福建鲍产业发展形势分析

鲍,素有\"软黄金\"的美誉。自上世纪90年代开始,福建引入皱纹盘鲍与日本盘鲍的杂交鲍并逐渐扩大养殖规模。笔者归纳了福建省鲍的养殖分布及生产情况,结合鲍的消费结构及产业支撑现状发现鲍产业发展过程中的育苗场规划,养殖管理,种质退化,安全用药等方面存在问题,对此提出推进科学养殖,增强环保意识;加强管理制度建设,实现质量监管;加强种质管理,选育新品种;加强技术体系建设;提升产业融合度等建议

Study on Soil Erosion Mapping Method Appling Remote Sensing in the Region of Yellow River Gorge in Shaanxi and Shanxi Province and Inner Mogolia Autonomous Region

从土壤侵蚀制图角度探讨黄河峡谷区侵蚀特点及其演化过程。不同地史期侵蚀—堆积轮回遗留下的界线可作为制图中地物定位、地图和信息源套合配准的控制参照。提出分线控制、分层解译提取信息和分步转绘制图的程序。流水线的现代沟谷缘线是决定图斑格局的最基本的特征线。图斑的形状和走线应遵照遥感影像（彩红外航片和ＴＭ卫星影像）特征，按双毫米尺度进行归并综合

Ａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ ｏｆ Ｒｅｌａｔｉｏｎｓｈｉｐ Ａｍｏｎｇ ＲＭＳＥ ｏｆ Ｅｌｅｖａｔｉｏｎ，Ｇｒｉｄ Ｓｉｚｅ

利用全数字摄影测量得到的高精度点数据,获取不同密度的点数据,建立基于ANUDEM和TIN方法的两种DEM,比较两种DEM的高程中误差,分析数据密度、栅格尺寸与高程中误差的关系。研究结果表明,建立1∶100 00比例尺,具有高程中误差2m左右、栅格尺寸5m以下的ANUDEM,需要的点密度水平为大于7 000个/km2,而TINDEM则为8 500个/km2。同时,当栅格尺寸小于20m、数据密度介于7 000～9 400个/km2时,无论是ANUDEM还是TINDEM,高程中误差都处于一个较稳定的状态。Ｔｈｅ　ｒｅｓｏｌｕｔｉｏｎ　ｏｆ　ｄｉｇｉｔａｌ　ｅｌｅｖａｔｉｏｎ　ｍｏｄｅｌｓ　ｉｓ　ａ　ｂａｓｉｃ　ｐａｒａｍｅｔｅｒ　ｔｏ　ｇｅｎｅｒａｔｅ　ＤＥＭ．Ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ，ｔｈｏｓｅ　ｓｔｕｄｉｅｓ　ａｂｏｕｔ　ｈｏｗ　ｔｏ　ｄｅｃｉｄｅ　ｔｈｅ　ｒｅｓｏｌｕｔｉｏｎ　ｏｆ　ＤＥＭ　ｄｉｄｎ’ｔ　ｔａｋｅ　ｔｈｅ　ｐｏｉｎｔｓｎｕｍｂｅｒ　ｉｎｔｏ　ａｃｃｏｕｎｔ．Ｗｅ　ａｎａｌｙｚｅ　ＲＭＳＥ　ｏｆ　Ｅｌｅｖａｔｉｏｎ　ｏｆ　ＡＮＵＤＥＭ　ａｎｄ　ＴＩＮ－ＤＥＭ，ｗｈｉｃｈａｒｅ　ｇｅｎｅｒａｔｅｄ　ｂｙ　ｔｈｅ　ｄａｔａ　ｅｘｔｒａｃｔｅｄ　ｆｒｏｍ　ａｅｒｏ　ｐｈｏｔｏｓ　ｂｙ　ｄｉｇｉｔａｌ　ｐｈｏｔｏｇｒａｍｍｅｔｒｉｃ　ｍｅｔｈｏｄ．Ｔｈｅ　ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ　ｓｈｏｗ　ｔｈａｔ　ｔｈｅ　ｐｏｉｎｔ　ｄｅｎｓｉｔｙ　ｆｏｒ　ｂｕｉｌｄｉｎｇ　ＡＮＵＤＥＭ　ｗｉｔｈ　２ｍＲＭＳＥ　ｏｆ　ｅｌｅｖａｔｉｏｎａｎｄ　５ｍｇｒｉｄ　ｓｉｚｅ　ｓｈｏｕｌｄ　ｂｅ　ｍｏｒｅ　ｔｈａｎ　７　０００ｐｏｉｎｔｓ／ｋｍ２，ｗｈｉｌｅ　ｆｏｒ　ＴＩＮＤＥＭ，ｉｔ　ｓｈｏｕｌｄ　ｂｅｍｏｒｅ　ｔｈａｎ　８　５００ｐｏｉｎｔｓ／ｋｍ２　ａｔ　１∶１００　００ｓｃａｌｅ　ｌｅｖｅｌ．Ｍｏｒｅｏｖｅｒ，ＲＭＳＥ　ｏｆ　ｅｌｅｖａｔｉｏｎ　ｋｅｅｐｓｓｔａｂｌｅ　ｗｈｅｎ　ｔｈｅ　ｇｒｉｄ　ｓｉｚｅ　ｉｓ　ｆｉｎｅｒ　ｔｈａｎ　２０ｍａｎｄ　ｔｈｅ　ｐｏｉｎｔ　ｄｅｎｓｉｔｙ　ｉｓ　ｉｎ　ｔｈｅ　ｒａｎｇｅ　ｂｅｔｗｅｅｎ７　４００ａｎｄ　９　４００ｐｏｉｎｔｓ／ｋｍ２

