Analysis on Performance Evaluation System of Chinese Teachers in Universities

“国家的希望在教育，教育的关键在教师”，高校教师队伍的状况成为衡量一所大学最具决定性的因素。一所高校想要在激烈的社会竞争中实现自身的发展，履行自己的职责，拥有一支高素质的教师队伍成为高校发展的重要保障。而完善、科学的高校教师绩效评估体系就是实现这一目标的一个非常重要的手段。但是由于种种原因，教师评价在我国的高等学校很难真正有效的进行，所以一直是高校管理的一大难题。当前我国高校在教师绩效管理工作中存在许多问题，如绩效评估制度科学化不够、评估理念陈旧、评估人员专业化不强、评估结果沟通不足使用不当等问题，这些问题严重地影响了评估的质量及教师积极性的提高。而对于那些新升的本科院校来说，如何面对新的教育...The hope of a country lies in education, while education lies in teachers. State of teachers is a decisive factor in evaluating a university. If a university intends to develop itself in the fierce society competition and fulfils its commitment, it must be equipped with a contingent of high-caliber teachers. It is vital to establish a consummated and scientific performance evaluation system to ach...学位：管理学硕士院系专业：管理学院企业管理系_企业管理(含财务管理、市场营销、人力资源管理)学号：K20041423

饲喂不同浓度黄曲霉毒素B_1饲料对异育银鲫成鱼的生长和毒素积累的影响

以含不同浓度黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB1)的配合饲料饲喂异育银鲫(Carassius auratus gibelio)成鱼56d,研究异育银鲫成鱼[(122.3±0.7)g]生长、生理反应、肝脏组织学变化、卵巢发育以及鱼体各组织中的AFB1的毒素积累状况。实验分为5个实验组,不同实验组饲料中AFB1含量分别为0、5、20、50、500μg/kg饲料(实测值分别为2.59、4.12、12.39、46.23、454.07μg/kg饲料),每个处理3个平行。在整个实验过程中各实验组均未表现出外部形态和行为异常,各组存活率均达到100%。各实验组异育银鲫成鱼终末体重、摄食率(FR)、特定生长率(SGR)和饲料效率(FE)均无显著差异。饲料AFB1水平对异育银鲫血清总胆固醇(TC)含量、血清谷丙转氨酶(GPT)、谷草转氨酶(GOT)和碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性均无显著影响。各毒素组血清超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)活性与对照无显著差异。各毒素组肝脏和卵巢均未见明显的组织学病理变化。肌肉和性腺中的AFB1积累量低于FDA食品安全限定标准(5μg/kg)。肝胰脏中的AFB1积累和饲料中的AFB1水平呈对数关系。饲喂AFB1≥50μg/kg饲料使异育银鲫成鱼肝脏AFB1积累超过安全限量标准。结果表明,异育银鲫成鱼至少可耐受AFB1含量达500μg/kg饲料(实测值:454.07μg/kg饲料)56d

Carbon cycling of forest ecosystems in response to global nitrogen deposition: a review

森林土壤和植被储存着全球陆地生态系统大约46%的碳,在全球碳平衡中起着非常重要的作用。过去几十年来,森林生态系统的碳循环和碳吸存受到了全球氮沉降的深刻影响,因为氮沉降改变了陆地生态系统的生产力和生物量积累。以欧洲和北美温带森林区域开展的研究为基础,综述了氮沉降对植物光合作用、土壤呼吸、土壤DOM及林木生长的影响特征和机理,探讨了森林生态系统碳动态对氮沉降响应的不确定性因素。热带森林C、N循环与大部分温带森林不同,人为输入的氮对热带生态系统过程的影响也可能不同,因此指出了在热带地区开展碳氮循环耦合研究的必要性和紧迫性。Forest soils and vegetation store about 46 percent of all carbon in the terrestrial biosphere, which play a critical role in global carbon balance. Increases in atmospheric nitrogen deposition over the last several decades have altered carbon cycling and sequestration of forest ecosystems by affecting productivity and biomass accumulation in terrestrial ecosystems. Based on the studies conducted in temperate forest regions in Europe and North America, the paper reviewed mechanism and characteristics underlying the impacts of nitrogen deposition on plant photosynthesis, soil respiration, soil dissolved organic matter (DOM), and tree growth, and the uncertainties as to the interactions between forest ecosystem carbon dynamics and nitrogen deposition were also analyzed and discussed. Most tropical forests function quite differently from temperate forests with regard to N and C cycling, and that the effects of anthropogenic N inputs on tropical ecosystem processes may also differ, so it is urgent and necessary to initiate studies related to carbon-nitrogen cycle coupling in the tropical regions.国家自然科学基金资助项目(30370259);; 福建省自然科学基金重点资助项目(B0320001)~

