The role of human resources management for medical imaging technician in the quality control of imaging equipment

目的：规范医学影像技师人力资源管理，加强医学影像学科建设及影像设备质量控制。方法：统计分析医学影像技师人力资源数据，调查影像设备质量控制工作的现状，对医学影像技师人力资源管理中的问题进行分析，并提出改进措施。结果：在医学影像技师人力资源管理中存在医学影像技师从业人员严重不足以及毕业生资源浪费等不规范现象；医学影像技师多数被排除在影像设备质量控制工作以外，至使存在诸多隐患，严重制约了医疗质量的全面提升。结论：医学影像技师在影像设备质量控制中的作用不可替代，加强医学影像技师人力资源管理对实现影像设备质量控制前移，提高保障医疗质量具有重大意义。Objective:To standardize the human resource management of medical imaging technician and strengthen the quality control of imaging equipment.Methods:The human resources data of medical imaging technician were counted and analyzed so as to investigate the status of quality control of imaging equipment.These problems existed in human resource management of medical imaging technician were analyzed so as to propose improvement measures.Results:Some non-standard phenomenon included of insufficient employee of medical imaging technician and the waste of resource of graduates existed in the human resource management of medical imaging technicians.Most of medical imaging technicians were excluded from the quality control work of imaging equipment,therefore,many hidden dangers existed in work.These problems seriously restricts the overall promotion of medical quality.Conclusion:The role of medical imaging technician in the quality control of imaging equipment is irreplaceable,and the strengthening about human resource management of medical imaging technician has important significance for realizing antedisplacement of quality control and enhancing the quality of guaranteeing medical care

把可持续发展的理念融入“两课”教学之中

可持续发展既是一种新的发展观 ,又是种新的价值观。把可持续发展的理念融入“两课”教育之中 ,是时代赋予的新使命。文章认为有必要在《马克主义哲学原理》、《邓小平理论》、《当代世界经济与政治》、《思想道德修养》等课程中 ,注意培养大学生的与可持续发展相一致的环境意识、价值观和态度

中小型医院医学工程技术人员保留与发展的对策探讨

为减少中小型医院医学工程技术人才流失,提升医学工程技术团队素质。文章从分析当前中小型医院医学工程技术队伍现状入手,指出医学工程技术人员的保留和发展面临着社会、医院、个人多方面的困难,并从人力资源管理角度提出对策和建议。医院应从加强思想重视、引进优秀人才、鼓励在职教育、健全奖惩制度、倡导人文关怀等方面入手,构建优秀医学工程技术团队。通过医院管理能够进一步提高医学工程技术人员的综合技术水平,对提高保障临床服务质量具有较大的意义

Simultaneous determination of 19 phthalate esters in cosmetics using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

建立了同时测定化妆品中19种邻苯二甲酸酯的气相色谱-质谱(gC-MS)方法。样品经二氯甲烷超声提取后,用硅胶-中性氧化铝(2∶3,M/M)混合填料固相小柱保留、乙酸乙酯-正己烷(8∶2,V/V)洗脱等步骤净化后,采用gC-MS对19种目标物进行定性、定量分析。采用保留时间与特征离子丰度比共同进行定性分析,减少了复杂样品基质中的干扰。在优化的实验条件及0.1、0.5、2.0μg/g的添加水平下,平均加标回收率为72.2%~110.9%,其中加标水平为0.1μg/g的相对标准偏差(rSd,n=6)小于10.3%;方法检出限(以3倍标准偏差计)为0.006 5μg/g(邻苯二甲酸二异戊酯)~0.062μg/g(邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯)之间。应用该方法检测了6种化妆品中19种PAES的含量。该方法可推广用于多种类型化妆品中PAES的测定。A method was developed for the simultaneous determination of 19 phthalate esters(PAEs) at trace level in cosmetics by solid phase extraction(SPE) purification and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) detection.The PAEs were extracted from cosmetic samples by dichloromethane with ultrasonic-assisted technique,purified by an SPE column packed with silica gel and neutral alumina(2∶ 3,m / m) with the elution of 20 mL of mixed solvent of ethyl acetate-hexane(8∶ 2,v / v).Qualitative and quantitative analysis were carried out by GC-MS in full scan and selected ion monitoring modes.The retention time of quantitative ions and the abundance ratio of characteristic ions were applied to rapidly and accurately identify each analyte so as to prevent the occurring of possible mistakes from complex matrix intervention.Under optimized conditions,the average recoveries for a shampoo sample spiked with the standards at 0.1,0.5,2.0 μg / g were in the range of 72.2% and 110.9%,and the relative standard deviations(RSDs) for the 19 PAEs were less than 10.3%(n = 6) at the spiked level of 0.1 μg / g.The limits of detection(LODs,as 3 times of standard deviation) were between 0.006 5 μg / g(for diisopentyl phthalate) and 0.062 μg / g(for diisobutyl phthalate).The method was successfully applied to the determination of the PAEs in 6 types of cosmetics.It is expected to promote the determination of the PAEs in other cosmetics with different matrices.福建省食品药品监督管理局和福建远东技术服务有限公司委托项

