16 research outputs found

    Effects of Numerical Flux, Limiter and Grid Density on the Aerodynamic Analysis of 3-Dimensional Transonic Flight Vehicle

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    ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‚ ๊ฐœ์™€ ๋™์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋œ ์ฒœ์Œ์† ๋น„ํ–‰์ฒด ์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ ์œ ๋™์„ ์ „์‚ฐ์œ ์ฒด์—ญํ•™(CFD)์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆ˜์น˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด์„ํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒœ์Œ์†์œผ๋กœ ๋น„ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„ํ–‰์ฒด์˜ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์—๋Š” ์ถฉ๊ฒฉํŒŒ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ์ถฉ๊ฒฉํŒŒ๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ๋™์„ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์น˜๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ , ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ์ˆ˜์น˜๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์˜ ์ •ํ™•๋„๋ฅผ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋‹ค์ฐจ์› ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ์ œํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•(MLP) ๋“ฑ์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ •๋ฐ€ํ•œ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ ์žํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ•ด์„๋œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€ ์‹คํ—˜์น˜๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ํ•ด์„์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ์ฝ”๋“œ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๊ณ , ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•๋“ค์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•ด์„ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ฐ ๊ฒฉ์ž ๋ฐ€๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํ•ด์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋“ค์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด ๋ด„์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ฐ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ฒฉ์ž ๋ฐ€๋„๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๋„๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ•ด์„๋œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋น„ํ–‰์ฒด ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ์œ ๋™์˜ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ , ํŠนํžˆ ๋™์ฒด์™€ ๋‚ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋ถ€๋‚˜ ๋น„ํ–‰์ฒด ํ›„๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์œ ๋™์„ ์ค‘์ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค.This research deals with a numerical study on the flow around the transonic wing-body model by using Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD). Because the shock may occur under the transonic flow, numerical schemes that can solve the flow with shock robustly are applied, and the Multi-dimensional Limiting Process(MLP) is also applied to enhance the accuracy of the numerical schemes used. The computational results are compared with the experimental data in order to validate the CFD code used in this research. The effect of each numerical scheme on the computational results is dealt with by comparing the numerical schemes used in this research. Grid refinement test is also conducted to show the effect of grid density on the results. The flow physics around the model is analysed through the results, especially at the wing-body junction and the base of the body.OAIID:RECH_ACHV_DSTSH_NO:420150000004648014RECH_ACHV_FG:RR00200003ADJUST_YN:EMP_ID:A001138CITE_RATE:FILENAME:์ˆ˜์น˜ํ”Œ๋Ÿญ์Šค__์ œํ•œ์ž_๋ฐ_๊ฒฉ์ž๋ฐ€๋„๊ฐ€_3์ฐจ์›_๋น„ํ–‰์ฒด_๊ณต๋ ฅํ•ด์„์—_๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š”_์˜ํ–ฅ.pdfDEPT_NM:๊ธฐ๊ณ„ํ•ญ๊ณต๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€EMAIL:[email protected]_YN:FILEURL:https://srnd.snu.ac.kr/eXrepEIR/fws/file/b8226825-20c0-4482-a714-ca409bb00b52/linkCONFIRM:

    ์•„๋‚ด์˜ ๊ทผ๋กœ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๋‚จํŽธ์˜ ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ์ผ ๋ถ„๋‹ด์ด ๋‘˜์งธ ์•„์ด ์ถœ์‚ฐ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ณต์ง€ํ•™๊ณผ, 2014. 2. ์•ˆ์ƒํ›ˆ.๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ์ง๋ฉดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ๊ฐ€์ •๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ(work-family conflict)์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ์ถœ์‚ฐ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ, ์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ฐ€์กฑํŒจ๋„์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์•„๋‚ด์˜ ๊ทผ๋กœ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๋‚จํŽธ์˜ ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ์ผ(์œก์•„๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ) ๋ถ„๋‹ด๋น„์œจ์ด ๋‘˜์งธ ์•„์ด ์ถœ์‚ฐ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ 2007๋…„ 9์›”๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œํ–‰๋œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ฐ€์กฑํŒจ๋„ 1์ฐจ๋…„๋„ ์กฐ์‚ฌ ๋‹น์‹œ ํ•œ ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” 543๊ฐœ ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ, 1์ฐจ๋…„๋„์— ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋œ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋“ค์ด 2008๋…„ 6์›”๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2009๋…„ 5์›”๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ๋‘˜์งธ ์•„์ด ์ถœ์‚ฐ ์—ฌ๋ถ€์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ดํ•ญ ๋กœ์ง€์Šคํ‹ฑ ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์ธ๊ณผ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ 2008๋…„ 5์›” ์ด์ „์— ๋‘˜์งธ ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ์ถœ์‚ฐํ•œ ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋ถ„์„๋Œ€์ƒ์—์„œ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ฐ€์กฑํŒจ๋„ 2~3์ฐจ๋…„๋„ ์กฐ์‚ฌ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์ถœ์‚ฐ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ์•„๋‚ด์˜ ๊ทผ๋กœ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ๋‘˜์งธ ์•„์ด ์ถœ์‚ฐ์— ๋ถ€์  ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๊ทผ๋กœํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๊ทผ๋กœ์˜์‚ฌ๋„ ์—†๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ์— ๋น„ํ•ด์„œ ์ฃผ๋‹น 40์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ดˆ๊ณผ ๊ทผ๋กœํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ทผ๋กœํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทผ๋กœ์˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๋‘˜์งธ ์•„์ด ์ถœ์‚ฐ ํ™•๋ฅ ์ด ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚ฎ์•˜๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ฃผ๋‹น 2์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ด์ƒ 40์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ดํ•˜ ๊ทผ๋กœํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ์— ๋น„ํ•ด์„œ ์ฃผ๋‹น 40์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ดˆ๊ณผ ๊ทผ๋กœํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๋‘˜์งธ ์•„์ด ์ถœ์‚ฐ ํ™•๋ฅ ์ด ํ•œ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚ฎ์•˜๋‹ค(p<0.1). ๋‘˜์งธ, ๋‚จํŽธ์˜ ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ์ผ ๋ถ„๋‹ด๋น„์œจ์€ ๋‘˜์งธ ์•„์ด ์ถœ์‚ฐ์— ์ •์  ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋‚จ์„ฑ์ด ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ์ผ์„ ๋ถ„๋‹ดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋น„ํ•ด์„œ ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ์ผ์„ 0% ์ดˆ๊ณผ 6.61% ์ดํ•˜, 6.61% ์ดˆ๊ณผ 16.67% ์ดํ•˜, 16.67% ์ดˆ๊ณผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋‹ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋‘˜์งธ ์•„์ด ์ถœ์‚ฐ ํ™•๋ฅ ์ด ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋†’์•˜๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ์ผ ๋ถ„๋‹ด๋น„์œจ์ด ๋†’์•„์ง์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‘˜์งธ ์•„์ด ์ถœ์‚ฐ ํ™•๋ฅ ์ด ๋‹จ์กฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€์Œ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ , ๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ์ผ ๋ถ„๋‹ด๋น„์œจ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋‘˜์งธ ์•„์ด ์ถœ์‚ฐ ํ™•๋ฅ ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ๋‚จํŽธ์˜ ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ์ผ ๋ถ„๋‹ด๋น„์œจ์ด ๋‘˜์งธ ์•„์ด ์ถœ์‚ฐ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์ •์  ์˜ํ–ฅ์€ ๊ทผ๋กœํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๊ทผ๋กœ์˜์‚ฌ๋„ ์—†๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ทผ๋กœ ์ค‘์ธ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทผ๋กœํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทผ๋กœ์˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ๋” ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋‘ ์ง‘๋‹จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ์ผ ๋ถ„๋‹ด๋น„์œจ์ด ์ถœ์‚ฐ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์ •์  ์˜ํ–ฅ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ •์ฑ…์  ํ•จ์˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ์ถœ์‚ฐ์œจ์„ ์ฆ์ง„์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ผ๊ฐ€์ •์–‘๋ฆฝ ์ง€์›์ •์ฑ…์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทผ๋กœ์™€ ์ถœ์‚ฐ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋น„์–‘๋ฆฝ์„ฑ์ด ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ํฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ์ผ๊ฐ€์ •๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์„ ์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ œ๋„์ ์ธ ์ง€์›๋“ค์—๋Š” ๋ณด์œก์„œ๋น„์Šค์˜ ํ™•๋Œ€ ๋ฐ ๋ณด์œก์„œ๋น„์Šค ์งˆ์˜ ์ œ๊ณ , ์ถœ์‚ฐํœด๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ ์œก์•„ํœด์ง์ œ๋„ ํ™•๋Œ€, ์œ ์—ฐ๊ทผ๋กœ์ œ๋„ ํ™•๋Œ€ ๋“ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ •์ฑ…์  ๋Œ€์•ˆ๋“ค์˜ ์‹œํ–‰์€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ์ผ๊ฐ€์ •์–‘๋ฆฝ์„ ์›ํ™œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ถœ์‚ฐ์œจ์„ ์ฆ์ง„์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ณ ์šฉ๋ฅ ์„ ๋†’์ด๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ์ถœ์‚ฐ์œจ์„ ์ฆ์ง„์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ํ‰๊ท ๊ทผ๋กœ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฐ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ์ผ ๋ถ„๋‹ด๋น„์œจ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ถœ์‚ฐ์˜ ํ™•๋ฅ ์ด ๋†’์•„์ง„๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ถœ์‚ฐ์œจ์„ ์ฆ์ง„์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ํ–‰๋™์ธ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ์ผ ๋ถ„๋‹ด์„ ์ง์ ‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฆ์ง„์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ผ์ด๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ์ผ ๋ถ„๋‹ด์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋‚จ์„ฑ์ด ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ์ผ์„ ๋ถ„๋‹ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทผ๋กœ ์™ธ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ํ™•๋ณด๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž์˜ ํ‰๊ท ๊ทผ๋กœ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋†’์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ ํ‰๊ท ๊ทผ๋กœ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ์ผ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทผ๋กœ ์™ธ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ด์œผ๋กœ์จ, ๊ฐ„์ ‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ์ผ ๋ถ„๋‹ด์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ํ‰๊ท ๊ทผ๋กœ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋Š” ๊ทผ๋กœ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ์ผ๊ฐ€์ •์–‘๋ฆฝ์„ ์›ํ™œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์ง์ ‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋„์›€์ด ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ‰๊ท ๊ทผ๋กœ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฐ์†Œ ๋ฐ ํŒŒํŠธํƒ€์ž„ ์ง์—…์˜ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”๋Š” ๋‚จ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๋‹ค ์—ฌ์œ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„ํ™œ์šฉ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์—ฌ, ์ถœ์‚ฐ์œจ์„ ๋†’์ด๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ์ถœ์‚ฐ์œจ์„ ์ฆ์ง„์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ํ‰๋“ฑํ•œ ์  ๋” ์ด๋…์˜ ํ™•์‚ฐ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๋ถ€๋ถ€ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ์ผ์˜ ๋ถ„๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ํ‰๋“ฑํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก ์ถœ์‚ฐ์œจ์ด ๋†’์•„์ง„๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ€ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ์ผ ๋ถ„๋ฐฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์€ ๋‚จํŽธ๊ณผ ์•„๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ์ผ ๋ถ„๋ฐฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์  ๋” ์ด๋…์ด ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ์ผ ๋ถ„๋ฐฐ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋ฉฐ, ๋‚จํŽธ๊ณผ ์•„๋‚ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ์ผ ๋ถ„๋ฐฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ํ‰๋“ฑํ•œ ์  ๋” ์ด๋…์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋ถ€๋ถ€ ๊ฐ„์— ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ์ผ์„ ๋” ํ‰๋“ฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ถ„๋ฐฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ถ€๋ถ€ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ์ผ ๋ถ„๋ฐฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์  ๋” ์ด๋…์€ ์‚ฌํšŒํ™”๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜๋ฏ€๋กœ, ๊ต์œก๊ณผ ๋…ธ๋™์‹œ์žฅ์—์„œ๋งŒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ฐ€์ •์˜์—ญ์—์„œ์˜ ์  ๋” ํ‰๋“ฑ์„ ์ง€ํ–ฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ต์œก ๋ฐ ๊ฐ€์น˜ ํ™•์‚ฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ๋“ค์€ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ถœ์‚ฐ์œจ์„ ๋†’์ด๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.์ œ 1 ์žฅ ์„œ๋ก  ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ œ๊ธฐ ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์ œ ์ œ 2 ์žฅ ์ด๋ก ์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์šฉ์–ด์˜ ์ •์˜ ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์ถœ์‚ฐ์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •์š”์ธ ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ณ ์šฉ์ด ์ถœ์‚ฐ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ ์ œ 4 ์ ˆ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ์ผ ๋ถ€๋‹ด์ด ์ถœ์‚ฐ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ ์ œ 5 ์ ˆ ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ ๋‚ด์˜ ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ์ผ ๋ถ„๋ฐฐ ์ œ 6 ์ ˆ ์ถœ์‚ฐ์˜๋„์™€ ์ถœ์‚ฐ ์ œ 3 ์žฅ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€์„ค ์ œ 4 ์žฅ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ๋ฐ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์„ค์ • ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์„ค์ • ์ œ 5 ์žฅ ๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ œ 6 ์žฅ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์˜ ์š”์•ฝ ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ํ•จ์˜ ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„์™€ ํ›„์†์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ œ์–ธ ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ AbstractMaste

    ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ Bleed ์กฐ๊ฑด์ด ์ดˆ์Œ์† ํก์ž…๊ตฌ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์น˜์  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ํ•ญ๊ณต๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€, 2014. 2. ๊น€์ข…์•”.๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ์œ ๋™ ์ œ์–ด์žฅ์น˜์ค‘์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ Bleed ์œ ๋™ ์ œ์–ด์žฅ์น˜๊ฐ€ ์ดˆ์Œ์† ๋น„ํ–‰์ฒด ์—”์ง„ ํก์ž…๊ตฌ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋œ ์ˆ˜์น˜์ ์ธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜์น˜ํ•ด์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด Bleed ์œ ๋™ ์ œ์–ด์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ์ง์ ‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ชจ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์†Œ์š”๋˜๋ฏ€๋กœ, ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„์กฐ๊ฑด์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ Slater๊ฐ€ 2009๋…„์— ๋ชจ์‚ฌํ•˜์˜€๋˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค[3]. ์ฑ„ํƒ๋œ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„์กฐ๊ฑด ๋ชจ๋ธ๊ณผ ํ•ด์„์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ํ•ด์„์ž๊ฐ€ ํƒ€๋‹นํ•œ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ž…์ฆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฒ€์ฆ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒ€์ฆ๋œ Bleed ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„์กฐ๊ฑด์„ Nagashima๊ฐ€ 1972๋…„์— ์‹คํ—˜ํ•˜์˜€๋˜[5] ์ดˆ์Œ์† ํก์ž…๊ตฌ(Supersonic inlet) ํ˜•์ƒ์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํก์ž…๊ตฌ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์ด ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋จ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, Center body์™€ Inner cowl ๋‘ ๊ณณ์—์„œ์˜ Bleed ์œ ๋™ ์ œ์–ด์žฅ์น˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ดˆ์Œ์† ํก์ž…๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ตœ์ ์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๊ฐ–๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” Bleed ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด Kriging-EI ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•๊ณผ GA ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์œ ๋™์˜ ๋ฐ•๋ฆฌ(Flow separation)์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž‘์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ข…๋‹จ์ถฉ๊ฒฉํŒŒ๊ฐ€ ํก์ž…๊ตฌ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋ฉด์ ์ด ์ข์€ ๋ชฉ(Throat) ๋ถ€๊ทผ์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•  ๋•Œ ํก์ž…๊ตฌ์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์ด ์ตœ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๋จ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜จ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ํ•ด์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ตœ์ ์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์˜ ์›์ธ๊ณผ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.์ดˆ ๋ก ๋ชฉ ์ฐจ ํ‘œ ๋ชฉ์ฐจ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ ๋ชฉ์ฐจ ๊ธฐํ˜ธ ๋ฐ ์•ฝ์–ด 1. ์„œ ๋ก  1.1 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 1.2 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ชฉ์  2. ์ง€๋ฐฐ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹ ๋ฐ ์ˆ˜์น˜๊ธฐ๋ฒ• 2.1 ์ง€๋ฐฐ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹ 2.2 ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ์ฐจ๋ถ„๋ฒ• 2.2.1 AUSMPW+ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ• 2.2.2 ๊ณ ์ฐจ ์ •ํ™•๋„ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ• 2.3 ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ ๋ถ„๋ฒ• 2.3.2 ๊ฐ€์ƒ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ• 2.3.2 LU-SGS ๊ธฐ๋ฒ• 2.4 ๋‚œ๋ฅ˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ 2.4.1 ฮบ-ฯ‰ SST๋ชจ๋ธ 3. ์ตœ์ ํ™” ๊ธฐ๋ฒ• 3.1 ์œ ์ „ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜(GA) 3.2 ๋ฉ”ํƒ€ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง ๊ธฐ๋ฒ• 3.2.1 ์‹คํ—˜๊ณ„ํš๋ฒ• (DOE) 3.2.2 Kriging ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง ๊ธฐ๋ฒ• 3.2.3 EI(Expected Improvement) ๊ธฐ๋ฒ• 4. Bleed ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„์กฐ๊ฑด ๊ตฌํ˜„ ๋ฐ ๊ฒ€์ฆ 4.1 Slater ๋ชจ๋ธ(2009) 4.2 ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„์กฐ๊ฑด ๊ฒ€์ฆ 4.2.1 ๊ท ์ผํ•œ ์ดˆ์Œ์† ์œ ๋™์ด ํ๋ฅด๋Š” ํ‰ํŒ 4.2.2 Bleed ์˜์—ญ ๋‚ด๋กœ ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ์ถฉ๊ฒฉํŒŒ๊ฐ€ ์ž…์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 5. Bleed๊ฐ€ ์ ์šฉ๋œ ์ดˆ์Œ์† ํก์ž…๊ตฌ 5.1 ํ˜•์ƒ ๋ฐ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„์กฐ๊ฑด 5.2 ๋””์ž์ธ ์ตœ์ ํ™” ๊ณ„ํš 5.3 ๋””์ž์ธ ์ตœ์ ํ™” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 5.3.1 Bleed ์˜์—ญ ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ์œ ๋™์˜ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  ํŠน์„ฑ 5.3.1 ์ข…๋‹จ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉํŒŒ ์œ„์น˜๊ฐ€ ํก์ž…๊ตฌ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ 5.3.2 ์œ ๋™ ๋ฐ•๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํก์ž…๊ตฌ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ 5.3.3 ๊ณต๋ ฅ ๋…ธ์ฆ(Aerodynamic nozzle) ํ˜„์ƒ 6. ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ AbstractMaste

    Numerical Analysis of Unsteady Cavitating Flows around a 2-D Wedge for Natural and Ventilated Cavitation

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    OAIID:RECH_ACHV_DSTSH_NO:A201702755RECH_ACHV_FG:RR00200003ADJUST_YN:EMP_ID:A001138CITE_RATE:FILENAME:TC1-2.pdfDEPT_NM:๊ธฐ๊ณ„ํ•ญ๊ณต๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€EMAIL:[email protected]_YN:FILEURL:https://srnd.snu.ac.kr/eXrepEIR/fws/file/32a138da-77ea-428d-bd08-ee014e25de43/linkCONFIRM:

    EDISON_CFD; ์›น ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜ ์œ ์ฒด๊ณตํ•™ ๊ต์œก ๋ฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ

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    OAIID:oai:osos.snu.ac.kr:snu2014-01/104/0000004648/9SEQ:9PERF_CD:SNU2014-01EVAL_ITEM_CD:104USER_ID:0000004648ADJUST_YN:NEMP_ID:A001138DEPT_CD:446CITE_RATE:0DEPT_NM:๊ธฐ๊ณ„ํ•ญ๊ณต๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€CONFIRM:

    Numerical Study of Supersonic Inlet Performance under Various Bleed Conditions

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    This paper deals with a numerical investigation of bleed effect on supersonic inlet performance under various bleed conditions. Because of high computational cost of direct simulation of each bleed holes, slaters 2009 bleed boundary condition model is used. Firstly, the bleed model is implemented and validated by solving validation cases. Then, a supersonic inlet used in Nagashimas experiments and bleeds are simulated to show the effect of bleed on performance of supersonic inlet. The kriging method in conjunction with a GA(Genetic Algorithm) is used to find the optimal condition of bleeds on the supersonic inlet, and EI(Expected Improvement) is introduced to enhance the kriging model. The optimal condition can be achieved when terminal shock is located in the throat of the supersonic inlet and an effect of flow separation is small.OAIID:oai:osos.snu.ac.kr:snu2014-01/104/0000004648/3SEQ:3PERF_CD:SNU2014-01EVAL_ITEM_CD:104USER_ID:0000004648ADJUST_YN:NEMP_ID:A001138DEPT_CD:446CITE_RATE:0FILENAME:์šฐ์ฃผ๋ฐœ์‚ฌ์ฒด ์‹ฌํฌ์ง€์›€_๋…ผ๋ฌธ_์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์ตœ์š”ํ•œ_v 2.0.pdfDEPT_NM:๊ธฐ๊ณ„ํ•ญ๊ณต๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€CONFIRM:

    Study on Concept Design of Supersonic Inlet and Flow Control of Bleeding under Operating Condition

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    ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์••์ถ•์„ฑ ์œ ์ฒด์ด๋ก ์— ๊ธฐ์ดˆํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ ˜์ ฏ ์—”์ง„์˜ ์ดˆ์Œ์† ํก์ž…๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋… ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋„“์€ ๋ฒ”์œ„์˜ ์šด์˜์กฐ๊ฑด์—์„œ ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ธ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๋‚ด๋„๋ก ๋ธ”๋ฆฌ๋”ฉ ์œ ๋™์ œ์–ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ดˆ์Œ์† ํก์ž…๊ตฌ์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ถฉ๊ฒฉํŒŒ ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ, ์ถฉ๊ฒฉํŒŒ-๊ฒฝ๊ณ„์ธต ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ ๋ฐ ์œ ๋™ ๋ฐ•๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ ์ ˆํžˆ ์ œ์–ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋น„์ ์„ฑ ํ•ด์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์–ป์–ด์ง„ 1์ฐจ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์„ค๊ณ„ ํ˜•์ƒ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ ์„ฑ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉํŒŒ์˜ ๊ฐ•๋„์™€ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„์ธต ๋ฐ ๋ฐ•๋ฆฌ์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ˜์˜๋œ 2์ฐจ ์ˆ˜์ •์„ค๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์„ค๊ณ„์กฐ๊ฑด์—์„œ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉํŒŒ๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ์ •ํ™”๋˜๊ณ  ๋ชฉํ‘œ ํก์ž…์œ ๋Ÿ‰์„ ๋งŒ์กฑํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•์ƒ์„ ์–ป์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํก์ž…๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํƒˆ ์„ค๊ณ„์กฐ๊ฑด ๋‚ด์—์„œ๋„ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์ด ์œ ์ง€๋˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ธ”๋ฆฌ๋”ฉ์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์งˆ๋Ÿ‰์œ ๋Ÿ‰ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ธ”๋ฆฌ๋”ฉ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์œ„์น˜์™€ ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•ด๊ฐ€๋ฉฐ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.The present paper deals with concept design of supersonic inlet based on compressible flow theory and flow control of bleeding in order to guarantee stability of supersonic inlet of ramjet engine in broad range of operating conditions. Shock instability, shock wave-boundary layer interaction and flow separation should be properly controlled to improve performance of the supersonic inlet. Considering shock strength, boundary layer and flow separation, the supersonic inlet is modified from the basic model which is designed under inviscid theory. Consequently, shock is stabilized, and required mass flow rate is obtained. Furthermore, bleeding is applied to the supersonic inlet to maintain performance in off-design conditions. Mass flow condition is adopted for modeling of bleeding effect, and performance of the supersonic inlet is evaluated by changing bleeding locations and numbers.OAIID:oai:osos.snu.ac.kr:snu2012-01/102/0000004648/7SEQ:7PERF_CD:SNU2012-01EVAL_ITEM_CD:102USER_ID:0000004648ADJUST_YN:YEMP_ID:A001138DEPT_CD:446CITE_RATE:0FILENAME:์ดˆ์Œ์† ํก์ž…๊ตฌ ๊ฐœ๋… ์„ค๊ณ„์™€ ์šด์˜์กฐ๊ฑด ๋‚ด์˜ ๋ธ”๋ฆฌ๋”ฉ(bleeding) ์œ ๋™์ œ์–ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ.pdfDEPT_NM:๊ธฐ๊ณ„ํ•ญ๊ณต๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€EMAIL:[email protected]_YN:NCONFIRM:

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์ง€์†์„ฑ์˜ ์„ธ ์ œ๋ชฉ์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ๋“ค์„ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ์ฃผ์ œ๋“ค์„ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ ์ฃผ์ œ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ •๊ทœ-๋น„์ •๊ทœ ๋นˆ๊ณค๊ฒฉ์ฐจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์„ธ๋ถ€์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ €, ์ •๊ทœ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž์™€ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž ๊ฐ„์— ๊ณ ์šฉ๊ณ„์•ฝํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋นˆ๊ณค์œ„ํ—˜์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ์€ ์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ž„๊ธˆ์ˆ˜์ค€๊ณผ ๋†’์€ ์‹ค์—…์œ„ํ—˜์„ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ, ์ธ์ ์ž๋ณธ, ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ, ๋™๊ธฐ ๋“ฑ์ด ๋™์ผํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž๋Š” ์ •๊ทœ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๋†’์€ ๋นˆ๊ณค์œ„ํ—˜์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ๋Š”, ์ •๊ทœ-๋น„์ •๊ทœ ๋นˆ๊ณค๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ๊ณผ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋‹น์ž„๊ธˆ, ์ฃผ๋‹น๊ทผ๋กœ์‹œ๊ฐ„, ๊ทผ๋กœ์›”์ˆ˜์˜ ์ฐจ์ด ์ค‘ ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ์š”์ธ์— ์˜ํ•ด์„œ ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํƒ์ƒ‰์€ ์ •๊ทœ-๋น„์ •๊ทœ ๋นˆ๊ณค๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ 1๋…„ ๋‹จ์œ„๋กœ ์ธก์ •๋˜๋Š” ๋นˆ๊ณค์ง€์œ„์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ฐ„๊ทผ๋กœ์†Œ๋“์ด ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋‹น์ž„๊ธˆ, ์ฃผ๋‹น๊ทผ๋กœ์‹œ๊ฐ„, ๊ทผ๋กœ์›”์ˆ˜๋กœ ์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ํฌ์ฐฉ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ด๋ฅผ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๊ฐ ์š”์ธ๋“ค์— ์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์„ค๋ช…๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ •๊ทœ-๋น„์ •๊ทœ ๋นˆ๊ณค๊ฒฉ์ฐจ์˜ ์ž”์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ชจํ˜ธํ•จ์„ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ด์œผ๋กœ์จ, ๊ฐ ์š”์ธ๋“ค์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ํฌ์ฐฉํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ ์ฃผ์ œ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ •๊ทœ-๋น„์ •๊ทœ ๋นˆ๊ณค๊ฒฉ์ฐจ์˜ ๊ธฐํ˜ผ์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ธฐํ˜ผ๋‚จ์„ฑ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ฃผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์˜ ์ด์ฐจ์†Œ๋“์ž๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐํ˜ผ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ณ ์šฉ์—์˜ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋Š” ์ฃผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์˜ ์ผ์ฐจ์†Œ๋“์ž์ธ ๊ธฐํ˜ผ๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ณ ์šฉ์—์˜ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์˜ ๋นˆ๊ณค์œ„ํ—˜์˜ ์™„ํ™”์— ๋ณด๋‹ค ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ, ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํƒ์ƒ‰์€ ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์˜ ์ด์ฐจ์†Œ๋“์ž๋“ค์˜ ์ž”์—ฌ์ ์ธ ๋…ธ๋™์‹œ์žฅ์ฐธ์—ฌ์˜ ์ด‰์ง„์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋นˆ๊ณค๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ์ •์ฑ…์ž…์•ˆ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ํ•จ์˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์˜ ํƒ์ƒ‰์„ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ •๊ทœ-๋น„์ •๊ทœ ๋นˆ๊ณค๊ฒฉ์ฐจ์˜ ๊ธฐํ˜ผ์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ธฐํ˜ผ๋‚จ์„ฑ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€, (a) ๊ธฐํ˜ผ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ์ฃผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์˜ ์ด์ฐจ์†Œ๋“์ž์ด๊ณ  ๊ธฐํ˜ผ๋‚จ์„ฑ์ด ์ฃผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์˜ ์ผ์ฐจ์†Œ๋“์ž์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  (b) ๊ธฐํ˜ผ์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ธฐํ˜ผ๋‚จ์„ฑ ๊ฐ„์— ์ •๊ทœ-๋น„์ •๊ทœ ๊ทผ๋กœ์†Œ๋“๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ธฐํ˜ผ์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ธฐํ˜ผ๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ์ •๊ทœ-๋น„์ •๊ทœ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„๊ทผ๋กœ์†Œ๋“๊ฒฉ์ฐจ์™€ ์ •๊ทœ-๋น„์ •๊ทœ ๋นˆ๊ณค๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ, ํŠนํžˆ ๊ธฐํ˜ผ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ์ฃผ๋กœ ์ด์ฐจ์†Œ๋“์ž์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ •๊ทœ-๋น„์ •๊ทœ ๋นˆ๊ณค๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋” ์ž‘์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ ์ฃผ์ œ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ๊ณผ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ ๊ฐ„์— ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ๋นˆ๊ณค๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์—๋„ ์ง€์†๋˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ๊ณผ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ ๊ฐ„์˜ ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ๋นˆ๊ณค๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„, ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ๊ณผ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋นˆ๊ณค๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์ง€์†์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง์„ ํ•จ์˜ํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์œ„ ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํƒ์ƒ‰๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋Š”, ์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ๊ณผ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ ๊ฐ„์— ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์›ฐ๋น™์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ†ตํ•ฉ์ ์ธ ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ •๊ทœ-๋น„์ •๊ทœ ๋นˆ๊ณค๊ฒฉ์ฐจ์˜ ์ง€์†์„ฑ์„ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ •๊ทœ-๋น„์ •๊ทœ ๋นˆ๊ณค๊ฒฉ์ฐจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ†ตํ•ฉ์ ์ธ ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ฆ์ง„์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ•œํŽธ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ๊ณผ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ ๊ฐ„์— ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ธ์ ์ž๋ณธ์ถ•์ ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์™€ ์‹ค์—…์œ„ํ—˜์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ๊ณผ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋นˆ๊ณค๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๋Š” ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์ง€์†์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•œํŽธ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ์ด ์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ์ด๋‚˜ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๋กœ ์ดํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ์ง•๊ฒ€๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ ๋˜ํ•œ ํ˜„์‹ค์˜ ๋…ธ๋™์‹œ์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋…ธ๋™์‹œ์žฅ์ฐธ์—ฌ์ˆ˜์ค€์„ ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ์ง€์†์‹œํ‚ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐœ์„ ์‹œํ‚ค์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ, ์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ๊ณผ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ ๊ฐ„์— ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋นˆ๊ณค๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๋Š” ์ผ์‹œ์ ์ผ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ๋˜ํ•œ ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ๊ณผ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ ๊ฐ„์˜ ํ˜„์žฌ์™€ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ๋นˆ๊ณค๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์‹ค์ฆ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ถ„์„๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ์„œ, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ •์ฑ…์  ๊ด€์‹ฌ์˜ ์ฃผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ธ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ(ํ•œ๊ตญ)๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์„์ž๋ฃŒ๋กœ๋Š” ์žฅ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์˜ ํŒจ๋„์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ๋…ธ๋™ํŒจ๋„์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ถ„์„๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ๋ฏธ๊ด€์ธก ์ด์งˆ์„ฑ์„ ํ†ต์ œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณ ์ •ํšจ๊ณผ์ ‘๊ทผ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์˜ ๋นˆ๊ณค์ง€์œ„๋Š” ๊ท ๋“ฑํ™”์ค‘์œ„๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์†Œ๋“์˜ 60%๋ฅผ ๋นˆ๊ณค์„ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋˜ํ•œ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ ๋‚ด์˜ ์ด์งˆ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ณ ๋ ค๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ์„ 1๋…„ ์ด์ƒ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ, 1๋…„ ๋ฏธ๋งŒ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ, ์ผ์šฉ๊ณ„์•ฝ์˜ ์„ธ ๋ฐฐํƒ€์  ๋ฒ”์ฃผ๋“ค๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ํƒ์ƒ‰์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋“ค์„ ์š”์•ฝํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ์€ ์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋นˆ๊ณค์œ„ํ—˜์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ์˜ ๋นˆ๊ณค์œ„ํ—˜์€ ์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ๋ณด๋‹ค 6.2%p ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์—ฐ๊ฐ„๊ทผ๋กœ์†Œ๋“์€ 15.2% ๋‚ฎ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ ๋‚ด์˜ ์ด์งˆ์„ฑ์ด ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. 1๋…„ ์ด์ƒ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ์˜ ๋นˆ๊ณค์œ„ํ—˜์€ ์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ๋ณด๋‹ค 2.9%p ๋†’์•˜๊ณ  ์—ฐ๊ฐ„๊ทผ๋กœ์†Œ๋“์€ 6.4% ๋‚ฎ์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ, 1๋…„ ๋ฏธ๋งŒ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ์˜ ๋นˆ๊ณค์œ„ํ—˜์€ ์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ๋ณด๋‹ค 8.3%p ๋†’์•˜๊ณ  ์—ฐ๊ฐ„๊ทผ๋กœ์†Œ๋“์€ 22.0% ๋‚ฎ์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ผ์šฉ๊ณ„์•ฝ์˜ ๋นˆ๊ณค์œ„ํ—˜์€ ์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ๋ณด๋‹ค 7.5%p ๋†’์•˜๊ณ  ์—ฐ๊ฐ„๊ทผ๋กœ์†Œ๋“์€ 23.9% ๋‚ฎ์•˜๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ์˜ ๋นˆ๊ณค์œ„ํ—˜์€ ์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ธฐ๋Š” ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜, ์‹ค์—…๊ณผ ๋ฏธ์ทจ์—…์€ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋น„์ž„๊ธˆ๊ทผ๋กœ์˜ ๋นˆ๊ณค์œ„ํ—˜๋ณด๋‹ค๋„ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚ฎ์•˜๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ €, ์‹ค์—…๊ณผ ๋ฏธ์ทจ์—…์˜ ๋นˆ๊ณค์œ„ํ—˜์€ ์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ฐ๊ฐ 41.1%p, 37.1%p ๋†’์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋น„์ž„๊ธˆ๊ทผ๋กœ์˜ ๋นˆ๊ณค์œ„ํ—˜์€ ์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ๋ณด๋‹ค 13.6%p ๋†’์•˜๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ์€ ์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋†’์€ ๋นˆ๊ณค์œ„ํ—˜์„ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋Š” ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒฝ์ œํ™œ๋™์ƒํƒœ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ์„œ๋Š” ๋นˆ๊ณค์œ„ํ—˜์„ ์™„ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ์ •๊ทœ-๋น„์ •๊ทœ ๋นˆ๊ณค๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋‹น์ž„๊ธˆ, ์ฃผ๋‹น๊ทผ๋กœ์‹œ๊ฐ„, ๊ทผ๋กœ์›”์ˆ˜ ์ค‘ ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ์š”์ธ์— ์˜ํ•ด์„œ ์ฃผ๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…๋˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ •๊ทœ-๋น„์ •๊ทœ ๋นˆ๊ณค๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋‹น์ž„๊ธˆ๊ณผ ์ฃผ๋‹น๊ทผ๋กœ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์˜ํ•ด์„œ ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋‹น์ž„๊ธˆ์— ์˜ํ•ด์„œ ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๊ทผ๋กœ์›”์ˆ˜์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์š”์ธ๋“ค์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž‘์•˜๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์„ฑ๋ณ„ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ๊ณผ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฃผ๋‹น๊ทผ๋กœ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋‚จ์„ฑ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋šœ๋ ทํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋‹น์ž„๊ธˆ์˜ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚จ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ๋” ๋šœ๋ ทํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค. ์ฃผ๋‹น๊ทผ๋กœ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋‚จ์„ฑ๋ณด๋‹ค ์—ฌ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ๋” ๋šœ๋ ทํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ์›์ธ์€, ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ทผ๋กœ๋™๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‚จ์„ฑ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์˜ ์†Œ๋“์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋” ์˜์กด์ ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋˜ํ•œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ทผ๋กœ๋™๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ๊ณผ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ์˜ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์—ฌ๋ถ€์™€ ์—ฐ๊ด€๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ •๊ทœ-๋น„์ •๊ทœ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋‹น์ž„๊ธˆ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚จ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ๋” ๋šœ๋ ทํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ์ฃผ๋กœ ์ž”์—ฌ์ ์ธ ์—…๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๋‹ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ฃผ๋กœ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ ์ธ ์—…๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๋‹ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ์—์„œ ์„ฑ๋ณ„์ž„๊ธˆ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋” ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ๋„ท์งธ, ๊ธฐํ˜ผ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ณ ์šฉ์—์˜ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐํ˜ผ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ์ฃผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์˜ ์ด์ฐจ์†Œ๋“์ž์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์˜ ๋นˆ๊ณค์œ„ํ—˜์„ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์™„ํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ ์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. 