Utilization of the Computerized Medical Error Reporting System for Improving Patient Safety among Korean Hospitals

This study aimed (1) to investigate the utilization of the reporting system for the medical errors among Korean hospitals. (2) to investigate the utilization of computerized reporting system for the medical errors among Korean hospitals. Methods: Among 283 Chairs of the nursing department surveyed, 99(34.98%) returned the completed self-report questionnaire. A questionnaire devised by researchers was used for a survey through mail. Data were analyzed using SPSS 10.0. Results: Seventy four hospitals(75.51%) had official reporting systems, and 46 hospitals(47.42%) had official reporting procedures of medical error. The responsible staffs reporting to the president include department head(91.14%), administrative officer(8.86%), and the involved person(s)(5.06%). Forty four hospitals(44.90%) did not guarantee anonymity in reporting or recording medical errors. Medical errors were reported mostly on the paper(75hospitals, 76.53%) or verbally, and only three hospitals(3.06%) used the computerized reporting system. Conclusion: Systemic evaluation of the medical errors based on the prompt and voluntary report is an essential step to reduce systemic errors and improve patient safety. To guarantee anonymity and non-punitive treatment to the reporting, a computerized reporting system should be actively utilized in Korea.OAIID:oai:osos.snu.ac.kr:snu2004-01/102/0000028528/2SEQ:2PERF_CD:SNU2004-01EVAL_ITEM_CD:102USER_ID:0000028528EMP_ID:A076124DEPT_CD:811FILENAME:03 환자안전 향상을 위한 종합병원의 전산화된 사건보고 시스템 운영 실태조사.pdfDEPT_NM:간호학과EMAIL:[email protected]_YN:NCONFIRM:

Nurses' perception of the hospital environment and communication process related to patient safety in Korea

A survey was conducted with 886 nurses working at the university hospitals using the AHRQ_KR. Nurses perception of patient safety was described regarding the seven areas: working environment, manager's perception of patient safety, communication channel and process, frequency of report, overall patient safety, cooperation of managers and collaboration between units, and the number of reported cases for the medical error during the last 12 months. We found that Korean nurses perception evaluated by the AHRQ_KR ranged from 3.33 to 4.03. Nurses' perception of their work environment and communication process related to patient safety varies depending on their age, working experience, and working area. Nation wide surveys need to be conducted with other health professionals such as physicians, pharmacists, and hospital administrators. Additionally, call for investment to develop a hospital information system that can be the most cost-effective and innovative way to improve patient safety is urgent.OAIID:oai:osos.snu.ac.kr:snu2004-01/102/0000028528/1SEQ:1PERF_CD:SNU2004-01EVAL_ITEM_CD:102USER_ID:0000028528EMP_ID:A076124DEPT_CD:811FILENAME:01 환자안전과 관련된 병원환경 및 의사소통과정에 대한 한국 간호사의 인식조사.pdfDEPT_NM:간호학과EMAIL:[email protected]_YN:NCONFIRM:

Physician's perception of and attitudes towards patient safety culture and medical error reporting

The objectives of this study were (1) to describe doctors' perception and attitudes toward patient safety culture and medical error reporting in their working unit and hospitals, (2) to examine whether these perception and attitudes differ by doctors' characteristics, such as sex, position, and specialties, and (3) to understand the relationship between overall perception of patient safety in their working unit and each sub-domain of patient safety culture. A survey was conducted with 135 doctors working in a university hospital in Korea. After descriptive analyses and chi-square tests of subgroup differences, a multivariateregression of overall perception of patient safety in their unit with sub-domains of patient safety culture was conducted. Overall, a significant proportion of doctors expressed negative perception of their working units' patient safety culture, many reporting potentials for patient safety problems to occur in their unit. They also negatively viewed their hospital leadership's commitment on patient safety. Regarding the patient safety in their working unit, doctors were most worried about staffing level and observance of safety procedures. Most doctors did not know how and which medical error to report. They also perceived that medical errors would work against them personally and penalize them. About 22 percent of respondents believed that even seriously harmful medical errors were not reported.OAIID:oai:osos.snu.ac.kr:snu2005-01/102/0000028528/4SEQ:4PERF_CD:SNU2005-01EVAL_ITEM_CD:102USER_ID:0000028528ADJUST_YN:NEMP_ID:A076124DEPT_CD:811FILENAME:07 환자안전문화와 의료과오 보고에 대한 의사의 인식 조사연구.pdfDEPT_NM:간호학과EMAIL:[email protected]:

