17 research outputs found

    (A) clinical and histopathological study of the skin tumors among Koreans

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    μ˜ν•™κ³Ό/석사[ν•œκΈ€] ν”ΌλΆ€λŠ” νƒœμƒν•™μ μœΌλ‘œ μ™Έλ°°μ—½μ„±κ³Ό 쀑배엽성 μ„±λΆ„μ˜ μƒν˜Έμž‘μš©μœΌλ‘œ λ°œμƒλ˜λ©°, λ°œμƒκ³Όμ •μ— 따라 κ·Έ ꡬ쑰가 λ³΅μž‘ν•˜λ©° μ‹ μ²΄λΆ€μœ„μ— 따라 μ‘°μ§ν•™μ μœΌλ‘œ μ„œλ‘œ λ‹€λ₯΄λ―€λ‘œ ν”ΌλΆ€μ—μ„œ λ°œμƒν•˜λŠ” 쒅양듀은 λ‹€λ₯Έ κΈ°κ΄€μ—μ„œ λ°œμƒν•˜λŠ” 쒅양에 λΉ„ν•΄ κ·Έ μ’…λ₯˜κ°€ 맀우 λ‹€μ–‘ν•˜λ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ 피뢀쒅양을 μ‘°μ§ν•™μ μœΌλ‘œ μ •ν™•ν•˜κ²Œ μ§„λ‹¨ν•˜μ—¬ κ·Έ μ‘°μ§λ°œμƒμ  근거에 따라 λΆ„λ₯˜ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μš©μ΄ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ€ κ²½μš°κ°€ λ§Žλ‹€. 졜근 피뢀쒅양에 λŒ€ν•œ 연ꡬ가 ν™œλ°œν•˜κ²Œ μ§„ν–‰λ˜μ–΄ κ΄„λͺ©ν•  λ§Œν•œ 진전이 μžˆμ—ˆμœΌλ‚˜ μš°λ¦¬λ‚˜λΌμ—λŠ” 피뢀쒅양에 λŒ€ν•˜μ—¬ κ·Έ μž„μƒμ  및 병리 쑰직학적 νŠΉμ΄μ„±μ„ μ΄κ΄„μ μœΌλ‘œ νŒŒμ•…ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 기초 μžλ£Œκ°€ λΆ€μ‘±ν•œ 싀정이닀. 이에 μ €μžλŠ” 1971λ…„ 1μ›”λΆ€ν„° 1980λ…„ 12μ›”κΉŒμ§€ 10λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ μ—°μ„Έ μ˜λ£Œμ› 병리학 κ΅μ‹€μ—μ„œ ν™•μ§„λœ ν”ΌλΆ€μ’…μ–‘ 1905예λ₯Ό λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ Lever 및 Lever (1975), Andradeλ“± (1976), Pinkus 및 Mehregan (1981), WHO의 λΆ„λ₯˜λ²• (Seldamλ“±, 1974)을 기초둜 μž¬λΆ„λ₯˜λ₯Ό μ‹œλ„ν•œ ν›„ μœ‘μ•ˆ 및 ν˜„λ―Έκ²½μ  검사에 μ˜ν•˜μ—¬ 쑰직학적 검색을 ν•˜κ³  μž„μƒκΈ°λ‘μ‘°μ‚¬κ°€ κ°€λŠ₯ν–ˆλ˜ μ˜ˆμ—μ„œλŠ” ν™˜μžμ˜ μ—°λ Ή, 성별, λ°œμƒλΆ€μœ„λ“±μ˜ μž„μƒμ†Œκ²¬κ³Ό λΉ„κ΅ν•˜μ˜€λ˜ λ°” κ·Έ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό μš”μ•½ν•˜λ©΄ λ‹€μŒκ³Ό κ°™λ‹€. 1. ν”ΌλΆ€μ’…μ–‘ 총 1905예 쀑, ν”ΌλΆ€ μœ μ’…μ–‘μ΄ 172예 (9.0%), μ–‘μ„± 쒅양이 1369예 (71.9%), 전ꡬ암이 59예 (3.1%), 악성쒅양이 305예 (16.0%) μ˜€λ‹€. 2. λŒ€μ²΄μ μœΌλ‘œ μ–‘μ„± μ’…μ–‘κ³Ό μœ μ’…μ–‘μ€ μ—¬μžμ—μ„œ, μ•…μ„± 쒅양은 λ‚¨μžμ— λ§Žμ•˜μœΌλ©° μ „κ΅¬μ•”μ˜ μ„±λ©Έ λ°œμƒλΉ„μœ¨μ€ λΉ„μŠ·ν–ˆλ‹€. 3. μ—°λ Ή 뢄포상 μœ μ’…μ–‘μ€ 10λŒ€μ™€ 20λŒ€μ—μ„œ, μ–‘μ„± 쒅양은 20λŒ€μ—μ„œ 40λŒ€μ— κ±Έμ³μ„œ, 전ꡬ암은 40λŒ€μ—μ„œ 60λŒ€μ— κ±Έμ³μ„œ, 그리고 μ•…μ„± 쒅양은 50λŒ€μ™€ 60λŒ€μ—μ„œ 50%이상 λΆ„ν¬ν–ˆλ‹€. 4. μœ μ’…μ–‘μ—μ„œλŠ” λΉ„ν›„μ„± 반혼과 해쑱증 (μΌ€λ‘œμ΄λ“œ, keloid)의 λΉˆλ„κ°€ κ°€μž₯ λ§Žμ•˜κ³  μ„¬μœ  상피쒅(fibroepithelioma, soft fibroma, cutaneous tag), 지선 λͺ¨λ°˜ (nevus sebaceous)의 μˆœμ„œμ˜€μœΌλ©° μ–‘μ„± μ’…μ–‘μ—μ„œλŠ” ν‘œν”Ό 낭쒅이 κ°€μž₯ λ§Žμ•˜κ³  λͺ¨λ°˜ (λͺ¨λ°˜ 세포 λͺ¨λ°˜, nevocel lular nevus), ν˜ˆκ΄€μ’…, μ§€λ°©μ’…μ˜ μˆœμ„œμ˜€κ³ , μ „κ΅¬μ•”μ—μ„œλŠ” ν™œμ„±κ°ν™”μ¦ (κ΄‘ 각화증, actinic keratosis), Bowen씨 병, Queyrat씨 ν™μƒ‰λΉ„ν›„μ¦μ˜ μˆœμ„œμ˜€μœΌλ©° μ•…μ„± μ’…μ–‘μ—μ„œλŠ” νŽΈν‰μƒν”Όμ„Έν¬μ•”, 전이암, μ•…μ„± ν‘μƒ‰μ’…μ˜ μˆœμ„œμ˜€λ‹€. 