The dist ribution of mar ine colloids and their morphological characteristics

国家重点基础研究发展规划项目( G200078500) ; 国家杰出 青年科学基金项目( 49825162

Compositional and structural characterization of marine organic colloids-an overview

国家自然科学基金项目(49976021);; 国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(G2000078500);; 杰出青年基金项目(49825162

Y型聚乙二醇干扰素琢-2b注射液治疗HCV基因2/3型慢性丙型肝炎患者疗效和安全性的多中心随机对照试验研究

目的以标准剂量的聚乙二醇干扰素(Peg IFN)α-2a联合利巴韦林作为阳性对照,评价新型试验药物Y型Peg IFNα-2b注射液联合利巴韦林治疗2型/3型慢性丙型肝炎(CHC)患者的疗效和安全性。方法采用多中心、随机开放、阳性药对照的Ⅲ期临床试验,筛选符合要求的2型/3型CHC患者,按照2:1的比例随机分配到Y型Peg IFNα-2b组和Peg IFNα-2a组,同时口服利巴韦林,疗程24 w,停药随访24 w。采用Abbott Real Time HCV Genotype II检测HCV基因型,采用Cobas Taq Man实时定量PCR法检测血清HCV RNA水平。详细记录不良事件。主要疗效指标为持续病毒学应答(SVR),并进行非劣效检验。结果本试验实际入组2型/3型CHC患者255例,实际治疗241例。全分析集(FAS)数据显示,158例试验组和83例对照组患者SVR分别为85.4%(95%CI 79.94%~90.94%)和79.5%(95%CI 70.84%~88.20%,P=0.2402);对符合方案分析集(PPS)人群分析显示,试验组和对照组患者SVR分别为87.9%(95%CI 82.45%~93.27%)和85.9%(95%CI 77.82%~94.01%,P=0.7060),率差的95%可置信区间均符合非劣效标准;对PPS人群分析显示,85.8%受试者获得了早期病毒学应答(RVR),RVR的阳性预测值为90.1%;试验组和对照组不良事件发生率相似,分别为95.6%和95.2%,严重不良事件发生率分别为3.8%和3.6%。结论应用Peg IFNα联合利巴韦林治疗2型/3型CHC患者,新型试验药物Y型Peg IFNα-2b具有与对照药物Peg IFNα-2a相似的疗效和安全性。国家科技部“十二五”重大专项(编号:2012ZX10002-003)；“重大新药创制”十二五科技重大专项(编号:2012ZX09303019)

The distribution of marine colloids and their morphological characteristics

近十余年来，海洋中的胶体在元素生物地球化学循环中的重要作用越来越为人们所认识，海洋胶体研究成为国际海洋学研究的一大热点。胶体在海洋中的分布以及微形貌特征，是研究胶体作用所不可缺少的基础资料。它不仅能够指示胶体的来源和去除过程，而且有助于从微观的、胶体超分子物理化学结构的角度更深入地了解胶体有机物在海洋生物地球化学循环中的作用。本文总结了这方面的研究成果。Over the last decade, there has been increasing recognition for theimportant role that marine colloids play in biogeochemical cycles of elements in theocean. It has become a hot point of the international researches in oceanography toinvestigate the marine colloids. The distribution of marine colloids, as well as theirmorphological characteristics, is essential to evaluate the potential importance...学位：博士后院系专业：海洋与环境学院海洋学系_海洋科学学号：SHAO00018

自然科線上診斷測驗研發---以 「太陽」單元為例

[[abstract]]教師在教學過程中最重要的是瞭解及掌握學生對各單元教學內容的瞭解程度，透過紙筆評量，可以瞭解學生對單元內容的精熟情形，據此實施補救教學，但是實施評量之後，在閱卷及分析上，卻要讓教師耗費相當多的時間，因此，本研究期望建置一份應用電腦網?線上測驗的試題，並以DINA及DINO模式進行整體測驗資料分析，以改善選擇題題型易受猜測及粗心因素影響的缺點，降低概念與錯誤類型估計之不確定性，亦可作為爾後單元教學策略的改進。本研究結果摘述如下： 一、建置「太陽」單元建構反應題題型介面。二、本研究建置的建構反應題線上診斷測驗，自動化分析機制，偵測率100％， 成效?好。三、以選擇題及建構反應題進行診斷測驗，並以DINA、DINO模式進行資料分析 降低了選擇題猜測、粗心的不確定性