(Veridi의 초기 작품중) "Oberto" 에 대한 연구

The western opera, had gradually been varied for a long time, from 1597 io 1800's, and finally accomplished as a real opera in Romantic period. Operas, included Mozart, were changed in some respects, text, rationalization of overture and skillful expresson of felling, by the influence of Gluck's renovation in that field. But, they ware imitated in Italian fashion in the first, part, of Mozart's period an finally became their own characteristic style of German opera. After composition of 「Die Zauberfl□te」 by mozurt, only 「freischutz」 by weber had been performed for 30 years. Though the western operas in the 19th century seemed to be developed outwardly, they could not be evaded from their deterioration inwardly. But, they had finally met their turning point, on account of apperences of Rossini's opera buffa and Bellini's inspring works - which were very expert in expression of musical techniques. In the gerneral researches, the connection with. Verdi's opera both phsical.as well as mental development, research about 「oberto」 which was one of his early works are described in the main discourse of this report. According to the study of 「oberto」 we come to fine that verdi had a period of imitations of his seniors; Donizetti; Rossini and Bellini adapted to his style of composition same as mozart did in his early style . Even if he had had the imitation period. He had porsessed powerful mainspring of activity in displaying his musical effect dramatically, his works done from the end of the middle part to the last can be kept permanent generation. Therefore, in the point, of simillar parts which could be called an imitation compared with his seniors, and at the same time, tried to reveal the face of his self-characterized style as much as his former days of imitation which can be counted as a scant, part of his precreation.;서양 Opera의 발달은 1597년부터 1800년대에 이르기 까지 오랜 시일을 두고 변모 발전되어 낭만기에 이르러 비로소 Opera다운 Opera를 형성 했다. Mozart에 이르기 까지의 Opera는 Gluck의 개혁의 파도가 휩쓴 후 음악의 가사, 서곡의 합리화 감정표현의 원숙함이 이루어 졌지만 Mozart의 초기에 있었던 이태리의 모방 Opera가 점차 독일 Opera의 독자성을 창조 했다. Mozart의 「마적」이후 30년간 겨우 Beethoven의 「Fidelio」와 Weber의 「자유사수」만이 햇빛을 보게 되고 그 후 낭만주의가 발전하여 19세기 이태리 Opera의 발전은 표면적으로 화려하게 되었지만 내용은 저조함을 면치 못하다가 Rossini의 Opera Buffa, Bellini의 성악적 기교를 나타내는 표현력이 강한 감동적인 작품이 나오게 되므로서 이태리 Opera의 전환을 이룩하게 된 것이다. 본론에서 다룬 Verdi의 음악과의 연관성, 성장, 교육 등 일반적인 고찰과 그의 창작기를 3대분하여 그 중의 초기중에 창작한 「OBERTO」에 관하여 연구한 결과 Mozart도 그의 작품을 창작할 때 모방기를 가졌드시, Verdi도 그의 선배 Donizetti, Rossini 및 Bellini 등의 작풍과 수법을 모방한 시기를 가졌다는 사실에 비추어 비록 모방의 시기가 있었을지라도 그의 강력하고 극적인 음악 효과를 유감없이 발휘할 수 있는 원동력을 소유한 까닭에 그의 창작중 중기 이후에서부터 말기까지 창작한 작품들이 대작으로서 영구히 생명력을 지속살 수 있다는 것이다. 그러므로 초기작품 「OBERTO」에서 그 내용을 분석하며 선배작품들과 비교하여 유사한 부분, 즉 모방이라고 판단할 수 있는 점을 열거하면서 여기에서 그의 작품중 독자성을 파악하려는 것이다.I. 서론 1 A. 연구목적 및 의의 1 B. 역사적 배경 2 II. Verdi 생장, 교육 및 창작 5 A. 생장 5 B. 교육과 창작 8 C. Verdi의 음악성향 12 D. Verdi Opera 창작의 3구분 16 III. 초기 Opera 「OBERTO」 및 NABUCO 19 A.「OBERTO」 19 B. NABUCO 26 IV. Oberto의 내용과 여러 비교점들 29 A.「OBERTO」의 내용 29 B. 다른작품과 비교 32 V. 결론 41 참고문헌 43 Summary 4