5. μ–‘μ„± 쒅양은 λŒ€λ‹€μˆ˜κ°€ 두경뢀와 체간에, μ•…μ„± 쒅양은 ν•˜μ§€μ— λΉˆλ°œν–ˆλ‹€. A Clinical and Histopathological Study of the Skin Tumors among Koreans Won Hee Choi, M.d. Department of Medical Science The Graduate School Yonsei University (Directed by Prof. Yoo Bock Lee, M.D) The skin is, contrary to the ubiquitous concept, remarkably heterogenous organ. The tumors (hamartomas, reactive and neoplastic) that occur In the skin are more numberous than those produced by any other organ. Moreover, being visible, accessible and commons, cutaneous tumors and tumorous lesions have attracted the attension of dermatologist and pathologist since early times, and this accounts for much confusion in terminology and classification. A variety of schemes has been proposed, but there is no uniformity between different countries, but even within a single country and between dermatologist, pathologist and surgeon. Recent progress in this field, brought about by the use of histochemical and electron microscopic methods, has either confirmed or denied many of the previous concepts about the origin. Lever and Lever (1975) , Andrade et al(1976), Pinkus and Mehregan (198L), Ackerman at aL(1981) and WHO (Seldamet al,1974) etc. have made valuable contribution to the understanding of the skin tumors and tumorous lesions. However, there is no comprehensive report on tumors and tumorous lesions of the skin among Koreans based on clinical and histopathological aspects. The present study is to evaluate types, frequencies, location, age and sex distribution of the skin tumors and tumorous lesions among Koreans. The materials used in this study consisted of 1905 cases of skin tumors and tumorous lesions. The histopathological study was made by microscopic examination fellowing gross inspection. For all cases of tumors and tumorous lesions of the skin, whose clinical records were available were analysed. The analysis of 1905 cases of skin tumors and tumorous lesion disclosed following results; 1. Among 1905 cases, 172 cased (9.0%) were tumorous lesions, 1369 cases (71.9%) benign tumors, 59 cases (3.1%) precancerous lesions, and 305 cases (16.0%) malignant tumors. 2. The sex distribution of benign tumors and tumorous lesions showed slight female preponderance (1:1.4 respectively), but that of the malignant tumors was about 2 times more. common in male than female and that of the precancerous lesions was about equal (1:1). 3. The peak age for tumorous lesions was distributed from 2nd to 3rd decade, for benign tumors 3rd to 5th, for precancerous lesions 5th to 7th, and for malignant tumors 6th and 7th decade. 4. Among the 172 cases of tumorous lesions, hypertrophic scar and keloid were the most common, followed by soft fibroma (cutaneous tag), nevus sebaceous, and linear epidermal nervus. Among the 1369 cases of benign tumors, epidermal cyst was the most common, followed by nevus, hemangioma and lipoma. Among the 59 cases of precancerous lesions, actinic keratosis was the most common, fellowed by Bowen's disease, erythroplasia of Queyrat and leukoplakia. Among the 305 cases of malignant tumors, epidermoid carcinoma was the most common, followed by metastatic tumors and malignant melanoma. 