Job Analysis for Developing Vocational Education and Training Course

본 연구는 각 기관에서 목적별로 다양하게 이루어지고 있는 직무분석 실시 및 활용 실태를 파악하여 향후 효율적인 직업교육훈련에 관련된 직무분석 사업 방향을 제시하고, 교육·훈련·자격의 일관성 있는 연계 체제 구축을 위한 직무분석 방법 및 절차 모형을 개발하는 데 목적이 있다. 또한, 사업으로는 동일한 직무분석을 통한 직업교육훈련과정 및 출제기준의 기초 자료를 지속적으로 개발·보급하는 데 있다.1. Outline Job analysis is essential in the development of vocational education and training course as well as developing guidelines for vocational qualification exams. However, due to inadequacy in systematic job analysis in the past, development and revision of educational programs, vocational training standards and guidelines for examination questions not only lack efficiency and connectivity, but are also becoming a waste of resources. Purpose of the research lies in developing methods of job analysis and procedure models for establishment of a system that efficiently links education, training and qualification by understanding the job analysis conducted by various institutions. The purpose also lies in developing basic materials for vocational education and training course as well as developing guidelines for examination questions through job analysis on 10 promising occupations in the field of information communications as a project. Contents of the research are as follows: First, characteristics as well as strengths and weaknesses of the job analysis conducted when developing curriculum for schools, guidelines for vocational training, qualification category and guidelines for examination questions, and job dictionary were examined, and job analysis methods for development of education, training and qualification in connection with one another were studied. Second, to establish job analysis methods and procedures, the contents, methods and procedures of job analysis conducted by Korea Research Institute for Vocational Education ＆ Training along with development of curriculum for vocational high schools, curriculum for junior colleges, guidelines for vocational training and examination questions of Human Resources Development Services of Korea as well as development of job dictionary, were analyzed. Third, since the form used in job analysis must be appropriate for description of job contents, the form was designed so that anyone would have an easy understanding of the contents. The research collected and analyzed previous job analysis-related research data as well as materials regarding the current status of job analysis at various institutions, and apprehended issues for improvement and degree of utilization by analyzing the questionnaire attached to the job analysis material for 2000. In addition, the actual status of job analysis conducted by various institutions was investigated and person(s) with experience in developing curriculum, person(s) in charge of job analysis for enterprises and person(s) in charge of producing questions for national qualification exams were interviewed, for development of the job analysis guidebook. Furthermore, a conference of specialists was held to examine the proposed job analysis guidebook, which will become applicable in 2001, and to select occupations that will be the subject of job analysis. The report is divided into; Part I - Research for developing job analysis methods and procedure models, and Part II - Job analysis project for developing vocational education and training course. 2. Job Analysis Model for Developing Vocational Education and Training Course Out of various methods of job analysis examined in terms of theoretical perspective, the job analysis model for developing vocational education and training course reflects the characteristics of job analysis materials that can be utilized in development of curriculum, vocational training standards, guidelines for examination questions as well as creating contents for job dictionary for providing vocational and career information, and developing career guidance and teaching materials. DACUM method, which is valuable in curriculum development, was applied to the job analysis, and 5 rounds of conferences were held with industrial specialists possessing abundant