Critical care nurses' beliefs about and reported management of anxiety

• BACKGROUND: Anxiety is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Critical care nurses are uniquely positioned to reduce anxiety in their patients. Critical care nurses' beliefs about and frequency of use of strategies to reduce anxiety have not been studied. • OBJECTIVES: To explore critical care nurses' beliefs about the importance of anxiety management and to describe nurses' reported use of strategies to manage anxiety in their patients. • METHODS: A random sample (N = 2500) of members of the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses was asked to complete the Critical Care Nurse Anxiety Identification and Management Survey. • RESULTS: Respondents (n=783) were primarily female (92%), white (88.5%) staff nurses (74.1%) who thought that anxiety is potentially harmful (mean, 4.1; SD, 0.8; range, 1 = no harm to 5 = life-threatening harm), that anxiety management is important (mean, 4.8; SD, 0.6; range, 1 = not important to 5 = very important), and that effective anxiety management is beneficial (mean, 4.6; SD, 0.6; range, 1 = no benefit to 5 = profound benefit). A majority commonly used pharmacological management; most also used information and communication interventions. Fewer subjects used the presence of patients' family members to alleviate patients' anxiety; few reported using stress-reduction techniques. • CONCLUSION: Most respondents thought that treating anxiety is important and beneficial. Commonly used strategies included pharmacological relief of anxiety and pain and information and communication interventions. Although these strategies are useful, they may not effectively reduce anxiety in all patients

Anxiety is not manifested by elevated heart rate and blood pressure in acutely ill cardiac patients

Background: Accurate assessment of anxiety in cardiac patients is important because anxiety is associated with adverse outcomes. Clinicians often use heart rate and blood pressure as indicators of anxiety; however, little is known about whether these measures accurately reflect anxiety in acutely ill patients. Aims: The purpose of this study was to determine whether heart rate and blood pressure were related to level of anxiety in patients with chronic advanced heart failure (HF), patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and healthy individuals. Methods and Results: In this descriptive, correlational study, anxiety, heart rate, and blood pressure were measured at the same time in three groups of individuals: (1) 54 patients hospitalized for AMI; (2) 32 patients with chronic advanced HF; and (3) 31 healthy individuals. State anxiety was measured using the anxiety subscale of the Brief Symptom Inventory. Heart rate and blood pressure data were collected immediately prior to the anxiety assessment. Data were collected in the outpatient setting for patients with HF and healthy individuals. For patients with AMI, data were collected a mean of 48±33 h after admission. There were no correlations between anxiety and heart rate or diastolic blood pressure. Higher anxiety was associated with lower systolic blood pressure in patients with AMI (r=-0.23, P<0.05) and in healthy individuals (r=-0.27, P<0.05). Conclusion: Elevated heart rate and blood pressure do not accurately reflect level of anxiety as reported by patients with HF or AMI and healthy individuals, and thus cannot be used to assess anxiety in acutely ill patients. Clinicians who use changes in heart rate or blood pressure as indicators of anxiety may fail to recognize and treat anxiety, placing their patients at high risk for both immediate and long-term complications. © 2004 European Society of Cardiology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