SURFACE ACID-BASE PROPERTIES OF KAOLINITE

采用双位模式 (即假定高岭石表面存在AlOH和SiOH基团 )拟合高岭石表面的酸碱滴定数据并描述表面上发生的质子化反应 ,Al位和Si位的表观酸度常数拟合值分别为pKa1,Al=1 .78、pKa2 ,Al=8.47和pKa2 ,Si=5 .1 2 ,它们的酸性比对应的 (氢 )氧化物表面位的更强。高岭石的总表面位密度远大于氧化铝和二氧化硅 ,其原因很可能是溶液中的质子或羟离子能够渗入高岭石的层间 ,与层间的羟基发生反应。此外 ,Al位密度也比Si位大近一个数量级 ,这种与理论化学式偏离的现象可受多种因素的影响。高岭石表面总体在pH低于 4.0时带正电荷 ,在pH高于 4.0时带负电荷。正电荷仅由AlOH基团通过质子化作用形成AlOH2 + 表面化合态来提供 ,而负电荷则由AlOH和SiOH基团的去质子化作用产生 ,分别形成AlO-和SiO-表面化合态。A two site model, i.e., assuming the presence of AlOH and SiOH groups on the kaolinite surface, was used to simulate the acid base titration data and to describe the protonation/deprotonation of the surface groups. The fitted apparent acidity constants for Al sites and Si sites were p K a1, Al =1.78, p K a2, Al =8.47 and p K a2, Si =5.12, respectively. Comparison with the p K values for aluminum (hydro) oxides and silica revealed that both Al sites and Si sites at the kaolinite surface exhibited a more acidic character than those on the corresponding (hydro)oxides. The total surface site density of kaolinite was much greater than that of alumina and silica. The possible explanation was that protons or hydroxyl ions from the solution could penetrate between the layers of kaolinite and react with hydroxyls in the sheets. In addition, the density of Al sites was about one order of magnitude greater than that of Si sites. This deviation from bulk stoichiometry would be controlled by various factors. The overall surface of kaolinite was positively and negatively charged respectively below and above pH 4.0. The positive charge was only due to the formation of AlOH 2 + surface complexes by protonation of AlOH. On the other hand, the negative charge was contributed by deprotonation of AlOH and SiOH groups, resulting in the formation of AlO - and SiO respectively.国家自然科学基金项目 (批准号 :49773 2 0 6) ;; 广东省自然科学基金资助项目 (编号 :960 5 0 4

An overview on the study of carbon biogeochemistry on the South China Sea

简述南海碳的生物地球化学的研究进展 ,重点介绍国家杰出青年基金课题“南海碳的生物地球化学循环研究 -胶体的显著作用”的研究内容 ,报道了近年来我们在该领域的最新阶段性研究成果 . 【英文摘要】 We review recent development of study of carbon biogeochemistry on the South China Sea. Substances and recent findings of the ongoing NSFC project for elitist youth, carbon biogeochemistry on the northern South China Sea continental shelf and in the Pearl River Estuary, are emphatically presented.国家自然科学基金资助项目!(4 982 516 2 ;4 9976 0 2 1

KINETICS OF LEAD(Ⅱ) DESORPTION ON THE SURFACE OF KAOLINITE

经过酸性条件下 (p H=3.1) Pb( )高岭石表面解吸动力学的研究 ,发现解吸反应与吸附反应动力学相似 ,也是一个二阶段的过程 ,即初始的快速解吸之后伴随着一个缓慢的释放过程。在快速解吸阶段 ,7m in内解吸量即已达到 4 1%。吸附铅没有完全解吸 ,有近 38%残留在高岭石表面 ,即解吸和吸附过程不是完全可逆的。解吸过程可以用扩展Elovich方程、Elovich方程、双常数方程和一级扩散方程较好地拟合。The kinetics of Pb(Ⅱ) desorption on kaolinite was studied at the acidic condition(pH=3.1).The results showed that,similar to the adsorption kinetics, the desorption kinetics was biphasic, that is, an initially fast desorption followed by a slow release. During the fast stage, 41% of the sorbed Pb(Ⅱ) was desorbed from the surface within 7 min. The sorbed Pb(Ⅱ) didn't desorbed completely, with about 38% remaining on kaolinite. This suggested that the adsorption and desorption processes were not totally reversible. Furthermore, the desorption kinetics could be well fitted with extended Elovich, Elovich, two constant and first order diffusion equations.国家自然科学基金 (编号 :49773 2 0 6) ;; 广东省自然科学基金 (编号 :960 5 0 4