基于统计的汉语词性标注方法的研究与实现

近年来，随着计算机技术的发展和可以获得的语料库数量的不断增大，基于统计的自然语言处理技术逐渐成为计算语言学中的一个研究热点。词性标注在许多应用领域中都是一个重要的实际问题，也是自然语言处理中的一个基础课题，对词性标注方法的研究具有很强的实际和理论意义。论文从各个方面对基于统计的汉语词性标注技术进行了探讨，实现了一个汉语自动词性标注系统。论文首先分析了汉语兼类词的特点，并讨论了汉语词类划分的依据和选择词性标记集的一些相关问题；给出了用于词性标注的自然语言n元语法模型，对基于动态规划的Viterbi标注算法进行了分析和描述。然后，论文从监督训练和非监督训练方式两方面对基于统计的汉语词性标注方法进行了研究。对于监督训练方式，论文首先实现了一种目前常用的相对频率训练标注模式－RF_Basic，并从词性概率矩阵与词汇概率矩阵的结构和数值变化等方面对训练集规模与标注正确率之间所存在的非线性关系做了分析，针对这种非线性关系，为了充分利用训练集，提高标注正确率，论文通过对RF_Basic模式下的标注结果的分析，从利用词语相关的语法属性，加强对易错词性词语和未知词的处理三个方面加以改进，得到了一个增强的监督训练标注模式－RF_Enhenced，提高了标注性能，封闭测试和开放测试的正确率分别达到96.5%和96%；对于非监督方式，目前国内还没有这方面的实验报告，为此，论文对非监督下的汉语词性标注做了一些分析。论文首先介绍了采用隐型马尔可夫模型(HMM)进行统计训练的Baum_Welch方法，实现了一个非监督的训练标注模式－HMM_Basic，然后从不同的初始模型的选择对系统标注性能的影响，讨论了其中所存在的问题。论文最后介绍了系统的整体结构，语词表、词性标记和分类词典的组织，对稀疏矩阵的处理等具体实现时的一些方法。In recent years, with the development of computer technology and more large corpus available the techniques of statistics-based natural language processing becomes one of the most actively researched project in computational linguistics. Part-of-Speech tagging is an important practical problem with potential applications in many areas and a basic question for discussion in Natural Language Processing. In this paper, we studied the statistics-based methods applied to chinese part-of-speech tagging from various aspects, and realized a Chinese par-of-speech tagging system. We first discussed the part of speech ambiguity phenomena of Chinese, the standard of determining chinese part of speech, and the related problems of selecting a tag set; We introduced the n-gram model used in statistical methods and the dynamic programming solution - Viterbi algorithm. Then, we studied the statistics-based part-of-speech tagging form supervised & unsupervised aspects; For supervised approach, we first realized a popular Relative Frequency training method -RF_-Basic, and studied the nonlinear relation between training set and tagging accuracies form the aspects of part-of-speech matrix & words matrix. Based on the error analysis of the basic training and tagging way we improved it form three aspects: using other grammatical attributes of words, strengthening the processing for the words easy to be tagged wrong and unknown words and got an enhanced supervised training and tagging way which increased the tagging accuracies. For the enhanced way, open test and close test showed that the over all accuracies are about 96.5% and 96%; For unsupervised approach, we first introduced the Baoum-Welch method used to train a Hidden Markov Model, and performed some experiments from various initial points. We analysed the results, giving some comments about the problems existing in the approach to Chinese part-of-speech tagging, such the tag set size, initial models etc. Finally we described the implementation techniques of our tagging system

analysis and improvement of statistics-based chinese part-of-speech tagging

从词性概率矩阵与词汇概率矩阵的结构和数值变化等方面 ,对目前常用的基于统计的汉语词性标注方法中训练语料规模与标注正确率之间所存在的非线性关系作了分析 .为了充分利用训练语料库 ,提高标注正确率 ,从利用词语相关的语法属性和加强对未知词的处理两个方面加以改进 ,提高了标注性能 .封闭测试和开放测试的正确率分别达到 96.5%和 96% .中国中文信息学

Effects of BaP exposure on ultrastructures of hepatic cells of Boleophthalmus pectinirostris.

