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    ใ€Šํ”„๋ ๋ฅ˜๋“œ, ์ฝ”๋ž„๊ณผ ํ‘ธ๊ฐ€ใ€‹๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ) -- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์Œ์•…๋Œ€ํ•™ ์Œ์•…๊ณผ, 2021. 2. ์žฅํ˜•์ค€.๋ณธ๊ณ ๋Š” ๋‚ญ๋งŒ์ฃผ์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€ ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค ์ž‘๊ณก๊ฐ€ ์„ธ์ž๋ฅด ํ”„๋ž‘ํฌ(Cรฉsar Franck, 1822-1890)์˜ ํ”ผ์•„๋…ธ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ ใ€Šํ”„๋ ๋ฅ˜๋“œ, ์ฝ”๋ž„๊ณผ ํ‘ธ๊ฐ€ใ€‹์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ, ํ”„๋ž‘ํฌ ํ”ผ์•„๋…ธ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ์˜ค๋ฅด๊ฐ„์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ์˜ ์—ฐ์ฃผ ํ•ด์„์„ ๋‹ด์€ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ํ”„๋ž‘ํฌ๋Š” ํ”ผ์•„๋‹ˆ์ŠคํŠธ์ด์ž ์ž‘๊ณก๊ฐ€์ธ ๋™์‹œ์— ์˜ค๋ฅด๊ฐ€๋‹ˆ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœ, ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค์˜ ์ƒ๋œจ-๋Œ๋กœํ‹ธ๋“œ ์„ฑ๋‹น์—์„œ ์ผ์ƒ์„ ๋ด‰์งํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ƒ๋œจ-๋Œ๋กœํ‹ธ๋“œ ์„ฑ๋‹น์˜ ์˜ค๋ฅด๊ฐ„์€ ๋‚ญ๋งŒ์ฃผ์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€ ์˜ค๋ฅด๊ฐ„ ์ œ์ž‘์ž ๊บ„๋ฐ”์ด์˜ˆ-๊ผด์ด ์ œ์ž‘ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ, ๊ฑด๋ฐ˜๊ณผ ์Šคํ†ฑ, ๊ธฐํƒ€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์žฅ์น˜์ ์ธ ์ธก๋ฉด ๋“ฑ ๋‹ค๋ฐฉ๋ฉด์—์„œ ๊ฐœํ˜๋œ ์•…๊ธฐ์˜€๋‹ค. ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์˜ค๋ฅด๊ฐ„์—์„œ์˜ ์Œํ–ฅ์€ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ํ”„๋ž‘ํฌ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์— ์งยท๊ฐ„์ ‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŽ์€ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ใ€Šํ”„๋ ๋ฅ˜๋“œ, ์ฝ”๋ž„๊ณผ ํ‘ธ๊ฐ€ใ€‹๋Š” ํ”„๋ž‘ํฌ์˜ ํ›„๊ธฐ ํ”ผ์•„๋…ธ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์œผ๋กœ, ๊ฐ‘์ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์•…์ƒ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”, ์ €์Œ์—ญ๋Œ€์˜ ์„ ์œจ์„ฑ ์ฆ๋Œ€, ๊ด€์•…๊ธฐ์  ์ƒ‰์ฑ„, ํฐ ๋‹ค์ด๋‚ด๋ฏน ๋ณ€ํ™” ๋“ฑ์ด ํŠน์ง•์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ”„๋ž‘ํฌ ํ”ผ์•„๋…ธ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์˜ ํŠน์ง•๋“ค์„ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์˜ค๋ฅด๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฐœํ˜์ ๊ณผ ๊ฒฐ๋ถ€์ง€์–ด ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์„ ํƒ๊ตฌํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์ด๋กœ ๋ง๋ฏธ์•”์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ์˜ ์—ฐ์ฃผ ํ•ด์„์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ํฐ ํญ์˜ ๋‹ค์ด๋‚ด๋ฏน ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์•…๋ณด์— ๊ธฐ๋ณด๋œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์•…์ƒ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ• ์ง€, ์ ์ง„์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ• ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ์ฃผ์ž์˜ ์„ ํƒ์ด ์•…๊ณก์˜ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์ ์ธ ํŒŒ์•… ํ•˜์— ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ๋‘๊บผ์šด ํ…์Šค์ถ”์–ด์˜ ํŒจ์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃฐ ๋•Œ, ์—ฐ์ฃผ์ž๋Š” ๋งˆ์น˜ ์˜ค๋ฅด๊ฐ„์—์„œ์˜ ๋…์ž์  ์„ฑ๋ถ€ ์ง„ํ–‰๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ ์„ฑ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ์—ฐ์ฃผ์ž๋Š” ์ˆœ์‹๊ฐ„์— ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์Œ์ƒ‰์„ ๋งˆ์น˜ ์˜ค๋ฅด๊ฐ„์—์„œ์˜ ์Šคํ†ฑ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์Œ์ƒ‰ ๋ณ€ํ™”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ฆ‰๊ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋•Œ ํŠน์ • ํ”„๋ ˆ์ด์ฆˆ์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•˜๋Š” ํŠน์ • ์•…๊ธฐ์˜ ์Œ์ƒ‰์„ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ์ƒํ•˜์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ใ€Šํ”„๋ ๋ฅ˜๋“œ, ์ฝ”๋ž„๊ณผ ํ‘ธ๊ฐ€ใ€‹๋ฅผ ๊บ„๋ฐ”์ด์˜ˆ-๊ผด ์˜ค๋ฅด๊ฐ„์—์„œ ์˜ํ–ฅ ๋ฐ›์€ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ํ•ด์„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ”„๋ž‘ํฌ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์„ ๊ทธ์˜ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ ์—ฐ์ฃผ ํ•ด์„์— ๋งฅ๋ฝ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ๋ฐ์— ์˜์˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค.This study is for the performance interpretation of ใ€ŠPrรฉlude, Choral et Fugueใ€‹ by Cรฉsar Franck(1822-1890) from a new perspective. A French composer of the Romantic period, Franck, as an organist, served his entire life at the St. Clotilde Cathedral in France. The organ of the Cathedral was built by Cavaillรฉ-Coll, who made revolutionary improvements in the organ as a romantic instrument, and expressly for Franck. The new organ allowed the organist to produce the sound of symphonic orchestra without difficulty, due to innovations on manuals, stops, and other mechanical equipments such as coupler and swell box. And these kinds of sounds naturally had a decisive influence on other compositions by Franck, not only for the organ, but for other instruments as well, especially for his late works. ใ€ŠPrรฉlude, Choral et Fugueใ€‹, composed in Franckโ€™s later years, contains remarkable passages; such as sudden dynamic changes, intensification of bass lines, sound that brings up the image of wind instruments, tremendous crescendos or decrescendos, and so on. This appearance supports the assertion that ใ€ŠPrรฉlude, Choral et Fugueใ€‹ was also influenced by the new organ. Since there is an undeniable relationship between St. Clotilde Cathedralโ€™s organ and Franckโ€™s work, the performer who might play the pieces by Franck should consider some points. First of all, if there is an extreme change on dynamic marking, performers should choose the way of expression between organ and piano. Second, performers should treat the thick textures and numerous voices independently like playing on organ. Furthermore, performers should present each section with diverse timbre. Performers may not vaguely imagine some different tones, but they could imagine specific instrumentโ€™s timbres corresponding to a particular phrase. Eventually, the late works of Franck, including ใ€ŠPrรฉlude, Choral et Fugueใ€‹ had been affected by new organ at St. Clotilde Cathedral. Thus, this should be considered when the performers have their own interpretation of this piece.โ… . ์„œ ๋ก  1 โ…ก. ๋ณธ ๋ก  4 1. ํ”„๋ž‘ํฌ์˜ ์ƒ์•  4 2. ๊บ„๋ฐ”์ด์˜ˆ-๊ผด์˜ ์˜ค๋ฅด๊ฐ„ 7 3. ์ƒ๋œจ-๋Œ๋กœํ‹ธ๋“œ ์„ฑ๋‹น ์˜ค๋ฅด๊ฐ„๊ณผ ํ”„๋ ๋ฅ˜๋“œ, ์ฝ”๋ž„๊ณผ ํ‘ธ๊ฐ€ 11 3.1. ์˜ค๋ฅด๊ฐ„ ๊ฑด๋ฐ˜ ์žฅ์น˜์™€ ํ”„๋ ๋ฅ˜๋“œ, ์ฝ”๋ž„๊ณผ ํ‘ธ๊ฐ€ 13 3.2. ์˜ค๋ฅด๊ฐ„ ์Šคํ†ฑ ์žฅ์น˜์™€ ํ”„๋ ๋ฅ˜๋“œ, ์ฝ”๋ž„๊ณผ ํ‘ธ๊ฐ€ 26 3.3. ๊ธฐํƒ€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ์žฅ์น˜์™€ ํ”„๋ ๋ฅ˜๋“œ, ์ฝ”๋ž„๊ณผ ํ‘ธ๊ฐ€ 37 4. ํ”„๋ ๋ฅ˜๋“œ, ์ฝ”๋ž„๊ณผ ํ‘ธ๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ์ฃผํ•ด์„ 46 โ…ข. ๊ฒฐ ๋ก  66 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 69 Abstract 71Maste

    ํ•œ์† ๋ฌธ์ž ์ž…๋ ฅ ๊ณผ์—…์˜ ์—ฐ๋ น ํšจ๊ณผ์™€ ํ•™์Šต ๊ณก์„  ๋ถ„์„ : ๋ชจ๋ฐ”์ผ ๋ฌธ์ž ์ž…๋ ฅ ์†๋„ ์‚ฌ๋ก€

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :ํ˜‘๋™๊ณผ์ • ์ธ์ง€๊ณผํ•™์ „๊ณต,2006.Maste

    Association between body mass index with asthma : the 9th (2013) Korea youth risk behavior web-based survey