海洋溢油生态损害的简易评估和综合评估方法

通过对海洋生态系统服务的讨论,结合生态学及经济学的评估方法,提出对不同规模溢油事故的区别性评估方法体系:简易评估和综合评估.中小型溢油选用公式化的简易评估法,大型溢油污染事故则建议从生物资源、海洋生境、环境容量、景观文化开展综合评估,并分别提出相应的评估方法.简易评估在美国佛罗里达公式的基础上,进行了适于我国国情的修改,该方法对信息量的要求小,简单易行,其推算的赔偿范围符合以往的索赔案例,可在今后的中小型溢油中推广实践并不断完善.综合评估中,对生物资源的评估,实现了非经济物种的价值化;生境价值评估采用在我国鲜有应用的生境等价分析;环境容量评估是我国海洋生态损害评估研究相对较多的内容,在价值化时结合已有的环境规划项目,可使其在相关索赔中更为合理.景观文化是在以往案例中很少被考虑的非使用价值,随着生态损害评估方法体系的不断完善,应在今后的实践中得以有效合理的赔偿

Treatment of algae bloom water using ·OH based on conventional drinking water process

我国水体的富营养化日益严重,水源地出现季节性藻类爆发现象,严重威胁饮用水安全。以厦门市莲坂水厂各工艺段出水为研究对象,采用大气压强电离放电产生羟; 基自由基(·OH),分别对水源水、混凝沉淀出水、砂滤出水进行处理,处理时间为4.5 s。当注入总氧化剂浓度为1.8 mg·; L~(-1)时,高藻浓度从25.3*10~4 cells · mL~(-1)降到800 cells ·; mL~(-1);对混凝沉淀出水注入总氧化剂0.6 mg· L~(-1)、砂滤出水注入0.2 mg·; L~(-1)时,藻细胞都未检出;·OH处理后CODMn、TOC及UV254均有明显降低,砂滤出水三卤甲烷小于8; mug·L~(-1);检测的各项指标均达到国家《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB; 5479-2006)。因此,·OH可快速有效安全地杀灭高藻,为我国高藻水源地饮用水卫生安全保障提供技术支撑。Due to the increasing eutrophication in China, harmful algae blooms; often occur in water body periodically, which poses serious threats to; drinking water safety. Using a strong ionization discharge technology at; atmosphere pressure, ·OH was used to remove algae bloom. Other; conventional process such as coagulation, sedimentation and sand; filtration were applied respectively in the Lianban Water Plant in; Xiamen (China). The total reaction time required in the three water; processes was only 4.5 s. When the total reactive oxidant (TRO); concentration injected to algae bloom water was 1.8 mg·L~(-1), the algae; content was decreased by ·OH from 25.3*10~4 cells·mL~(-1) to 800; cells·mL~(-1). When the TRO that was injected into coagulation,; sedimentation and sand filtration water achieved 0.6 mg·L~(-1) and 0.2; mg·L~(-1), respectively, the algae contents were not detected (ND) in; treated effluents. At the same time, water quality in CODMn, TOC and; UV254 were decreased and the disinfection by-products(DBPs) such as,; trihalomethanes (THMs) concentration was lower than 8 mug·L~(-1) in; treated effluents. The treated effluent, resulting from this technology,; met the requirement of the National Drinking Water Standards (GB; 5479-2006). Therefore, ·OH was effective and safe to remove freshwater; algae without further treatment being required.国家科技支撑计划项目; 国家重大科研仪器研制项目; 科技部创新人才推进计划重点领域创新团