5. In regard to the location of the lesions, the most predilection site was head and neck in which 932 cases (48.9%) were observed followed by trunk and extremities. The most common tumors and tumorous lesions located on the head and neck, and trunk was epidermal cyst, on the extremities was hemangioma, and on the external genitalia was epidermoid carcinoma. The predilections for the benign tumors were head and neck, and trunks, whil those of the malignant tumors were lower extremity and trunk. But this specific predilection sites differed according to the types of the lesion. [영문] The skin is, contrary to the ubiquitous concept, remarkably heterogenous organ. The tumors (hamartomas, reactive and neoplastic) that occur In the skin are more numberous than those produced by any other organ. Moreover, being visible, accessible and commons, cutaneous tumors and tumorous lesions have attracted the attension of dermatologist and pathologist since early times, and this accounts for much confusion in terminology and classification. A variety of schemes has been proposed, but there is no uniformity between different countries, but even within a single country and between dermatologist, pathologist and surgeon. Recent progress in this field, brought about by the use of histochemical and electron microscopic methods, has either confirmed or denied many of the previous concepts about the origin. Lever and Lever (1975) , Andrade et al(1976), Pinkus and Mehregan (198L), Ackerman at aL(1981) and WHO (Seldamet al,1974) etc. have made valuable contribution to the understanding of the skin tumors and tumorous lesions. However, there is no comprehensive report on tumors and tumorous lesions of the skin among Koreans based on clinical and histopathological aspects. The present study is to evaluate types, frequencies, location, age and sex distribution of the skin tumors and tumorous lesions among Koreans. The materials used in this study consisted of 1905 cases of skin tumors and tumorous lesions. The histopathological study was made by microscopic examination fellowing gross inspection. For all cases of tumors and tumorous lesions of the skin, whose clinical records were available were analysed. The analysis of 1905 cases of skin tumors and tumorous lesion disclosed following results; 1. Among 1905 cases, 172 cased (9.0%) were tumorous lesions, 1369 cases (71.9%) benign tumors, 59 cases (3.1%) precancerous lesions, and 305 cases (16.0%) malignant tumors. 2. The sex distribution of benign tumors and tumorous lesions showed slight female preponderance (1:1.4 respectively), but that of the malignant tumors was about 2 times more. common in male than female and that of the precancerous lesions was about equal (1:1). 3. The peak age for tumorous lesions was distributed from 2nd to 3rd decade, for benign tumors 3rd to 5th, for precancerous lesions 5th to 7th, and for malignant tumors 6th and 7th decade. 4. Among the 172 cases of tumorous lesions, hypertrophic scar and keloid were the most common, followed by soft fibroma (cutaneous tag), nevus sebaceous, and linear epidermal nervus. Among the 1369 cases of benign tumors, epidermal cyst was the most common, followed by nevus, hemangioma and lipoma. Among the 59 cases of precancerous lesions, actinic keratosis was the most common, fellowed by Bowen's disease, erythroplasia of Queyrat and leukoplakia. Among the 305 cases of malignant tumors, epidermoid carcinoma was the most common, followed by metastatic tumors and malignant melanoma. 5. In regard to the location of the lesions, the most predilection site was head and neck in which 932 cases (48.9%) were observed followed by trunk and extremities. The most common tumors and tumorous lesions located on the head and neck, and trunk was epidermal cyst, on the extremities was hemangioma, and on the external genitalia was epidermoid carcinoma. The predilections for the benign tumors were head and neck, and trunks, whil those of the malignant tumors were lower extremity and trunk. But this specific predilection sites differed according to the types of the lesion.prohibitio

    Experimental Study on IgA Nephropathy in Mice

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    μ˜ν•™κ³Ό/박사[ν•œκΈ€] IgA신병증(nephropathy)은 λ©΄μ—­λ³‘λ¦¬ν•™μ μœΌλ‘œ 신사ꡬ체 λ§₯관막 κΈ°μ§ˆλ‚΄μ— 주둜 IgA의 침착을 νŠΉμ§•μœΌλ‘œ ν•˜λŠ” μ§ˆλ³‘μœΌλ‘œ, κ·Έ λ°œμƒλΉˆλ„κ°€ λ‚˜λΌλ§ˆλ‹€ λ‹€μ–‘ν•˜λ‚˜ μš°λ¦¬λ‚˜λΌμ™€ 지리적 문화적 여건이 μœ μ‚¬ν•œ μΌλ³Έμ—μ„œλŠ” 성인에 λ°œμƒν•˜λŠ” 1차적 사ꡬ체 μ‹ μ—Όμ˜ μ•½ 40%λ₯Ό μ°¨μ§€ν•˜λ©°, μš°λ¦¬λ‚˜λΌμ—μ„œλ„ 비ꡐ적 λ§Žμ€ 증둀가 보고되고 μžˆλ‹€. λ§₯관막 κΈ°μ§ˆλ‚΄ IgA침착은 타 μ§ˆλ³‘μ—μ„œλ„ κ΄€μ°°λ³΄κ³ λ˜μ–΄ IgAμ‹ λ³‘μ¦μ˜ 본체에 λŒ€ν•œ 이둠이 μ œκΈ°λ˜μ–΄ μ™”μœΌλ©° κ·Έ 원인과 기전에 λŒ€ν•˜μ—¬λ„ 이둠이 λ§Žμ€ 싀정이닀. λ˜ν•œ IgAμ‹ λ³‘μ¦μ˜ μœ λ°œμ— λŒ€ν•œ λ™λ¬Όμ‹€ν—˜μ΄ 맀우 λ“œλ¬΄λ‚˜, 졜근 경ꡬ λ©΄μ—­λ°©λ²•μœΌλ‘œ IgA신병증을 μœ λ°œμ‹œμΌ°λ‹€λŠ” 보고가 μžˆμ–΄ λ§Žμ€ 관심을 λͺ¨μœΌκ³  μžˆλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 아직 μƒμ„Έν•œ μ›μΈμ΄λ‚˜ λ°œλ³‘κΈ°μ „ 뿐 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ ν˜•νƒœν•™μ  변화에 λŒ€ν•œ 연ꡬ도 λ―Έν‘ν•œ 싀정이닀. 이에 λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μžλŠ” 20gλ‚΄μ™Έμ˜ μžμ„± ddYλ§ˆμš°μŠ€μ— 단백항원인 bovine gamma globulin(BGG), μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ 생 및 λΉ„ν™œμ„±ν™” 백신을 경ꡬ 및 비경ꡬ νˆ¬μ—¬ν•˜μ—¬ IgAμ‹ λ³‘μ¦μ˜ μœ λ°œμ„ μ‹œλ„ν•˜κ³ , νˆ¬μ—¬λ°©λ²•μ— λ”°λ₯Έ μ‹€ν—˜μ  IgAμ‹ λ³‘μ¦μ˜ 기전을 κ²€ν† ν•˜κ³ μ €, 단백항원 νˆ¬μ—¬ν›„ μ‹€ν—˜ 제40 , 70, 100일에 μ‹€ν—˜λ™λ¬Όμ„ λ„μ‚΄ν•˜μ—¬ ν˜ˆλ‡¨μ™€ 단백뇨 및 혈청 IgA양을 μΈ‘μ •ν•˜μ˜€κ³ , μ‹ μž₯, μ†Œμž₯ 및 폐μž₯을 κ΄‘ν•™, λ©΄μ—­ν˜•κ΄‘ν˜„λ―Έκ²½ 및 μ „μžν˜„λ―Έκ²½μ μœΌλ‘œ κ΄€μ°°ν•˜μ—¬ λ‹€μŒκ³Ό 같은 κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό μ–»μ—ˆλ‹€. 1. μ‹€ν—˜κ΅°μ—μ„œλŠ” ν˜ˆλ‡¨, 단백뇨, 혈청 IgA치의 증가λ₯Ό λ³Ό 수 μžˆμ—ˆκ³ , μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μ¦κ°€λŠ” BGGνˆ¬μ—¬κ΅°λ³΄λ‹€ μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ λ°±μ‹  νˆ¬μ—¬κ΅°μ—μ„œ 더 μ² μ €ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 2. μ‹€ν—˜κ΅°μ—μ„œλŠ” 신사ꡬ체 λ§₯관막 κΈ°μ§ˆμ— 주둜 IgA의 μΉ¨μ°©κ³Ό μ†ŒλŸ‰μ˜ IgM및 IgG의 침착이 κ΄€μ°°λ˜μ—ˆμœΌλ©°, IgA침착은 μ‹€ν—˜κΈ°κ°„μ΄ 길수둝 μ¦κ°€ν•˜λŠ” κ²½ν–₯을 λ³΄μ˜€κ³ , BGGνˆ¬μ—¬κ΅°μ— λΉ„ν•΄ μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ λ°±μ‹  νˆ¬μ—¬κ΅°μ—μ„œ 쒀더 λšœλ ·ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μ‹ μ‚¬κ΅¬μ²΄μ˜ μ „μžν˜„λ―Έκ²½μ  검사상 각 μ‹€ν—˜κ΅°μ—μ„œ λ§₯관막 기질의 ν™•μž₯κ³Ό λ§₯관막 μ„Έν¬μ˜ 증식 및 λ§₯관막내 electron dense deposit이 κ΄€μ°°λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€. 