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    ์—ญํ•™์ „๊ณต/์„์‚ฌ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋น„๋งŒ ๋ฐ ์ฒœ์‹์˜ ์œ ๋ณ‘๋ฅ ์ด ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋งŒ๊ณผ ์ฒœ์‹๊ณผ์˜ ๊ด€๋ จ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์„ฑ์ธ๊ณผ ์†Œ์•„๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์˜ ๋น„๋งŒ๊ณผ ์ฒœ์‹์˜ ๊ด€๋ จ์„ฑ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋งŽ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์„ ๋Œ€ํ‘œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง‘๋‹จ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋น„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” 2013๋…„ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ–‰ํƒœ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ์กฐ์‚ฌ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋น„๋งŒ๊ณผ ์ฒœ์‹๊ณผ์˜ ๊ด€๋ จ์„ฑ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.๋Œ€์ƒ ๋ฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์€ 2013๋…„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•œ ์ œ 9์ฐจ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ–‰ํƒœ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ์กฐ์‚ฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ธ ์ „๊ตญ๋‹จ์œ„ ํ‘œ๋ณธ ์ถ”์ถœ๋œ ์ค‘, ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™์ƒ 72,435 ๋ช…์˜ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ ์žฅ๊ณผ ์ฒด์ค‘์€ ์„ค๋ฌธ์ง€์— ์ž‘์„ฑํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋ก์น˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฒด์งˆ๋Ÿ‰์ง€์ˆ˜(Body Mass Index = ์ฒด์ค‘(kg)/[์‹ ์žฅ(m)]ยฒ)๋ฅผ ์‚ฐ์ถœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ‰์ƒ(์˜์‚ฌ์ง„๋‹จ) ์ฒœ์‹์˜ ์ •์˜๋Š” โ€œํƒœ์–ด๋‚˜์„œ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ โ€˜์ฒœ์‹โ€™์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์˜์‚ฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ง„๋‹จ ๋ฐ›์€ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?โ€์˜ ๋ฌธํ•ญ์—์„œ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์„ค๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ตํ•œ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž๋กœ ์ •์˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ณ€๋Ÿ‰ ๋กœ์ง€์Šคํ‹ฑ ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜ค์ฆˆ๋น„๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ , 95% ์‹ ๋ขฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์„ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ „์ฒด 72,435๋ช…์˜ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„ ์ค‘ ๋‚จํ•™์ƒ์€ 36,655๋ช…(50.6%), ์—ฌํ•™์ƒ์€ 35,780๋ช… (49.4%)์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์˜ ํ‰์ƒ ์ฒœ์‹์˜ ์œ ๋ณ‘๋ฅ ์€ 9.3%์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋‚จํ•™์ƒ์˜ ์ฒœ์‹ ์œ ๋ณ‘๋ฅ ์€ 10.4% ์ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์—ฌํ•™์ƒ์€ 8.3%๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜ ๋‚จ, ์—ฌ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ์ฒด์งˆ๋Ÿ‰์ง€์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก ์ฒœ์‹ ์ถ”์ • ์œ ๋ณ‘๋ฅ  ๋˜ํ•œ ๋†’์Œ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚จ, ์—ฌ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„ ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ์ฒด์งˆ๋Ÿ‰์ง€์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ 1kg/mยฒ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก ํ‰์ƒ ์ฒœ์‹์˜ ์˜ค์ฆˆ๋น„๋Š” 1.02๋ฐฐ(95% CI: 1.00-1.04) ๋†’์•„์กŒ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด๋Š” ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.๊ฒฐ๋ก  ์ถ”ํ›„ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์˜ ์ฒœ์‹๊ณผ ๋น„๋งŒ์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์„ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฒœ์‹ ์ง„๋‹จ์— ์ž„์ƒ์  ํ‰๊ฐ€๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์ „ํ–ฅ์ ์ด๋ฉฐ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ์—ญํ•™์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋น„๋งŒ๊ณผ ์ฒœ์‹์˜ ์ธ๊ณผ์„ฑํ‰๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋œ๋‹ค.prohibitio