在实验生态条件下,研究不同浓度苯并(a)芘(BaP)暴露下大弹涂鱼肝脏细胞超微结构的变化.结果表明,暴露于低浓度(0.5 mg·L-1)BaP 7 d,大弹涂鱼肝脏细胞内的细胞器受到不同程度的损伤,其中线粒体和内质网是受BaP暴露影响最明显的细胞器,细胞核也受到不同程度的影响,细胞质中脂滴也增加;而暴露于高浓度(5 mg·L-1)BaP 2 h,不仅是线粒体和内质网,几乎所有细胞器都受到严重影响,细胞器严重退化,细胞结构遭到严重破坏.研究结果证实,BaP可对大弹涂鱼肝细胞内多种细胞器造成损伤,并且BaP浓度越高,损伤程度越严重.The changes of ultrastructures of hepatic cells of Boleophthalmus pectinirostris were investigated after the fish were exposed under benzo (a) pyrene in different concentrations under experimental condition. The results showed that the organelles in hepatic cells of B. pectinirostris were damaged to different extents after the fish was exposed under lower concentration of BaP (0.5 mg·L-1) for up to 7 d, in which, mitochondria and endo-plasmic reticulum were the chief organelles affected by BaP exposure. While the fish was exposed under higher concentration of BaP (5 mg·L-1 ) for 2 h, almost all of the organelles including mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum in hepatic cells of B. pectinirostr were affected by BaP exposure. The structures of liver cells were seriously damaged. It was demonstrated that BaP could produce multiorganalle lesions in hepatic cells of B. pectinirostris, and the severity extent of such lesions was dependent on the concentration level of BaP.国家自然科学基金资助项目(49876029

Diversity of archaea in the sediments from different areas of the Bohai Sea

Methanogens play an important role in the carbon cycle of coastal sediments. In this study, sea water enrichment cultures with acetate as the substrate were employed to enrich methanogens using sediments of the Bohai Sea. The methane production was used to estimate potential methane productivity and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis was used to analyze the diversity of microbial communities simultaneously. Our results revealed that changes in the bacterial and the methanogens community structures in sediments from different areas of the Bohai Sea were found. The dominant methanogens were Methanobacterium and Methanolobus in sediments of the Bohai Sea, and Desulfovibrio and Thiobacillus were the dominant bacteria. Different areas of the Bohai Sea obviously varied on methane production, which shows that the methane emission is higher in the coastal area. Bohai Sea has great potential for methane productivity and acetic acid conversion rate(46.46%), and the estimation of potential methane production is 1.74 Gt per year

Effects of water conditions on the diversity of soil microbial communities in the coastal reed wetlands

River-sea water interactions in coastal wetlands dramatically affect soil redox potential and cause variations in nutrient elements. In this study, we analyzed the changes in physicochemical properties of soil, diversity in the microbial community, and the Fe(III) reduction activity of microorganisms in reed wetlands of the Yellow River Delta under different water conditions. The results showed that the salinity, pH value, and concentrations of organic carbon, total nitrogen, and Fe(II) in the soil were higher in the flooded reed wetlands as compared with the ammonium concentration. The genera Alishewanella, Cellulomonas, Sphingomonas and Pseudomonas were the dominated bacteria in flooded reed wetlands, whereas Methanosarcina and Methanobacterium were the dominant archaea. Further, the dominated bacteria and archaea in the non-flooded reed wetlands were Cellulomonas, Acidovorax, Geobacter, Thiobacillus, and Methanosarcina, respectively. A shift in the iron-reducing bacterial community structure was also observed in the enrichment samples from flooded and non-flooded reed wetlands. Paracoccus, Geobacter, Alishewanella, and Thiomonas were the dominant iron-reducing bacteria in the flooded reed wetlands, and the dominant genera of iron-reducing bacteria in the non-flooded reed wetlands were Geobacter and Azospira. The diversity of soil bacteria, archaea, and iron-reducing bacteria was higher in the flooded reed wetlands. The Fe(III) reduction activity of iron-reducing bacteria in the reed wetlands was lessened to a certain extent by perennial flooded conditions