on-site experience and training specialists. Furthermore, since job details can be influenced by the knowledge level of participants and biased opinions can be presented by those participating in the analysis using the Brainstorming and DACUM methods, three on-site inspections that inspect materials and data were conducted at each stage to prevent such issues. Accordingly, a six-step job analysis development procedure for joint development of vocational education and training course and guidelines for examination questions was set up as follows: ● Step 1 : Preparation for job analysis - Method : examination of data, interviews, selection of specialists - Details : collect information on related technology, establish a proposal for scope and level of jobs, prepare a draft of occupational specification ● Step 2 : Establishment of job model - Method : the 1st conference of specialists, the 1st on-site inspection - Details : establish job definition, scope of responsibility/task, complete occupational specification and prepare job specification ● Step 3 : Obtain knowledge, function and tool - Method : the 2nd conference of specialists, the 2nd on-site inspection - Details : establish task factors, determine accomplishment level, obtain knowledge·function·tool This is the stage where the constituent for vocational education and training course is obtained, thus, the most important part of the job analysis. Therefore, theoretical knowledge and functions needed in implementing task factors as well as additional technology or functions that accompany implementation of tasks must also be obtained. ● Step 4 : Development of course and curriculum - Method : the 3rd conference of specialists - Details : prepare task/knowledge·function·tool matrix, develop course and curriculum, prepare task/course matrix ● Step 5 : "Detailization" of the contents of education and training - Method : the 4th conference of specialists - Details : prepare course profile, curriculum profile and road map ● Step 6 : Establishment of guidelines for examination questions - Method : the 5th conference of specialists, the 3rd on-site inspection - Details : prepare guidelines for examination questions for the first exam, prepare guidelines for examination questions for the second exam, prepare final report 3. Job Analysis Project Out of 30 occupations that are the subject of vocational research, ten were selected, which include occupations that can be operated as a vocational education and training program in vocational education and training institutes, occupations that require an imminent need for development and distribution due to insufficient development status at current time, and those that have not been developed recently. Occupations chosen for the job analysis are information system analyst, web programmer, customer relationship management consultant, customer engineer, firmware engineer, mobile network manager, web PD, system administrator, cyber education manager, and medical information system officer. Job analysis was conducted according to the newly established job analysis procedure and form for the 10 occupations mentioned above, and as a result, knowledge, function and tool were obtained and vocational education and training course as well as guidelines for examination questions were developed.연구요약 제1부 직무분석 방법 및 절차 모형 개발 연구 1 Ⅰ. 서 론 1 1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적 1 2. 연구의 내용 3 3. 연구의 방법 6 4. 연구의 분석틀 및 관련 용어의 정의 9 5. 보고서 구성 및 연구의 제한 13 Ⅱ. 직무분석의 이론적 고찰 15 1. 직무분석의 발달과정 및 정의 15 2. 직무분석의 필요성 및 목적 19 3. 직무분석의 기법 21 4. 직무분석 관련 용어의 개념 31 Ⅲ. 직무분석의 활용실태 및 접근방법 35 1. 직무분석 활용실태 35 2. 직무분석 접근방법 57 3. 직무분석의 특징 및 시사점 69 Ⅳ. 직업교육훈련과정 개발을 위한 직무분석 모형 79 1. 설문조사 79 2. 직업교육훈련과정 개발을 위한 직무분석 모형 82 Ⅴ. 활용 방안 143 1. 주요 단원별 해석 143 2. 활용 방안 146 제2부 직업교육훈련과정 개발을 위한 직무분석 사업 151 Ⅰ. 직종선정 배경 151 Ⅱ. 10직종 직무분석 결과 요약 155 1. 정보시스템분석사 155 2. 웹프로그래머 158 3. CRM전문가 159 4. 고객지원전문가(CE) 163 5. 펌웨어엔지니어 165 6. 이동통신망운용관리자 168 7. 웹피디 171 8. 시스템관리자 174 9. 사이버교육운영자 177 10. 의료정보시스템관리사 180 Ⅲ. 직업적성과 직업기초능력에 대한 종합분석 185 1. 직업적성설문 분석 185 2. 직업기초능력설문 분석 187 참고문헌 189 Abstract 193 부 록 19

An Approach to composing a structured model from validated submodels

Maste

ning

Docto

Cost and Benefit Analysis of Acquiring National Technical Qualification

본 연구는 국가기술자격 취득 및 운용에 지출되는 개인과 정부의 투자 비용을 산출하여 국가기술자격에 대한 투자 실태를 분석하고, 자격으로 인한 효과를 금전적, 비금전적 측면에서 분석하여 국가기술자격의 효과에 대한 정확한 자료를 제공하며, 그 효과를 높일 수 있는 개선 방안을 모색하는 데 목적이 있다.1. Introduction National technical qualification has the meaning of the human resource investment as same as vocational education and training in functional and quantitative aspects. Although there have been many studies about the cost and benefit analysis on the vocational education and training, cost and benefit analysis on acquisition of national technical qualification was provided by limited sources. This study tried to analyze the current status of investment on national technical qualification and to provide accurate information about the effects on national technical qualification using pecuniary and non-pecuniary methods. To achieve the purpose of this study, several research methods were employed. Those research methods included a review of related literatures, data analysis, consulting from specialists, and investigation and interviewing for the development of effective items of qualification system. 2. Value of national technical qualification Companies require the information about the ability of applicant, and the individual needs the information about the requirement for the job, and pecuniary and non-pecuniary compensation in the aspect of labor supply. The qualification plays an important role to fulfill this information as the same as the educational level. The relation between education level and qualification has substitutional relationship in the same aspect of delivery of market signal in the labor market. The acquisition of qualification intensify the delivery function of market signal by schooling. Therefore, the relation between schooling and qualification can be changed by the individual and marketable circumstances. Non-economic value of qualification has been extended in wide range. Self-development grants the important values to the companies and individuals. The specialty of individual task and adaptation to the task are ensured by the acquisition of qualification. These advantages contribute to the productivity improvement, and increase the profit directly or indirectly. Also, inspired achievement and pride has the positive effect on the improvement of quality of personal life. 3. Cost analysis of national technical qualification Financial operation of national technical qualification spent 80% of whole cost to the conduction of technical qualification. The expenditure for the practical test(79.9%) exceeded the expenditure for the written examination(20.1%). The cause of large expenditure for practical test consist in the transition state of written examination to the practical test, then purchasing the materials for practical test demands large cost. The income of Korea Manpower Agency consists of examination fee and registration fee after the acquisition of qualification. During 1995 to 1999, official approval income accounted for 6 to 7% of whole income as the income of registration, and 90% of income as the fee for official approval of qualification. The average period required for the acquisition of national technical qualification was 6.59 months and the average cost was 256,498 wons. The result of cost analysis for acquisition of national technical qualification suggested followings; First, the higher qualification grade, the more direct cost was consumed. Second, the workers from obligatory employment had more investment than the workers from general employment. But the difference was not significant. Third, direct investment cost had the highest position in the case of unemployment, and the second highest position was the employment status. The status of soldiers and students had the same aspect. Fourth, according to the industrial section, the ranking of average direct cost followed by these sequence; construction, manufacturing, service, electrical and waterworks. Fifth, the time required for the acquisition of qualification in women group was shorter than men. In the case of direct cost, investment cost to the women was lower than the cost to the men. 4. Benefit analysis of national technical qualification Benefit analysis of national technical qualification was divided by pecuniary and non-pecuniary effect. The average wage was analyzed for pecuniary effect based on the educational level, employment period, and existence of qualification. The characteristics were investigated by the analysis of average wage based on the job task, educational level, and age. The benefit was studied by the group of qualification grade and industrial sector. For non-pecuniary effect, the law was investigated as systematic benefit. The differences of wage benefit between holders and non-holders of national technical qualification were followings. First, the difference of average wage between holders and non-holders of national technical qualification was large in the group of low level of education. Second, the workers who had short employment period had more wage benefit than workers who has longer employment period. Third, monthly benefit based on the qualification grade was highest in the technician group among other skilled workers. Fourth, the highest status of qualification benefit in the industrial sector was architectural area, and the next level was environmental area. Fifth, the average wages of the qualification holders were higher in the task cooperation group than the group of task in-cooperation. Sixth, the average wages of qualification holders were higher in the task cooperation group than the group of task in-cooperation in aspect of the educational level. Seventh, the average wages of qualification holders based on ages and task cooperation level were high in the task cooperation group. Eighth, according to the level of status of obligatory employment and educational level, the qualification holders had higher average wages than non holders group. The main purpose of acquisition of national technical qualification was for employment, and the rest of the purpose was for future needs, and for helping current status. 5. Suggestions This study was conducted for cost and benefit analysis of national technical qualification. The followings are suggested for the re-enforcement of the operation of the vocational qualification systems. First, the financial support for the national technical qualification should be ensured. Second, cost of national technical qualification should be invested for the response to the needs from industrial and technological changes. Third, cost benefit analysis of national technical qualification should be conducted periodically to provide the information about the effective operation of national technical qualification system. Fourth, the development of task-oriented items of national technical qualification is needed in order to enhance the effect and usage of qualification in the industrial area..연구요약 Ⅰ. 서 론 1 1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적 1 2. 연구의 내용 2 3. 연구의 방법 및 절차 4 4. 용어의 정의 11 5. 연구의 범위 및 제한점 13 Ⅱ. 국가기술자격제도의 일반 현황 15 1. 자격의 개념 및 기능 15 2. 자격의 유형 15 3. 국가기술자격제도의 변천과 현황 17 Ⅲ. 국가기술자격의 가치 25 1. 자격의 경제적 가치 25 2. 자격의 비경제적 가치 27 Ⅳ. 국가기술자격의 효과 분석 31 1. 국가기술자격의 정부 투자 현황 분석 31 2. 국가기술자격 취득에 소요되는 개인적 비용 분석 36 3. 국가기술자격의 효과 분석 43 4. 시사점 79 Ⅴ. 요약 및 제언 85 1. 요 약 85 2. 제 언 91 참고문헌 97 ABSTRACT 99 부 록 10