    (A) study of risks factor related to low back pain in civil airmen

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    ๋ณด๊ฑด์ •์ฑ… ๋ฐ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•™๊ณผ/์„์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€] ๊ณต์ค‘๊ทผ๋ฌด์ž์˜ ์š”ํ†ต๋ฐœ๋ณ‘ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ณ  ์ผ๋ฐ˜์  ํŠน์„ฑ, ์ง์—…์  ํŠน์„ฑ, ์‹ ์ฒดํ–‰์œ„ ํŠน์„ฑ, ํ”ผ๋กœ์ฆ์ƒ, ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ ๋ฐ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค์ ์ˆ˜์™€ ์š”ํ†ต ์œ ๋ฌด์™€์˜ ๊ด€๋ จ์„ฑ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ณ  ๊ทผ๋ฌดํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๊ฐœ์„ ๊ณผ ์š”ํ†ต์˜ ํฌ๊ด„์ ์ธ ์žฌํ™œ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์ž๋ฃŒ๋กœ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์€ ์„œ์šธ์ง€์—ญ์„ ๋‹จ์ˆœ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ 500๋ช…์„ ์ „์ˆ˜ ์กฐ์‚ฌ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ชฉ์ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณ ์•ˆ๋œ ์ž๊ธฐ๊ธฐ์ž…์‹ ์„ค๋ฌธ์ง€๋กœ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ 327๋งค(65.4%)๋ฅผ ํšŒ์ˆ˜ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ์ด์ค‘์— 276๋งค(55.2%)์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์กฐ์‚ฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์€ 1998๋…„ 4์›” 15์ผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 5์›” 9์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ๋ถ„์„๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ SAS๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ฯ‡**2-๊ฒ€์ •, t-๊ฒ€์ •, 1์š”์ธ๋ถ„์‚ฐ๋ถ„์„, ๋กœ์ง€์Šคํ‹ฑํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„์ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. 1. ๊ณต์ค‘๊ทผ๋ฌด์ž์˜ ์š”ํ†ต๋ฐœ๋ณ‘ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด 276๋ช…์ค‘ 64.9%(179๋ช…)์ด๊ณ , ์Šน๋ฌด์›์ด 77.1%, ์กฐ์ข…์‚ฌA(๋ฏผํ•ญ๊ธฐ)๊ฐ€ 50.0%, ์กฐ์ข…์‚ฌB(์ „ํˆฌ๊ธฐ)๋Š” 52.2%์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. 2. ์š”ํ†ต์˜ ์›์ธ์€ ์Šน๋ฌด์› ์ค‘ 72.2%๊ฐ€ "๋ฌผ๊ฑด ๋“ค๊ธฐ"์ด์—ˆ๊ณ , ์กฐ์ข…์‚ฌA์˜ 53.9%๊ฐ€ "์žฅ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์•‰๊ธฐ"์ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์กฐ์ข…์‚ฌB์ค‘ 52.9%๊ฐ€ "์žฅ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์•‰๊ธฐ์™€ ๊ต์œกํ›ˆ๋ จ"์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. 3. ๊ฐ ์ง‘๋‹จ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์  ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๋ น, ์‹ ์žฅ๊ณผ ์ฒด์ค‘์€ ์ •์ƒ๊ตฐ๊ณผ ์š”ํ†ต๊ตฐ๊ฐ„์— ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค. 4. ๊ฐ ์ง‘๋‹จ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ง์—…์  ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์›”ํ‰๊ท  ๊ณต์ค‘๊ทผ๋ฌด์‹œ๊ฐ„, ์ด๋น„ํ–‰์‹œ๊ฐ„, ์›”ํœด์‹์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ฐ ๊ทผ๋ฌด๋…„์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ •์ƒ๊ตฐ๊ณผ ์š”ํ†ต๊ตฐ๊ฐ„์— ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค. 5. ๊ฐ ์ง‘๋‹จ๊ฐ„์˜ ์‹ ์ฒดํ–‰์œ„ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์Šน๋ฌด์›๊ณผ ์กฐ์ข…์‚ฌB๋Š” ์š”ํ†ต๊ตฐ์—์„œ ํ—ˆ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋ถ€๋ ค์„œ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ์ž‘์—…์ž์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์•˜๊ณ (p<0.05), ์กฐ์ข…์‚ฌA๋Š” ์š”ํ†ต๊ตฐ์—์„œ ์ž‘์—…์˜์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ถˆํŽธํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์™€ ๊ตฌ๋ถ€๋ ค์„œ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ์ž‘์—…์ž์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์•˜๋‹ค(p<0.05). ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ ์ง‘๋‹จ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ •์ƒ๊ตฐ๊ณผ ์š”ํ†ต๊ตฐ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ง„๋™, ์†Œ์Œ ๋ฐ ์šด๋™์€ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค. 6. ๊ฐ ์ง‘๋‹จ๊ฐ„์˜ ํ”ผ๋กœ์ฆ์ƒ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์Šน๋ฌด์›์€ ์š”ํ†ต๊ตฐ์—์„œ ์‹ ์ฒด์ฆ์ƒ์„ ๋งŽ์ด ํ˜ธ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๊ณ (p<0.05), ์กฐ์ข…์‚ฌB๋Š” ์š”ํ†ต๊ตฐ์—์„œ ์‹ ์ฒด์ฆ์ƒ๊ณผ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ฐ๊ฐ์  ์ฆ์ƒ์„ ๋งŽ์ด ํ˜ธ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค(p<0.01). ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์กฐ์ข…์‚ฌA์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ตฐ๊ฐ„์— ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค. 7. ๊ฐ ์ง‘๋‹จ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„์™€ ์—…๋ฌด๊ด€๋ จ์„ฑ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์„ธ ์ง‘๋‹จ ์ค‘์—์„œ ์Šน๋ฌด์›์ด ์š”ํ†ต๊ตฐ์—์„œ ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ(p<0.05), ์กฐ์ข…์‚ฌA์™€ ์กฐ์ข…์‚ฌB๋Š” ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐ›์„์ˆ˜๋ก ์ •์ƒ๊ตฐ๊ณผ ์š”ํ†ต๊ตฐ๊ฐ„์— ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.(p<0.05). 8. ์š”ํ†ต์œ ๋ฌด์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ์š”์ธ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์Šน๋ฌด์›์€ ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๊ฐ€ 1์  ๋†’์•„์ง์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์š”ํ†ต์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ๋น„์ฐจ๋น„๋Š” 0.8๋ฐฐ๋กœ ํ†ต๊ณ„ํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚ฎ์•„์กŒ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์กฐ์ข…์‚ฌA์™€ ์กฐ์ข…์‚ฌB์—์„œ๋Š” ์ž‘์—…์ž์„ธ์™€ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์ค‘ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„๋ชจํ˜•์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ ์ž‘์—…์ž์„ธ์—์„œ ํ—ˆ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ ๋ถ€๋ ค์„œ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ์กฐ์ข…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ—ˆ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํŽด์„œ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ์กฐ์ข…์‚ฌ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์š”ํ†ต์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์œ„ํ—˜์ด 1.4๋ฐฐ(์กฐ์ข…์‚ฌA), 4.9๋ฐฐ(์กฐ์ข…์‚ฌB)์ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค์ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ 1์  ๋†’์•„์ง์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ƒ๋Œ€์œ„ํ—˜๋„๋Š” 14.1๋ฐฐ(์กฐ์ข…์‚ฌA), 4.9๋ฐฐ(์กฐ์ข…์‚ฌB)๋กœ ๋†’์•˜๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ง์—…์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์™€ ๊ทผ๋ฌด ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์š”ํ†ต์ด ๋ฐœ๋ณ‘๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์˜์ž๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์Šต๊ด€์  ์ž์„ธ, ํ”ผ๋กœ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ ๋ฐ–์˜ ์š”์ธ์—์„œ ๊ธฐ์ธํ•˜๋Š” ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์š”ํ†ต์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์š”ํ†ต์˜ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์š”์ถ”๋ฅผ ์ ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ง€์ง€ํ•ด ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜์ž์˜ ์„ค์น˜, ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ํœด์‹์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ œ๊ณต ๋ฐ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์‹ ์ฒด์‚ฌ์šฉ ์›๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ต์œก์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋œ๋‹ค. [์˜๋ฌธ] The purpose of this study was to investigate risk factors of low back pain in civil airmen who usually work in standing and sitting position and to use this information as basis for the back rehabilitation. The study was done by analyzing general, occupational and physical factors as well as fatigue, job satisfaction and stress of the study subjects. Subjects of this study were randomly selected 276 civil airmen who had been employed at 4 airports in Seoul. This information was gathered between April 15, 1998 and Mav 9, 1998 by means of structured questionaires. These data were analyzed by ฯ‡**2, t-test, ANOVA, and multiple logistic regression using SAS. The results were as follows: 1. The prevalence of low back pain among 276 civil airmen was 64.9%. The prevalence for stewardess(77.1%) was higher than that of aircrew A-passenger plane(50.0%) and aircrew B-fighter plane (52.2%). 2. The most common cause of low back pain was load lifting(stewardess), long sitting(aircrew A), and long sitting plus training(aircrew B). 3. There were no statistically significant associations between age, height, body weight and low back pain. 4. On the relationship of back pain to occupational characteristics no statistically significant relationships were found among the average monthly working time, total working time, average monthly rest time, working year and low back pain. 5. There was statistically significant relationship between abnormal posture and low back pain(p<0.01). But vibration, noise and exercise did not appear to have significant influence on low back pain. 6. There was no statistically significant relationship between fatigue and low back pain in aircrew A. There was statistically significant relationship between fatigue and low back pain among stewardess and aircrew B. 7. There was statistically significant relationship between job satisfaction and job-related stress(p<0.05). 8. In stewardess higher, satisfaction score was associated with less likelihood of low back pain(odds ratio=0.80). Those working in bending position had height risk 0.R.=1.4:1 in aircrew A and 0.R.=4.9 in aircrew B. With increase of 1 point in stress score the likelihood of low back pain increased significantly(0.R.= 1.42 in aircrew A, 0.R.=1.52 in aircrew B). The results of this study indicate that .civil airmen developed chronicity of low back pain due to unfit seat, poor habitual posture, fatigue symptom and stress or other risk factors. Therefore, there is a need to improve the working environment, i.e, sufficient amount of rest a seat that supports lumbar spine properly, and provision of comprehensive rehabilitation program including proper body mechanics for the prevention of posture related low back pain.restrictio

    ์ƒ๋ถ„ํ•ด ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ์ŠคํŒจ์–ด์— ๋‚ด์žฅ๋œ ์œ ๋‘์นจ์ง€์ œ์™€ ์œ ๋ฐฉ๋‚ด์ฃผ์ž…์ œ์˜ ๋ณ‘์šฉ์ฒ˜์น˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฑด์œ ์šฐ ์œ ๋ฐฉ๊ฐ์—ผ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :์ˆ˜์˜ํ•™๊ณผ ์ˆ˜์˜๋‚ด๊ณผํ•™์ „๊ณต,2003.Maste
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