructure projects, the 16-month project “Promoting Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment— Strengthening Capacity of Women Along the Central Mekong Delta Connectivity Project Phase II” was designed to prepare local communities for both income opportunities and potential adverse impacts with the forthcoming road construction in Dong Thap Province, in southern Viet Nam. With a total budget of $400,000, the project began in June 2012 targeting women, both those who are married and younger single women who might out-migrate for employment. The project set out to improve income-generating opportunities for women, promote gender equality, and enhance awareness of the risks related to human trafficking and HIV in eight communes located in two districts (Cao Lanh and Thap Muoi). Specifically, women from low-income households were targeted with vocational skills training and access to credit and employment placements. Simultaneously, the project emphasized building up institutional capacities for improving livelihood opportunities for women that would endure beyond the project

Gender Mainstreaming Case Study - India: Chhattisgarh Irrigation Development Project

Project Goals and Results • The Chhattisgarh Irrigation Development Project (CIDP) aimed to increase agricultural productivity, improve rural livelihoods, and reduce poverty by improving irrigation delivery, enhancing agricultural practices, and strengthening water resource management. • The CIDP supported the rehabilitation and upgrading of irrigation systems that serve more than 150,000 households; strengthened government capacity to assist water users’ associations (WUAs); and trained 1,250 out of 1,324 WUAs in Chhattisgarh based on the Participatory Irrigation Management (PIM) Act, a legislation that mandated the roles and responsibilities of WUAs, including the membership of women in irrigation management. It also trained 191 WUAs on how to improve agricultural techniques and how to be more effective in general. It offered opportunities for collective actions by communities, such as joint purchase of seeds, fertilizers, and pesticides, and joint marketing of produce. Overall, participants reported improved crop yields and higher household incomes. • Building on the new PIM Act, the CIDP strengthened women’s participation in WUAs. A widespread education campaign raised awareness on the importance of women’s participation in decision making and encouraged women to become active in these associations. In the 2007 WUA elections, women were elected in one-third of available positions. Processes and Management Tools • The PIM Act was passed through the CIDP. With this new law, the CIDP promoted PIM, especially women’s participation. The project predated the requirement for a Gender Action Plan and gender targets and indicators in the Design and Monitoring Framework (DMF) outputs. Gender-related strategies and targets were indicated in the Summary Poverty Reduction and Social Strategy. • All irrigation upgrading and rehabilitation activities included contractual obligations to offer “equal pay for equal work” to men and women. • Technical assistance supported activities to promote women’s participation in irrigation management and their election to WUA committees