데이터웨어 하우징 방법을 이용한 공군 EIS구조

2

Job Analysis for Development of Vocational Education & Training Programs

본 사업에서는 산업 사회 및 직업교육훈련기관의 프로그램 개발을 위하여 선행으로 요구되는 직종(인력 수요 증가가 예상되고 유망 산업으로 전망되는 직종, 산업체의 기존 인력의 향상 · 전환 교육훈련과 실직자들의 재취직에 도움을 줄 수 있는 직종, 산업 발전에 따라 직무 변화가 일어나 직업교육훈련 프로그램에 반영되어야 할 내용이 있는 직종)에 대한 직무분석과 안내 자료를 개발 · 보급하고자 한다.Ⅰ. 사업의 개요 1. 사업의 필요성 및 목적 1 2. 사업의 내용 2 Ⅱ. 직무분석 대상 직종 선정 1. 직무분석 대상 직종 선정 근거 3 2. 1999년 직무분석 대상 직종 11 Ⅲ. 직무분석 지침서 1. 직무분석의 목적, 방법 및 절차 19 2. 직무분석의 적용 및 작성 방법 24 3. 교육훈련 프로그램 개발 47 참고문헌 53 부록 5

AHP 기법을 이용한 의사충돌의 조정

2

인트라넷 기반의 전략 경영을 위한 정보 활용 방안

2

Current Status of Domestic and Foreign Vocational Training Broadcasting and Analysis of the Awareness and Request

Ⅰ. 서론 Ⅱ. 국내외 직업훈련방송 운영현황 1. 국내 직업훈련방송 2. 국외 직업훈련방송 3. 시사점 Ⅲ. 재직자와 실업자의 인식 및 요구 1. 설문조사 분석 틀 2. 설문조사 대상 3. 설문조사 결과 Ⅳ. 결론 및 제언 참고문헌 AbstractThe purpose of this study is to provide strategic suggestions for the development of the vocational training broadcasting. To do so, it focuses on exploring the current status of domestic and foreign vocational training broadcastion and examining the awareness and request of the employed and unemployed on the vocational training broadcasting. In Korea, the vocational training broadcasting has been provided on the EBS Satellite TV plus2 to improve vocational capabilities of the employed and unemployed under the support of Labor Ministry in corporation with Human Resources Development Service of Korea. In case of the foreign broadcasting, PBS(US), BBC(UK), France5 ·Demain(France), and BR-alpha(Germany) have been providing various programs for their people's vocational training. For this study, a survey was conducted on 790 of the employed and unemployed through post-mail. The result of the survey is as follows. First, although the awareness of the employed and unemployed on the vocational training broadcasting is low, most of them intends to watch the vocational training broadcasting in the future. Second, the most preferred programs were certificate acquirement courses. Computer utilization and vocational capability enhancement courses were also strongly preferred. Third, most importantly, it is necessary to secure stable training resources by sharing human, material and information resources with vocational training institutes and educational organizations. As a result, programming is required to meet the needs of each target audience in balance