1๋…„ ์ด์ƒ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋งŒ, ์ •๊ทœ-๋น„์ •๊ทœ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„๊ทผ๋กœ์†Œ๋“๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐํ˜ผ์—ฌ์„ฑ 145๋งŒ์›, ๊ธฐํ˜ผ๋‚จ์„ฑ 116๋งŒ์›์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐํ˜ผ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ๋” ์ปธ์Œ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ , ์ •๊ทœ-๋น„์ •๊ทœ ๋นˆ๊ณค๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๋Š” ๊ธฐํ˜ผ์—ฌ์„ฑ 1.9%p, ๊ธฐํ˜ผ๋‚จ์„ฑ 4.1%p๋กœ ๊ธฐํ˜ผ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ๋” ์ž‘๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ธฐํ˜ผ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ์ฃผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์˜ ์ด์ฐจ์†Œ๋“์ž์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ์ •๊ทœ-๋น„์ •๊ทœ ๋นˆ๊ณค๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐํ˜ผ๋‚จ์„ฑ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ธฐํ˜ผ์—ฌ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ๋” ์ž‘์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋งŒ, 1๋…„ ๋ฏธ๋งŒ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ๊ณผ ์ผ์šฉ๊ณ„์•ฝ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์ „ํ˜€ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ข…ํ•ฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ธฐํ˜ผ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ณ ์šฉ์—์˜ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐํ˜ผ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ์ฃผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์˜ ์ด์ฐจ์†Œ๋“์ž์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์˜ ๋นˆ๊ณค์œ„ํ—˜์„ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์™„ํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ๊ด€๋œ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ๋ชปํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ•œํŽธ ์ด๋Š” ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ณ ์šฉ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐํ˜ผ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ทผ๋กœ์†Œ๋“์˜ ์ ˆ๋Œ€์ ์ธ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ฒƒ์— ์ผ๋ถ€ ๊ธฐ์ธํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์„ฏ์งธ, ์ •๊ทœ-๋น„์ •๊ทœ ๋นˆ๊ณค๊ฒฉ์ฐจ์˜ ์ง€์†์„ฑ์€ ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ๋ฏธ๊ด€์ธก ์š”์ธ์„ ํ†ต์ œํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ์—๋Š” ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ๋ฏธ๊ด€์ธก ์š”์ธ์„ ํ†ต์ œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๋…ธ๋™์‹œ์žฅ์˜ ์ด์ค‘ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ์š”์ธ์ด ์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ๊ณผ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ณ ์šฉ๊ณ„์•ฝํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ํ•จ์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ์„ฏ์งธ, ๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ๊ณผ ๋น„์ž„๊ธˆ๊ทผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋นˆ๊ณค๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๋Š” ์ •๊ทœ-๋น„์ •๊ทœ ๋นˆ๊ณค๊ฒฉ์ฐจ์™€๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ 2๋…„ ํ›„์—๋„ ์ง€์†๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋น„์ž„๊ธˆ๊ทผ๋กœ์˜ ๋นˆ๊ณค์œ„ํ—˜์€ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ณ„์•ฝ๋ณด๋‹ค๋„ ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๋†’์•˜๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์ž์˜์—…์ž๋“ค์ด ๋†’์€ ๋นˆ๊ณค์œ„ํ—˜์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์˜์—…์— ํˆฌ์ž…๋œ ๊ณ ์ •๋น„์šฉ ๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒฝ์ œํ™œ๋™์ƒํƒœ๋กœ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ดํ–‰ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๋นˆ๊ณค์˜ ๋ซ์— ๋น ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ํ•จ์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ์„œ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•  ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋“ค์— ๊ธฐ์ดˆํ•œ ํ•จ์˜๋“ค๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋…ผํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.The dissertation explores several topics concerning the poverty gap between temporary and permanent contracts. A clear understanding of whether temporary and permanent contracts are important determining factors of economic well-being of individuals and households is required with the tendency of labor market polarization, the prevalence of temporary employment, and the policy discussions associated with labor market flexibility. So, this study tries to contribute prior understanding by investigating three topics. They are summarized by the following titles: the temporary-permanent poverty gap, the difference in the temporary-permanent poverty gap between married women and married men, and the persistence of the temporary-permanent poverty gap. The details of each topic are as follows. In the first topic, I explore two detailed issues for the temporary-permanent poverty gap. First, I examine whether there exists the difference in poverty which is caused by the difference in contract types between temporary and permanent workers. Since temporary contracts could experience a wage penalty and higher unemployment risk than permanent contracts, temporary workers may experience a higher poverty risk than permanent workers even when they have same characteristics such as human capital, ability, motivation, and so on. Next, I examine what factors among hourly wage, weekly working hours and working months mainly generate the temporary-permanent poverty gap. Examining this issue may contribute to understand the generating mechanism of the temporary-permanent poverty gap. For this, I investigate this issue using the assumption that yearly earnings are captured by hourly wage, weekly working hours and working months. Since this approach substantially reduces the ambiguity about the residual portions of the temporary-permanent poverty gap which is not explained by three factors, it may contributes to capture the effects of each factor more exactly. In the second topic, I examine the difference in the temporary-permanent poverty gap between married women and married men. Because the labor market participation through temporary employment among married women who are mainly secondary earners may be more effective to reduce household poverty risk than that among married men, the investigation of this topic can provide important policy implications for policy makers who want to reduce poverty rates by increasing residual participation on the labor market participation among secondary earners. To examine this issue, I assume that the difference in the temporary-permanent poverty gap between married women and married men is generated due to (a) that married women are mainly secondary earners and married men are mainly primary earners as well as (b) that the temporary-permanent earnings gap can be different between married women and married men. So, through estimating both the temporary-permanent yearly earnings gap and the poverty gap among married women and married men, respectively, and comparing these gaps between them, I investigate whether there is a tendency that the temporary-permanent poverty gap is lower among married women than married men especially because married women are mainly secondary earners. And in the third topic, I examine whether the temporary-permanent poverty gap in present is persistent in near future. Even if the temporary-permanent poverty gap in present clearly exists, it does not necessarily imply that the temporary-permanent poverty gap is persistent. So, just by investigating the above topics, it is difficult to have a comprehensive understanding of the difference in economic well-being between temporary and permanent contracts. Therefore, this study tries to enhance a comprehensive understanding of the temporary-permanent poverty gap by examining the persistence of the temporary-permanent poverty gap. In one hand, the temporary-permanent poverty gap may be highly persistent due to the difference in human capital accumulation and unemployment risk between temporary and permanent contracts. But in the other hand, because temporary contracts can be functioning as a stepping-stone to permanent contracts or better jobs and temporary contracts could not necessarily maintain or improve the level of labor market participation in a real labor market, it is also possibile that the temporary-permanent poverty gap is temporary. So, this study investigates the last topic through estimating and comparing both the temporary-permanent poverty gaps in present and near future. As data source, I use the Korea Labor and Income Panel Study which is a representative annual panel survey in South Korea. And I use a