A five-country comparison of anxiety early after acute myocardial infarction

Background: Anxiety is common after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and has the potential to negatively affect physical and psychosocial recovery. There have been no cross-cultural comparisons of anxiety among AMI patients. Aims: To evaluate whether anxiety after AMI differs across five diverse countries and to determine whether an interaction between country, and sociodemographic and clinical variables contributes to variations in reporting anxiety. Methods and Results: A total of 912 individuals with confirmed AMI were enrolled in this prospective, comparative, cross-cultural study. Anxiety was assessed within 72 h of hospital admission using the Brief Symptom Inventory. The mean level of anxiety in the entire sample was 0.62±0.76, which is 44% higher than the normal mean level. Anxiety levels were not significantly different among the countries with the exception that patients in England reported lower levels of anxiety than those in the US (P=0.03). However, this difference disappeared after controlling for sociodemographic variables on which the countries differed. Conclusion: Patients from each country studied experienced high anxiety after AMI. Even though various cultures were represented in this study, culture itself did not account for variations in anxiety after AMI. It appears that anxiety after AMI is a universal phenomenon. © 2004 European Society of Cardiology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

A Study on Performance Evaluation for Arts and Culture Education Professional Training Program Using the AHP Model

문화예술교육 전문인력 양성사업은 문화예술 전문인력의 역량 강화와 전문성 제고를 통해 문화예술교육의 질적·양적 확산은 물론 전문인력의 일자리 창출에도 기여하였다. 본 연구는 AHP(Analysis of Hierarchy Process)를 이용하여 사업평가와 EC의 사업평가방법론에 따라 사업과정을 투입-운영-성과 및 영향으로 구분하여 정성·정량적 평가지표로 분석하였다. 평가결과 2010년 사업의 종합점수는 66.9점으로 보통 이상의 수준을 나타내었고, 영역별로는 영향(79.4), 운영(64.6), 성과(64.5), 투입(62.7) 등에서도 보통 이상의 성과를 이루었다. 2010년도 사업은 이전에 비해 전문인력의 사업 참여기회가 확대되었지만, 직업 안정성 측면에서 취약점을 드러냈다. 따라서 본 사업은 청년실업을 해소하는 사회 일자리 창출사업과 차별화가 필요하며 사업의 원활한 추진을 위해 문화기반시설 및 문화예술교육 양성 전문인(산학연계) 등과의 협의를 통한 문화예술교육 발전과 활성화 방안을 모색해야 할 것이다.The training program to foster arts and culture education professionals that has contributed to the qualitative and quantitative expansion of arts and culture education as well as the creation of jobs for professionals. This study evaluated the training program for evaluation based on a hierarchical structure corresponding to the nature of the training program by using the Analysis of Hierarchy Process(AHP). Specifically, this study divided the processes of the project into 'Input', 'Operation', 'Result' and 'Effect' in accordance to the EC evaluation method. According to the results, it was found to have achieved above average in performance, receiving an overall score of 66.9 for the year 2010. Among individual processes, 'Effect' received the highest score of 79.4 followed by 'Operation' 64.6, 'Result' 64.5 and 'Input' 62.7. The results showed that the program provided more opportunities in 2010 than in previous years for professionals to participate, but showed weakness in terms of job stability

A Survey of Nurses' Perception of Patient Safety Related to Hospital Culture and Reports of Medical Errors

Purpose: Purposes of this study were (1) to describe nurses' perception of hospital organization culture regarding patient safety culture and reporting medical errors, and (2) to identify factors associated with perception of patient safety and nurses' safety management. Method: A survey was conducted with 886 nurses using the Korean version of the AHRQ patient safety survey, a self-report 5-point Likert scale. SPSS 10.0 was used for descriptive and correlation analysis. Results: The mean for working environment related to patient safety was 3.41(±0.35), and associated factors were nurses' age, duration of working in present hospital, unit, and special area, direct contact with patients, and the work unit or area. Among organizational culture factors related to patient safety, means were 3.81(±0.54) for boss/managers' perception of patient safety and 3.37(±0.49) for cooperation/collaboration between units. Mean number of errors reported by nurses was 3.68(±0.38) times over the past 12 months. For incidence reporting, the items that nurses perceived communication among clinicians as fair had a mean of 3.53(±0.46) and 'the frequency of reporting was good', 4.03(±0.69). Conclusion: Korean nurses' perception of hospital environment, organizational culture, and incidence reporting was above average and mostly associated with their work experience and position.본 연구는 2003년도 한국학술진흥재단의 협동연구지원사업의 연구비(2003_042_E00135)를 지원받음