Comparison of the preparation methods of Temozolomide-loaded nanoparticles

目的比较载替莫唑胺聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯纳米粒(TMz-PbCA-nP)的不同制备方法,确定最佳制备工艺。方法以α-氰基丙烯酸正丁酯(bCA)为载体,分别采用乳化聚合法和界面聚合法制备TMz-PbCA-nP,加以吐温-80(T-80)进行表面修饰,并通过zETA电位仪检测纳米粒粒径和电位、透射电镜观察纳米粒形态、紫外分光光度计测定各自的包封率和载药量。结果乳化聚合法制备的TMz-PbCA-nP平均粒径(135.8±11.3)nM,表面电位(-24.8±2.2)MV,包封率(44.23±2.04)%,载药量(2.80±0.05)%;界面聚合法制得的载药纳米粒平均粒径(175.4±10.2)nM,表面电位(-18.3±3.6)MV,包封率(44.35±2.58)%,载药量(2.31±0.47)%。透射电镜下观察两种方法所制备的纳米粒大小均较为均匀,粒子间无明显聚集。结论采用乳化聚合法制备TMz-PbCA-nP效果较优于界面聚合法。【Objective】 To compare Temozolomide polybutylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles(TMZ-PBCA-NP) prepared by two different methods so as to determine the optimal process.【Methods】 TMZ-PBCA-NP was prepared by emulsion polymerization and interfacial polymerization methods separately and the surfaces of the two kinds of nanoparticles were both modified with tween-80(T-80).Zeta potential instrument was used to detect the particle size and charge and transmission electron microscopy was employed to study the particle shape.The entrapment efficiency and drug loading were determined with ultraviolet spectrophotometry.【Results】 The mean particle size,surface charge,entrapment efficiency and drug loading of the NP prepared by emulsion polymerization and interfacial polymerization methods was(135.8±11.3) nm and(175.4±10.2) nm,(-24.8±2.2) mV and(-18.3±3.6) mV,(44.23±2.04) % and(44.35±2.58) %,(2.80±0.05) % and(2.31±0.47) %,respectively.Both nanoparticles had uniform size distribution and no apparent aggregation according to transmission electron microscopy.【Conclusion】 The emulsion polymerization method is better than interfacial polymerization method in preparing TMZ-PBCA-NP.国家自然科学基金(No:81172394

Developments and Applications of Paper-based Microfluidics

纸芯片微流控技术是一种新型微流控技术。相比于以玻璃、石英、高聚物等为基底的传统微流控芯片,纸芯片具有成本低、易操作、可携带、耗样量小等优点。该文介绍了纸芯片的发展及常用的制作方法,并举例说明了光度法、荧光法、化学发光及电化学发光法和电化学法在纸芯片检测中的应用;归纳了纸芯片技术在临床诊断、环境监控以及食品安全分析等方面的应用;最后对纸芯片微流控的应用前景进行了展望。Paper-based microfluidics stand out as a new class of microfluidic technology,and present distinguishing features such as low cost,ease of use,portability,and low reagent consumption compared with the conventional microfluidic devices.In this paper,the development of μPADs was first introduced,and the common fabrication techniques were presented.Then the methods for quantitative analysis on μPADs were summarized including colorimetry,fluorescence,chemiluminescence,electrochemiluminescence and electrochemistry with their applications in clinical diagnostics,environmental monitoring as well as food quality control.Finally,the potential and future outlooks ofμPADs were discussed.国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2010CB732402;2013CB933703); 国家自然科学基金项目(91313302;21205100;21275122); 国家杰出青年科学基金项目(21325522

“建筑适应性”主题沙龙

"地域建筑"是当下建筑学界共同尊重的准则,但这一术语的过度使用,也使得其内涵在当代建筑创作中逐渐模糊。本期沙龙主题"建筑适应性",是对"地域建造"这一命题的具体化。"适度"的"适应"是当下应当倡导的地域建筑设计创作原则。"建筑适应性"中的"适应",强调对历史文脉与所处环境的积极回应,研究建筑与环境之间的复杂应答关联;除此,"建筑适应性"还强调对经济、技术、材料的"适度