一种波导微带转换器

本实用新型提供一种波导微带转换器，其包括：一矩形的波导；一介质基片，其包括一第一矩形基片以及一自该第一矩形基片向前垂直延伸进入波导内的第二矩形基片；一自第二矩形基片的最前端向后延伸设置在介质基片一面的金属导带，其包括从前至后依次连接的一探针段、一高阻线段、一微带过渡段以及一微带线段；以及一设置在介质基片另一面的接地金属层；其中，探针段的长度为0.485±0.005mm，宽度为0.322±0.005mm；高阻线段的长度为0.012±0.005mm，宽度为0.298±0.005mm；微带过渡段的长度为2.722±0.005mm，宽度为0.298±0.005mm。本实用新型的转换器低损耗、宽频带

Hierarchical sampling system of little plastics of portable normal position water

本实用新型涉及一种便携式原位水体微塑料分级采样系统，在采样支架侧壁上方嵌有进水口，进水口通过电磁阀连通过滤机构；其输出端连通出水口，出水口嵌于采样支架侧壁下方，在出水口与过滤机构之间设置抽水泵；在采样支架的内部，与进水口同一水平线上设置液位传感器，液位传感器连接数据采集与控制器；在电磁阀与过滤装置之间设置流量计，流量计连接数据采集与控制器，数据采集与控制器连接电磁阀和抽水泵，根据流量体积信号和液位高度信号对电磁阀和抽水泵进行控制。本实用新型可以预先设定采样深度、采样体积等参数实现微塑料的全自动采集，也可手动控制采集过程，实时监控样品的水下采集状态，实现水体微塑料样品的精确定量采集

GaAs/Si/AlAs异质结的带阶和GaAS生长温度的影响

用分子束外延（MBE）设备制备了GaAs/AlAs和GaAs/Si/AlAs异质结，通过XPS分别研究了异质结界面处Si层厚度为0.5ML和1ML对异质结带阶的调节，得到最大调节量为0.2eV;通过C－V法研究了异质结的GaAs层在不同温度下生长对0.5MLSi夹层的影响，得到Si夹层的空间分布随GaAs层生长温度的升高而扩散增强的温度效应，通过深能级瞬态谱（DLTLS）研究了在上述不同温度下生长的GaAs层的晶体质量

The bioaccumulation of Zostera japonica for five heavy metals (Zn, Cr, Cu, Pb, Cd) at different growth stages in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea

Three distribution areas of Zostera japonica located in Liaohe Estuary (Bohai Sea), Sanggou Bay (Yellow Sea), and Dachangshan Island (Yellow Sea) were investigated to study the bioaccumulation of Z. japonica for environmental heavy metals at different growth stages. The contents of five heavy metals (Zn, Cr, Cu, Pb and Cd) in the aboveground and belowground tissues of Z. japonica during the early growth stage (May), the full growth stage (August) and the decline stage (October), as well as the relations between heavy metal contents in seagrass tissues and that in sediments were analyzed. The heavy metal levels, except Zn, in the sediments of seagrass beds in Liaohe estuary were significantly higher than that in Dachangshan island and Sanggou bay. The contents of Pb and Zn in Z. japonica were significantly higher than those of other heavy metals. The Cd, Pb and Cu were enriched in the above-ground tissues of Z. japonica with the highest bioconcentration factor for Cd was 37.18, but Z. japonica had no enrichment effects on Zn and Cr. The contents of Cu and Zn in the aboveground tissues of Z. japonica at the early growth stage showed a good linear relationship with the contents of Cu and Zn in the substrate, while the contents of Pb in the belowground tissues of Z. japonica at the decline stage had a significant correlation with the contents of Pb in the sediments. The bioaccumulation of Z. japonica for heavy metals at different growth stages can be applied for biological monitoring of heavy metal levels in the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea. The present results could provide important guideline for pollution regulation in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea

黄土高原流域降雨侵蚀产沙过程机制及预报模型研究

通过定位观测、理论分析与模拟、大规模实验示范，采用GIS、元素示踪技术与土壤侵蚀动力学方法，系统开展了水蚀动力过程及调控技术研究。（1）揭示了多尺度水蚀动力机制，建立了水蚀动力模型；阐明了植物根系提高土壤抗冲性机理，分析了植被覆盖及空间配置的水土保持有效性机制，揭示了强化降雨径流入渗的调控原理。（2）提出土壤抗冲性、水沙响应以及流域地貌量化方法，建立了水蚀预报模型，预测了黄土高原大规模水土保持生态修复的环境演变和黄河中游水沙变化趋势。（3）建立了水土流失调控技术体系，发展了以强化降雨径流入渗为核心的水土资源平衡利用调控方法，形成了分散拦蓄削减水蚀动力的水土资源调蓄工程体系，及自然修复与人为干预相结合的植被恢复技术体系，建设并形成了保水保土保肥、提高土地生产力、改善和保护农业生态环境的生态农业示范模式，为黄土高原水土流失环境调控提供了理论基础和技术支撑

Single and joint acute toxic effects of cadmium and lead on Palaemon carincauda

The presence of heavy metals in the coastal environment has been of great concern due to their non-biodegradable nature. This study aims to investigate single and joint acute toxic effects of Cd~(2+) and Pb~(2+) on Palaemon carincauda and provides the basis for the water quality management of aquaculture. The effects of different concentrations of Cd~(2+) and Pb~(2+) on P. carincauda within 96 h were investigated by using the semistatic acute toxicity test. The results showed the following:(1)The 24, 48, 72 and 96 h median lethal concentrations(LC_(50))of Cd~(2+) on P. carincauda were 138.699, 33.110, 9.719 and 3.650 mg/L, respectively, and the 48, 72 and 96 h LC_(50) of Pb~(2+) were 254.541, 62.750 and 29.074 mg/L, respectively. The 96 h safety concentrations(SC)of Cd~(2+) and Pb~(2+) on P. carincauda were predicted to be 0.365 mg/L and 2.907 mg/L, respectively;(2)At a concentration ratio of 1︰1, the additive index values for Cd~(2+) and Pb~(2+) were 0.155, 0.068, and 0.258 during the experiment time of 48, 72 and 96 h, respectively. These results indicated that Cd~(2+) presented higher toxicity toward the shrimps than Pb~(2+). Joint toxic effects of Cd~(2+) and Pb~(2+) demonstrated synergistic effects during the experimental period.</p

一个奇异核反应总截面的探测系统及其应用

评述了现有的奇异核反应总截面测量方法，介绍了一套简单可行的测量中能区奇异核反应总截面的探测装置，并对实验的能量刻度、粒子鉴别以及实验结果进行了阐述和讨论．The present status of experimental studies of the total reaction cross sections of exotic nuclei are reviewed. A detector system used for measuring the total reaction cross section of radioactive ions is described. The energy calibration of detectors, particle identification and possible experimental results are discussed.国家杰出青年科学研究基