3. μ†Œμž₯ 및 폐μž₯의 μ λ§‰ν•˜ IgAν•¨μœ μ„Έν¬μ˜ μˆ˜λ„ μ •μƒλŒ€μ‘°κ΅°μ— λΉ„ν•΄ λͺ¨λ“  μ‹€ν—˜κ΅°μ—μ„œ μ¦κ°€λ˜μ—ˆκ³ , 특히 μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ λ°±μ‹  νˆ¬μ—¬κ΅°(생 λ°±μ‹  및 λΉ„ν™œμ„±ν™” λ°±μ‹ )μ—μ„œλŠ” 경ꡬ 및 비경ꡬ νˆ¬μ—¬κ΅° λͺ¨λ‘μ—μ„œ μ‹€ν—˜κΈ°κ°„μ΄ 길수둝 μ¦κ°€λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€. μ΄μƒμ˜ μ†Œκ²¬μ„ μ’…ν•©ν•˜λ©΄ BGG, μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ λ°±μ‹ (생 λ°±μ‹  및 λΉ„ν™œμ„±ν™” λ°±μ‹ )λ“± 이쒅 단백항원을 λ§ˆμš°μŠ€μ— 경ꡬ 및 λΉ„κ²½κ΅¬λ‘œ νˆ¬μ—¬ν•˜μ—¬, λ©΄μ—­μ‹œν‚€λ―€λ‘œμ„œ μ‚¬λžŒμ—μ„œμ™€ μœ μ‚¬ν•œ IgA신병증이 μœ λ°œλ˜μ—ˆμœΌλ©°, 특히 BGGνˆ¬μ—¬λ³΄λ‹€λŠ” μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ 백신을 νˆ¬μ—¬ν•˜μ˜€μ„ λ•Œ 더 ν˜„μ €ν•œ IgA신병증을 μœ λ°œμ‹œν‚¬ 수 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. [영문] IgA nephropathy, initially described by Berger and Hinglais is now recognized as a common form of nephritis in many countries. It is characterized by granular mesangial deposits of immunoglobulins, predominantly IgA. Deposits of IgG, IgM, and C3 are found less often and in smaller quantities than those of IgA. Clinically, most patients have microscopic or macroscopic recurrent hematuria and proteinuria, but as 30% of the patients are asymptomatic, it is usually discovered during a routine physical examination. Despite a high incidence of IgA nephropathy in certain areas(Japan, France), of the world the pathogenesis of this disease and the contribution of IgA to the renal pathology are net well defined. Recently glomerular deposits of IgA have been shown to be associated with variety of glomerular diseases such as lupus nephritis, Henoch-Schonlein purpura, immune complex type of glomerulonephritis in cirrhosis of liver, and eden in dermatitis herpetiformis, ankylosing spondylitis, mycosis fungoides, and small cell carcinoma of the lung. However, the mucosal versus systemic origin of the mesangial IgA remains controversial. The existence of sporadic familial cases, together with the presence of immunologic abnormalities in patients' relatives favors immunogenetic aspects of this entity. But due to the complexity of these pathogenetic factors, a rational therapeutic approach is not easy to define. Experimentally induced IgA nephropathy is rare(Rifai et at, 1979), and furthermore IgA nephropathy nduced by mucosal immunization is extremely rare(Emanicipator et al, 1983). Therefore the present experiment is undertaken to induce mesangial IgA deposit nephropathy via oral and parentheral immunization, and to investigate the morphological changes of the nephropathy by light, immunofluorescent, and electron microscpic observations. Material and Methods