中国物理海洋学研究70年：发展历程、学术成就概览

本文概略评述新中国成立70年来物理海洋学各分支研究领域的发展历程和若干学术成就。中国物理海洋学研究起步于海浪、潮汐、近海环流与水团,以及以风暴潮为主的海洋气象灾害的研究。随着国力的增强,研究领域不断拓展,涌现了大量具有广泛影响力的研究成果,其中包括:提出了被国际广泛采用的"普遍风浪谱"和"涌浪谱",发展了第三代海浪数值模式;提出了"准调和分析方法"和"潮汐潮流永久预报"等潮汐潮流的分析和预报方法;发现并命名了"棉兰老潜流",揭示了东海黑潮的多核结构及其多尺度变异机理等,系统描述了太平洋西边界流系;提出了印度尼西亚贯穿流的南海分支(或称南海贯穿流);不断完善了中国近海陆架环流系统,在南海环流、黑潮及其分支、台湾暖流、闽浙沿岸流、黄海冷水团环流、黄海暖流、渤海环流,以及陆架波方面均取得了深刻的认识;从大气桥和海洋桥两个方面对太平洋–印度洋–大西洋洋际相互作用进行了系统的总结;发展了浅海水团的研究方法,基本摸清了中国近海水团的分布和消长特征与机制,在大洋和极地水团分布及运动研究方面也做出了重要贡献;阐明了南海中尺度涡的宏观特征和生成机制,揭示了中尺度涡的三维结构,定量评估了其全球物质与能量输运能力;基本摸清了中国近海海洋锋的空间分布和季节变化特征,提出了地形、正压不稳定和斜压不稳定等锋面动力学机制;构建了"南海内波潜标观测网",实现了对内波生成–演变–消亡全过程机理的系统认识;发展了湍流的剪切不稳定理论,提出了海流"边缘不稳定"的概念,开发了海洋湍流模式,提出了湍流混合参数化的新方法等;在海洋内部混合机制和能量来源方面取得了新的认识,并阐述了混合对海洋深层环流、营养物质输运等过程的影响;研发了全球浪–潮–流耦合模式,推出一系列海洋与气候模式;发展了可同化主要海洋观测数据的海洋数据同化系统和用于ENSO预报的耦合同化系统;建立了达到国际水准的非地转(水槽/水池)和地转(旋转平台)物理模型实验平台;发展了ENSO预报的误差分析方法,建立了海洋和气候系统年代际变化的理论体系,揭示了中深层海洋对全球气候变化的响应;初步建成了中国近海海洋观测网;持续开展南北极调查研究;建立了台风、风暴潮、巨浪和海啸的业务化预报系统,为中国气象减灾提供保障;突破了国外的海洋技术封锁,研发了万米水深的深水水听器和海洋光学特性系列测量仪器;建立了溢油、危险化学品漂移扩散等预测模型,为伴随海洋资源开发所带来的风险事故的应急处理和预警预报提供科学支撑。文中引用的大量学术成果文献(每位第一作者优选不超过3篇)显示,经过70年的发展,中国物理海洋学研究培养了一支实力雄厚的科研队伍,这是最宝贵的成果。这支队伍必将成为中国物理海洋学研究攀登新高峰的主力军

The Study on the Central Bank Foreign Exchange Intervention Strategy Based on the Behavior financial model

2005年汇改后,人民币汇率形成机制发生重大变化,人民币汇率的波动幅度明显加大,央行干预难度也随之加大,尤其是在2003年至2008年人民币面临升值压力的背景下,短期投机资本频繁进出,对央行干预形成新的挑战。为此,本文基于外汇市场异质性交易者的假设,运用行为金融理论,构建了包含央行干预的汇率行为金融模型,并采用计算机模拟技术,对央行不同干预方式的有效性进行分析。在此基础上,提出在人民币汇率形成机制市场化改革进一步深化的背景下,央行应采取的干预策略。认为:未来央行干预应遵循一定的干预规则,并渐进放开波动区间,同时通过干预有效地引导市场预期,从而提高干预的效果。The RMB exchange rate formation mechanism transforms significantly after the ‘reform’,together with distinct fluctuations in RMB exchange rate,Which gives more requests on central bank intervention.Based on heterogeneity expectation of foreign exchange market traders,This paper constructs a financial model with central bank intervention from the behavior of the financial perspective,and analysis effectiveness of central bank intervention and intervention strategies in use of computer simulation technology,suggested that the central bank intervention follow certain rules of intervention,carefully grasp the intervention band and guide market expectations effectively when the RMB exchange rate mechanism market—oriented reforms advance.国家自然科学基金课题(项目号:70873098)的阶段性成

Design of Intelligent Controller Used in Thermal Power Station

文中提出了适合我国热力站系统的自动控制方案 ,介绍了相应的智能调节。该智能调节器实时跟踪气候温度变化 ,优化热力站供热设定值 ,在常规PID基础之上 ,采取不完全微分、被控变量微分、非线性输出限制、比例增益自适应修正等改进措施 ,使热力站控制系统达到优化运行状态

Microstructural Evolution of the Deeply Undercooled Ag-Ge Alloys with Cu Atoms Cluster Triggered Nucleation

采用玻璃包覆的方法获得具有较大过冷度的亚共晶、共晶以及过共晶Ag-Ge合金熔体，并通过高能离子束轰击Cu箔产生Cu原子团簇溅射到过冷合金熔体中来触发非均质形核过程。凝固后合金显微组织的分析结果表明：在深过冷合金熔体中引入Cu原子团簇，它对亚共晶、共晶以及过共晶Ag-Ge合金的显微组织演变有着不同的影响效果，分析了显微组织的演变规律与形成机制