低浓度三氯乙烯诱发L-02 肝细胞蛋白质组异常表达

【: 目的】研究低剂量三氯乙烯对人 L-02 肝细胞蛋白质表达谱的影响, 以助于阐明三氯乙烯引起细 胞早期应答反应的分子机制。【方法】L-02 肝细胞暴露于低剂量( 3 μmol/L) 三氯乙烯24 h 后, 提取细胞总蛋 白, 双向电泳分离蛋白质, 软件分析凝胶图像, 基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间串联质谱(MALDI-TOF-TOFMS) 对相关异常变化斑点进行鉴定。【结果】和对照组比较, 低剂量三氯乙烯处理后L-02 肝细胞蛋白质表达发 生改变, 初步鉴定出7 个差异蛋白。低剂量三氯乙烯刺激后, 上调的蛋白有核糖体样蛋白( similar to ribosomal protein) 和SET protein, 下调的蛋白有异柠檬酸脱氢酶( isocitrate dehydrogenase, NADP) 和腺苷二磷酸- 核糖基 化因子鸟苷酸因子6 ( ADP-ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide factor 6) , 微管- 肌动蛋白交叉连接因子1 (microtubule-actin crosslinking factor 1) 特异表达, 肽基脯氨酰顺- 反异构酶PPI ( peptidyl prolyl cis/trans isomerase) 缺失。【结论】低剂量的三氯乙烯处理后, L-02 肝细胞中的蛋白表达谱发生明显变化, 这为三氯乙烯 毒作用机制的进一步研究提供了线索

Determination of Lead Content in Standard Materials of Lake Sediment and Tea by ID-ICP-MS

采用2种微波消解体系(HNO3-H2O2和HNO3-H2O2-HF)及3种定量模式(同位素稀释法、标准工作曲线法和标准加入法),对沉积物和茶叶标准物质中的铅进行测定,结果表明:同位素稀释质谱法的各项检测指标显著优于其它两种定量模式(茶叶中铅含量测定值为4.30μg/g),标准加入法次之(3.75μg/g),标准工作曲线法较差(3.61μg/g)。二种微波消解体系中,加HF酸优于不加HF酸,不加HF,茶叶中铅的回收率仅有89%,加入HF则上升为98%。Three different quantitative modes,namely external calibration,standard addition and isotope diluˉtion were compared for the determination of lead contents in lake sediment and tea standard materials with two digestion systems.The results showed that the isotope dilution gave the highest accuracy and precision in comˉparison with the other two modes.But the results were affected by the digestion system.For example,the reˉcoveries of lead content for tea were98%and89%for HNO 3 -H 2 O 2 -HF and HNO 3 -H 2 O 2 digesting sysˉtem,respectively.福建省重大科技项目子课题(2003Y005-04);; 厦门大学现代分析科学教育部重点实验室开放课题(B40402

The Preliminary exploration of real estate investment trust (REIT) in China

房地产业是一个投资周期长、风险高、资金密集型和管理密集型的行业，必须借助金融业的巨额资金投入，才能保证其整体的正常运行。然而目前我国的现实是，一方面，我国房地产业对银行信贷依赖性极强，而中国人民银行为了防范银行金融风险，于2003年6月13日发布了《关于进一步加强房地产信贷业务管理的通知》（下文简称“121号文件”），在房地产开发商的开发贷款、土地储备贷款、个人住房贷款、个人住房公积金贷款等7个方面提高了信贷门槛，使房地产企业融资难度进一步加深；另一方面，国务院于2003年8月30日发布了《关于促进房地产市场持续健康发展的通知》（简称“18号令”），确立了房地产业作为国民经济支柱性产业的地位。...Real estate is a both capital and management oriented industry with long cycle and high risk. It needs large capital investment from financing area to support its healthy development. In China, financing for real estate relies mainly on bank loans and pre-bank sale fund. But in order to prevent financial risks, the People’s Bank of China issued a Notice on Further Strengthening Management of Real ...学位：工商管理硕士院系专业：管理学院工商管理教育中心_工商管理硕士(MBA)学号：20011507