Female ddY mice weighing around 20g were used for the experiment, and were divided into four groups as follows: Group 1 : Normal diet 6 mice Group 2 : Bovine gamma globulin 15 mice Group 3 : Poliomyelitis vaccine(live) 15 mice Group 4 : Poliomyelitis vaccine(inactivated) 15 mice The Bovine gamma globulin(BGG) was prepared according to Emancipator et al, 1983. The poliomyelitis vaccine(live) was administered in order to induce mucosal immunization, and the inactivated vaccine for systemic immunization. Urine protein was measured in fresh urine, using reagent strips. Blood was collected via a cardiac puncture, and the serum was separated and frozen till needed. Serum IgA level were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Fer light microscopical observation, the kidney, small intestine, and lung/bronchus were fixed in 10% neutral formalin. The kidney was examined using H&E, PAS, Trichrome stains, and the ethers by H&E stain. Fer immunofluorescent microscopic examination, fresh tissues from the kidney, small intestine, and lung/bronchus were processed using routine immunofluorescent antibody technique with Meloy's FITC-conjugated anti-mouse IgG, IgA, ant IgM. Result and Summary By oral administration using BGG and poliomyelitis live vaccine, and also by parentheral administration using poliomyelitis inactivated vaccine, the following results were obtained. 1. Hematuria, proteinuria and serum IgA levels were increased in all experimental groups, and were greater in the poliomyelitis vaccine administered groups than in the BGG group. 2. The mesangial deposits were predominantly IgA, but IgM and IgG were also found in minimal degrees. The mesangial IgA deposits increased with time, and were greater in poliomyelitis vaccine administered groups than in the BGG group. Electron microscopic examination revealed mesangial widening, cellular proliferation, and electron dense deposits in the mesangium. 3. The number of the IgA-containing cells in the small intestine and lung/bronchus increased also with time and were more increased in the poliomyelitis vaccine groups, particularly in the inactivated vaccine group. In summary, mesangial IgA nephropathy was characteristically induced in mice with inert protein antigens using BGG and poliomyelitis live vaccine, and also by parentheral immunization using poliomyelitis inactivated vaccine. These findings suggest that oral immunization of BGG and poliomyelitis live vaccine, and also parentheral immunization of poliomyelitis inactivated vaccine can induce mesangial IgA nephropathy simulating IgA nephropathy in human.restrictio

    νŒ”κ³΅μ‚° ν™”κ°•μ•”μ˜ 성인과 ν¬νšμ•”μ— λŒ€ν•œ 연ꡬ

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    Thesis(doctoral)--μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› :κ³Όν•™κ΅μœ‘κ³Ό 지ꡬ과학전곡, 2005.Docto

    6μ„Έλ―Έλ§Œ μ†Œμ•„μ˜ κ±΄κ°•λ³΄ν—˜ μž…μ› λ³ΈμΈλΆ€λ‹΄κΈˆ λ©΄μ œμ— λ”°λ₯Έ 의료이용 λ³€ν™”

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