fixed-effects approach to control for individual unobserved heterogeneity. The 60 percent of median equivalised household income is used as the poverty line and the additional analyses are carried out by classifying temporary contracts into temporary contracts of one year or more, temporary contracts of less than one year, and casual contracts to consider the internal heterogeneity of temporary contracts. The main findings are summarized as follows. First, temporary contracts appear to increase poverty risk compared to permanent contracts. Temporary contracts have 6.2 percent point higher poverty risk and 15.2 percent lower yearly earnings than permanent contracts. And the internal heterogeneity among temporary contracts exist. Temporary contracts of one year or more have 2.9 percent point higher poverty risk and 6.4 percent lower yearly earnings than permanent contracts. Temporary contracts of less than one year have 8.3 percent point higher poverty risk and 22.0 percent lower yearly earnings than permanent contracts. And casual contracts have 7.5 percent point higher poverty risk and 23.9 percent lower yearly earnings than permanent contracts. Second, although temporary contracts have higher poverty risk than permanent contracts, they have much lower poverty risk than non-wage employment as well as unemployment and out of labor force. Compared to permanent contracts, unemployment and out of labor force have 41.1 percent point and 37.1 percent point higher poverty risk respectively, and non-wage employment has 1364 percent point higher poverty risk. So, I find that temporary contracts incur higher poverty risk than permanent contracts but they are poverty-reducing factors compared to other economic status. Third, upon examination of what are major causes of the temporary-permanent poverty gap among hourly wage, weekly working hours and working months, I find that the temporary-permanent poverty gap is explained largely by hourly wage and weekly working hours among women and is largely by hourly wage among married men. The effect of working months appears to be slight. This difference between women and men seems to be due to that while the temporary-permanent weekly hours gap is more clear among women than men, the temporary-permanent hourly wage gap appears more clear among men than women. The reason of the former is that the willingness to work of women may rely more heavily on household income than men and could be correlated with contract types. And the reason of the latter is that the gender wage gap may be bigger among permanent contracts which mainly takes central tasks of firms than among temporary contracts which mainly takes residual tasks of firms. Fourth, the evidence that the labor market participation through temporary employment among married women may reduce poverty risk effectively because married women are mainly secondary earners is found very little. Only in the case of temporary contracts of one year or more, although the temporary-permanent yearly earnings gap is bigger among married women (1,450,000 won) than married men (1,160,000 won), the temporary-permanent poverty gap is smaller among married women (1.9%p) than married men (4.1%p). So, the tendency that the temporary-permanent poverty gap is lower in married women than in married men because married women are mainly secondary earners. However, I cannot ever find this tendency for temporary contracts of less than one year and casual contracts. Therefore, conclusively, I find no evidence that the labor market participation through temporary employment among women can effectively reduce poverty risk because they are secondary earners. It may be partly due to that the absolute level of earnings among married women is very low. Fifth, whereas the persistence of the temporary-permanent poverty gap exists substantially when not controlling for individual unobserved factors, it barely exists when controlling for these factors. It implies that the factor causing the dualization of labor market may not be the difference in contract types between temporary and permanent contracts. Sixth, differently with the temporary-permanent poverty gap, the poverty gap between permanent contracts and non-employment appears to be persistent after two years. Also, the poverty risk of non-employment is much higher than temporary contracts. In the respect that this could imply that the self-employed could not easily translate into other economic status maybe due to the high fixed cost of self-employment and then they could fall in the poverty trap in long-term, this finding needs to be paid attention as one of important results of this study. In the conclusion, I discuss the implications and limitations of this study based on the above findings.์ œ1์žฅ ์„œ ๋ก  1 ์ œ2์žฅ ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ณ ์šฉ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ 11 ์ œ1์ ˆ ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ์ง ๊ด€๋ จ ๋…ผ์˜์™€ ์ œ๋„๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ๊ณผ์ • 11 ์ œ2์ ˆ ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ณ ์šฉํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๊ณผ ๊ณ ์šฉํ˜•ํƒœ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ž„๊ธˆ ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ์ฐจ์ด 15 ์ œ3์žฅ ์ด๋ก ์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 21 ์ œ1์ ˆ ์ •๊ทœ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž์™€ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž ๊ฐ„ ์ž„๊ธˆ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ 24 ์ œ2์ ˆ ์ •๊ทœ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž์™€ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž ๊ฐ„ ๋นˆ๊ณค๊ฒฉ์ฐจ 32 ์ œ3์ ˆ ์ •๊ทœ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž์™€ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž ๊ฐ„ ๋นˆ๊ณค๊ฒฉ์ฐจ์˜ ๊ธฐํ˜ผ์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ธฐํ˜ผ๋‚จ์„ฑ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฐจ์ด 41 ์ œ4์ ˆ ์ •๊ทœ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž์™€ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž ๊ฐ„ ๋นˆ๊ณค๊ฒฉ์ฐจ์˜ ์ง€์†์„ฑ 45 ์ œ4์žฅ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 51 ์ œ1์ ˆ ์ž๋ฃŒ 53 ์ œ2์ ˆ ์ถ”์ •๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 61 1. ์ •ํƒœ์  ๋กœ์ง€์Šคํ‹ฑ ๊ณ ์ •ํšจ๊ณผ ํšŒ๊ท€๋ชจ๋ธ 61 2. ๋™ํƒœ์  ๋กœ์ง€์Šคํ‹ฑ ๊ณ ์ •ํšจ๊ณผ ํšŒ๊ท€๋ชจ๋ธ 63 ์ œ3์ ˆ ์ถ”์ •๋ชจ๋ธ 67 1. ์ •๊ทœ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž์™€ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž ๊ฐ„ ๋นˆ๊ณค๊ฒฉ์ฐจ 67 2. ์ •๊ทœ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž์™€ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž ๊ฐ„ ๋นˆ๊ณค๊ฒฉ์ฐจ์˜ ๊ธฐํ˜ผ์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ธฐํ˜ผ๋‚จ์„ฑ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฐจ์ด 69 3. ์ •๊ทœ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž์™€ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž ๊ฐ„ ๋นˆ๊ณค๊ฒฉ์ฐจ์˜ ์ง€์†์„ฑ 71 ์ œ5์žฅ ๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 73 ์ œ1์ ˆ ์ •๊ทœ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž์™€ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž ๊ฐ„ ๋นˆ๊ณค๊ฒฉ์ฐจ 73 1. ๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ†ต๊ณ„๋Ÿ‰ 73 2. ํšŒ๊ท€๋ชจ๋ธ ์ถ”์ •๊ฒฐ๊ณผ: ์ •๊ทœ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž์™€ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž ๊ฐ„ ๋นˆ๊ณค๊ฒฉ์ฐจ 87 3. ํšŒ๊ท€๋ชจ๋ธ ์ถ”์ •๊ฒฐ๊ณผ: ์ •๊ทœ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž์™€ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž ๊ฐ„ ๋นˆ๊ณค๊ฒฉ์ฐจ์˜ ์›์ธ 93 4. ์„ฑ๋ณ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ถ„์„ 103 ์ œ2์ ˆ ์ •๊ทœ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž์™€ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž ๊ฐ„ ๋นˆ๊ณค๊ฒฉ์ฐจ์˜ ๊ธฐํ˜ผ์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ธฐํ˜ผ๋‚จ์„ฑ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฐจ์ด 114 1. ๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ†ต๊ณ„๋Ÿ‰ 114 2. ํšŒ๊ท€๋ชจ๋ธ ์ถ”์ •๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 123 ์ œ3์ ˆ ์ •๊ทœ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž์™€ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž ๊ฐ„ ๋นˆ๊ณค๊ฒฉ์ฐจ์˜ ์ง€์†์„ฑ 132 1. ๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ†ต๊ณ„๋Ÿ‰ 132 2. ํšŒ๊ท€๋ชจ๋ธ ์ถ”์ •๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 142 ์ œ6์žฅ ๊ฒฐ ๋ก  153 ์ œ1์ ˆ ์ฃผ์š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 153 ์ œ2์ ˆ ์ •์ฑ…์  ํ•จ์˜ 157 ์ œ3์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„ 159 ๋ถ€ ๋ก 163 ๋ถ€๋ก 1. ํ•œ๊ตญ๋…ธ๋™ํŒจ๋„์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ํ†ต๊ณ„์น˜์˜ ์ถ”์ด 163 ๋ถ€๋ก 2. ๊ท ๋“ฑํ™”๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์†Œ๋“ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ 166 ๋ถ€๋ก 3. ์ •ํƒœ์  ๋กœ์ง€์Šคํ‹ฑ ํšŒ๊ท€๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ๋„์ถœ๊ณผ์ • 170 ๋ถ€๋ก 4. Bartolucci and Pigini(2017b)์˜ ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ ์˜ํ–ฅ์˜ ํ†ต์ œ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 171 ๋ถ€๋ก 5. ๋นˆ๊ณคํšŒ๊ท€๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ์ „์ฒด ๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 173 ๋ถ€๋ก 6. ์ œ5์žฅ ์ œ1์ ˆ์˜ ๋ถ€ํ‘œ 176 ๋ถ€๋ก 7. ์ œ5์žฅ ์ œ3์ ˆ์˜ ๋ถ€ํ‘œ 181 ๋ถ€๋ก 8. ์ •๊ทœ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž์™€ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž ๊ฐ„ ๊ท ๋“ฑํ™”๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์†Œ๋“๊ฒฉ์ฐจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋ถ„์„ 183 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 185 Abstract 195Docto

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ๊ณผํ•™๊ต์œก๊ณผ, 2015. 2. ๊น€์ฐฌ์ข….์ตœ๊ทผ ๊ณผํ•™ ๊ต์œก๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ ์ฃผ๋„์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ๊ณผํ•™ ํƒ๊ตฌ ํ•™์Šต์„ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณผํ•™์  ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ต์ˆ˜ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ๋†’์•„์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ง€๊ตฌ๊ณผํ•™์˜ ํƒ๊ตฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ๋“ค์€ ๋Œ€๊ฐœ ์ œํ•œ๋œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ์˜ ํƒ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ต๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ์•ผ์™ธ ์ง€์งˆ ๋‹ต์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ์ง€๊ตฌ๊ณผํ•™ ํ•™์Šต์˜ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๊ฐ๊ด‘๋ฐ›๋Š” ์ถ”์„ธ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ค‘ํ•™๊ต ์˜์žฌ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์•ผ์™ธ ์ง€์งˆ ํ˜„์žฅ ํ•™์Šต์— ๊ณผํ•™์  ๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ์ „๋žต์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์˜ ๊ณผํ•™์  ๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์–‘์ƒ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด ๊ณผ์ •์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค€ ์š”์ธ๋“ค์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ฐธ์—ฌ์ž๋Š” S๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๊ณผํ•™์˜์žฌ๊ต์œก์›์— ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋Š” ์ค‘ํ•™๊ต 2ํ•™๋…„ ํ•™์ƒ 20๋ช…์ด๋‹ค. ์•ผ์™ธ ์ง€์งˆ ํ˜„์žฅ ํ•™์Šต ์žฅ์†Œ๋Š” ์ „๋ถ ์ง„์•ˆ ๋งˆ์ด์‚ฐ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” ๋งˆ์ด์‚ฐ์˜ ํ˜•์„ฑ ๊ณผ์ •์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ๊ณผํ•™์  ๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ์ „๋žต์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ํ•œ ํ˜„์žฅ ํ•™์Šต์„ ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ˜„์žฅ ํ•™์Šต์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ๋‚  ๋‘ ์ฐจ๋ก€์˜ ์กฐ๋ณ„ ํ† ์˜ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๊ฐ€์กŒ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‚  ์•„์นจ์— ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์ „์ฒด ๋ฐœํ‘œ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๊ฑฐ์ณค๋‹ค. ์ด 5๊ฐœ ์กฐ(4์ธ 1์กฐ) ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ ํŠน์ƒ‰์ด ์žˆ๋Š” 3๊ฐœ ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ, ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ๊ฐ ์กฐ๋“ค์€ ๊ต์‚ฌ์ง„์ด ํ™œ๋™ ์ดˆ์— ์„ค์ •ํ•œ ๋ชฉํ‘œ ๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ํ‹€๊ณผ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์กฐ๋ณ„ ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ์ฃผ๋กœ ๊ด€์ฐฐ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์–ป์€ ์ •๋ณด๋“ค์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ต์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ ์†์—์„œ ๋ชจํ˜•์ด ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ๊ฐ ์กฐ์˜ ๋ชจํ˜•์€ ์ฃผ๋กœ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์˜ ๊ด€์ฐฐ ์‚ฌ์‹ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ถ”๋ก  ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๊ฑฐ์ณ ๋ชจํ˜•์ด ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๊ต์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ž…์ด ๋‘๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์กŒ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฃผ๋กœ ๊ด€์ฐฐ ์‚ฌ์‹ค๋“ค์„ ๊ต์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ™•์ธ์‹œ์ผœ ์ฃผ๊ณ , ์ด๋ฅผ ํ•™์ƒ์˜ ์ถ”๋ก ์„ ๊ฑฐ์ณ ๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ๋˜๋Š” ์–‘์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ „๊ฐœ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๋ฐ–์— ์กฐ์›๋“ค ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ์  ๋งฅ๋ฝ ํ•˜์—์„œ ๋…ผ์˜์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ์ „์ฒด์ ์ธ ๋ชจํ˜• ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณค๋‹ค. ๊ต์‹ค ๋‚ด์—์„œ์˜ ๊ณผํ•™์  ๋ชจํ˜• ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ์ˆ˜์—…์€ ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ •๋‹ต์„ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์œผ๋‚˜, ๊ต์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ํ•œ์ •๋œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์—… ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ–ฅํ•ด ๋…ผ์˜๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ์•ผ์™ธ ์ง€์งˆ ๋‹ต์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ด€์ฐฐ ์‚ฌ์‹ค๋“ค์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์˜ ํญ๋„“์€ ๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ๋ฐœ์ „์„ ์œ ๋„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ฐ์ž์˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋™๋ฃŒ์™€ ํ† ์˜๋ฅผ ํ•˜์—ฌ ์กฐ๋ณ„ ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ํ•ฉ์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ จ์˜ ๊ณผ์ •์ด ๊ณผํ•™์˜ ๋ณธ์„ฑ์„ ํ•จ์–‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋œ๋‹ค.โ… . ์„œ๋ก  1 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์  1 2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ 4 โ…ก. ์ด๋ก ์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 5 1. ๊ณผํ•™ ๊ต์œก์—์„œ์˜ ๊ณผํ•™์  ๋ชจํ˜• 5 2. ๊ณผํ•™ ๊ต์œก์—์„œ์˜ ๋ชจํ˜• ํ˜•์„ฑ๊ณผ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ตฌ์„ฑ 7 3. ์•ผ์™ธ ์ง€์งˆ ๋‹ต์‚ฌ 8 โ…ข. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 10 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์ž 10 ๊ฐ€. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ฐธ์—ฌ ์ง‘๋‹จ 10 ๋‚˜. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ฐธ์—ฌ ๊ฐ•์‚ฌ 11 ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ฐธ์—ฌ ํ•™์ƒ 11 2. ๊ฐ•์˜ ์„ค๊ณ„ - ๋งˆ์ด์‚ฐ์˜ ํ˜•์„ฑ ๊ณผ์ • 16 ๊ฐ€. ๋ชฉํ‘œ ๋ชจํ˜• ์„ค์ • 16 ๋‚˜. ํ™œ๋™ ๊ณผ์ • ์„ค๊ณ„ 17 3. ์ž๋ฃŒ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ 19 4. ์ž๋ฃŒ ๋ถ„์„ 20 โ…ฃ. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 23 1. 1์กฐ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ 23 ๊ฐ€. ์กฐ๋ณ„ ๋ชจํ˜• ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ ๊ณผ์ • 23 ๋‚˜. ์กฐ๋ณ„ ๋ชจํ˜• ํ˜•์„ฑ ๊ณผ์ •์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นœ ์š”์ธ 29 2. 2์กฐ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ 40 ๊ฐ€. ์กฐ๋ณ„ ๋ชจํ˜• ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ ๊ณผ์ • 40 ๋‚˜. ์กฐ๋ณ„ ๋ชจํ˜• ํ˜•์„ฑ ๊ณผ์ •์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นœ ์š”์ธ 44 3. 3์กฐ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ 56 ๊ฐ€. ์กฐ๋ณ„ ๋ชจํ˜• ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ ๊ณผ์ • 56 ๋‚˜. ์กฐ๋ณ„ ๋ชจํ˜• ํ˜•์„ฑ ๊ณผ์ •์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นœ ์š”์ธ 61 โ…ค. ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ๋ฐ ์ œ์–ธ 73 1. ๊ฒฐ๋ก  73 2. ์ œ์–ธ 76 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 79 ๋ถ€ ๋ก 84 Abstract 91Maste
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