Research of Tat-TTA1-PEG modified gelatin-siloxane nanoparticles across blood-brain barrier and its targeting to glioma

目的观察经TAT多肽,适配体TTA1,聚乙二醇(PEg)联合修饰的新型纳米载体明胶硅氧烷纳米粒子(gElATIn-SIlOXAnE nAnOPArTIClES,gS nPS)跨血脑屏障及靶向到达胶质瘤的能力。方法通过两步溶胶-凝胶法合成gS nPS,然后在其表面依次修饰上PEg、TTA1、TAT,并以荧光染料Cy5.5-nHS标记。建立胶质瘤裸鼠原位模型20~25只,分为空白对照组,gS nPS组,PEg-gS nPS组,TTA1-PEg-gS nPS组,TAT-TTA1-PEg-gS nPS组。尾静脉注射各种修饰的纳米粒子,观察其在大鼠体内分布情况;将裸鼠处死后取脑、肝、脾,观察纳米粒子在各器官的分布。结果活体成像及统计分析结果显示TTA1-TAT-PEg-gS nPS在脑部的荧光强于TAT-PEg-gS nPS、PEg-gS nPS、gS nPS组,且在肿瘤部位的荧光强于脑内其他部位,而在肝脏脾脏的荧光弱于其他3组。结论 TTA1-TAT-PEg-gS nPS能够逃逸内皮网状吞噬系统(rETICulOE EndOTHElIn SySTEM,rES)的吞噬,还能跨过血脑屏障,而且对胶质瘤具有靶向性,是一种潜在的胶质瘤治疗基因及药物的靶向载体。Objective To observe the property of Tat-TTA1-PEGmodified gelatin-siloxane nanoparticles across the blood-brain barrier and glioma targeting.Methods GS NPs were prepared by two-step sol-gel method,and then labbled by Cy5.5-NHS.After that,PEG,aptamer TTA1 and Tat peptide were conjugate onto GS NPs respectively.Establish orthotopic implantation model of glioma(20 ~ 25),and they were divided into 5 groups:blank control group,GS NPs group,PEG-GS NPs group,TTA1-PEG-GS NPs group and Tat-TTA1-PEG-Gs group.GS NPs,PEG-GS NPs,TTA1-PEGGS NPs and Tat-TTA1-PEG-GS NPs were injected respectively into animal model,and their distribution via vivo imaging system were detected.To compare their distribution in major organ,the brain,liver and spleen were removed and visualized by vivo imaging system.Results Compared with other groups,Tat-TTA1-PEG-GS NPs injected mice had much fluorescent photons in brain,but less in liver and spleen.Conclusion Tat-TTA1-PEG-GS NPs could not only escape the capture of RES but also penetrate the blood-brain barrier and target to glioma.国家自然科学基金(30970733

Mechanism of Self discharge Performance Improvement in the Ni-MH Batteries with NaOH Electrolyte

以NaOH电解液代替KOH能够明显改善MH/N i电池的自放电性能和高温(60℃)充电效率.电化学阻抗和循环伏安测试表明,NaOH电解液的作用可能是改变了H原子于负极表面的吸(脱)附行为,并在一定程度上抑制了负极的析氢过程,从而改善了电池的自放电性能.The self-discharge performance and charge efficiency at 60 ℃ for Ni-MH battery can be markedly enhanced by using NaOH electrolyte instead of KOH electrolyte.Both the results of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry tests indicate that the separation of H_2 from the negative electrode may be partly blocked in the former because of the change of the adsorption/desorption behavior of H on the surface of the negative electrode,thus results in an improvement of self-discharge performance of the battery.作者联系地址：郑州轻工业学院材料与化工学院,郑州轻工业学院材料与化工学院,郑州轻工业学院材料与化工学院,郑州轻工业学院材料与化工学院 河南郑州450002,河南郑州450002,河南郑州450002,河南郑州450002Author's Address: *,XIA Tong-chi,DONG Hui-chao,WEI Yan-weiDepartment of Material and Chemical Engineering,Zhengzhou University of Light Industry,Zhengzhou 450002,Henan,Chin

普碳钢用陶瓷基高温防护涂层制备及其性能表征

采用机械混合法制备了一种针对碳钢的新型Al2O3-MgO-TiO2-CaO体系陶瓷基高温防护涂料,1300℃下可在Q235B钢表面形成致密保护层,提高钢抗氧化烧损性能.结果表明,在涂料粒度48～75μm、涂层厚度0.5mm的条件下,涂层防护性能优良.涂层的防护温度范围为900～1300℃,1300℃时比原样可降低氧化烧损59.36%,防护寿命长于8h.涂层的应用将氧化层由经典的Fe2O3/Fe3O4/FeO三层结构转变为一层尖晶石结构,同时减薄了氧化层厚度,显著降低了Fe元素的高温扩散速率