Functional analyses of N-cyclohexyl-N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl) docosanamide in allogeneic islets transplantation in mice

目的：糖尿病及其并发症对人类健康的危害越来越大，给患者和社会造成了沉重的经济和精神负担。我国已成为世界上糖尿病发病率第二高的国家，目前临床上治疗糖尿病最有效的手段就是进行胰岛移植，但是移植术后的免疫排斥以及移植供体短缺等问题都严重阻碍了胰岛移植在临床上的进一步发展。移植术后的免疫排斥问题使胰岛的生存期不理想进而需要多次胰岛移植，这也进一步加剧了胰岛移植供体短缺的问题。此外，胰岛移植术后患者需要服用大量昂贵的的免疫抑制剂，而且这些免疫抑制剂都存在较强的毒副作用，如FK-506具有很强的肾毒性而Rapa存在胰岛毒性，这不仅给患者带来了沉重的负担，同时也影响了胰岛的生存期以及移植患者的生活质量。目前...Objective: Diabetes and its complications are becoming more damaging to human health, create heavy financial and emotional burden to patients and society. China has become the the second largest country all over the world in terms of the number of diabetics, and the most promising way to cure the diabetes is islet transplantation, while the problem of immune rejection after transplantation and do...学位：理学博士院系专业：医学院基础医学系_生理学学号：2162010015392

Influence of the JAK-STAT Signal Pathway on the Antitumor Activity of CIK Cell on Hepatoma Cell

细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞（Cytokine-inducedKillerCell，CIK）是人外周血单个核细胞(peripheralbloodmononuclearcells，PBMCs)经细胞因子诱导成的具有肿瘤杀伤能力的一群异质细胞。JAK-STAT信号通路与细胞的生长、增殖、分化和凋亡关系十分密切。研究显示，JAK-STAT信号通路参与了机体中的许多免疫调控活动。IFN-γ和IL-2是激活JAK-STAT信号通路的重要配体，也是刺激和活化CIK细胞杀伤肿瘤细胞的重要细胞因子。本论文的研究目的，在于观察JAK-STAT信号通路的激活或抑制状态对CIK细胞发挥肿瘤杀伤能力的影响，以探索一种提高C...Cytokine-induced killer cell（CIK）is a group of heterogenous cells induced from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs), which have an antitumor activity. JAK-STAT signal pathway is closely relative to cell growth, proliferation, differenciation and apoptosis. As revealed, JAK-STAT pathway is involved in many activites of immune activities in human body. IFN-γand IL-2 are critical ligands o...学位：理学硕士院系专业：生命科学学院生物学系_动物学学号：2162007115195

Construction of Positron Molecular Imaging Probe with High Affintiy to αvβ3 and VEGF Double Receptor

一些特定的受体在肿瘤和其他的病变组织的异常表达和作用使得它们最有可能成为分子影像的靶点。PET和SPECT核素可以标记目标受体的高亲和力特异性配体用以对这些受体显像。从图像获得的信息可以加深对研究对象的了解，从而为诊断和治疗服务。 整合素与其受体的相互作用是肿瘤信号传导的有效途径。在已知的整合素中，αvβ3与其受体由于在促进肿瘤的转移、细胞分化中发挥的作用而引人关注。整合素αvβ3在多种肿瘤及新生血管上都有较高表达。临床前及临床研究表明整合素αvβ3的表达水平可作为肿瘤的标志物。这意味着整合素αvβ3可作为对肿瘤原发灶和转移灶进行显像的重要靶点，从而提供重要的预后信息，或者用于疗效监测。因此...The aberrant expression and function of certain receptors in tumors and other diseased tissues make them preferable targets for molecular imaging. PET and SPECT radionuclides can be used to label specific ligands with high affinity for the target receptors. The functional information obtained from imaging these receptors can be used to better understand the systems under investigation and for dia...学位：博士后院系专业：化学化工学院化学系_化学学号：201017005

Musical Expertise and Melodic Structure in Memory for Musical Notation

Two experiments plus a pilot investigated the role of melodic structure on short-term memory for musical notation by musicians and nonmusicians. In the pilot experiment, visually similar melodies that had been rated as either good or bad were presented briefly, followed by a 15-sec retention interval and then recall. Musicians remembered good melodies better than they remembered bad ones: nonmusicians did not distinguish between them. In the second experiment, good, bad, and random melodies were briefly presented, followed by immediate recall. The advantage of musicians over nonmusicians decreased as the melody type progressed from good to bad to random. In the third experiment, musicians and nonmusicians divided the stimulus melodies into groups. For each melody, the consistency of grouping was correlated with memory performance in the first two experiments. Evidence was found for use of musical groupings by musicians and for use of a simple visual strategy by nonmusicians. The nature of these musical groupings and how they may be learned are considered. The relation of this work to other studies of comprehension of symbolic diagrams is also discussed

The Application of Bioinformatics in the Research of Alternative Splicing

基因选择性剪接现象是真核生物基本而又重要的调控机制。由于基因的选择性剪接在形成生物复杂性和多样性上具有极其重要的作用,同时选择性剪接与许多人类疾病也密切相关。因此,研究基因选择性剪接是一项十分重要的工作。生物信息学作为一门新兴的学科在研究基因选择性剪接上起关键的作用,尤其在研究基因表达调控机制、选择性剪接基因预测以及选择性剪接基因进化上。文章综述了这方面的最新研究进展,为更深入了解真核生物基因的表达调控机理提供依据。Alternative splicing,a fundamental and important regulatory mechanism in eukaryotes,allows one pre-(mRNA) to be processed into many different mature forms within a cell,each of which can have distinct functions.As alternative splicing is associated with human diseases,the study of alternative splicing becomes quite important.Bioinformatics is a new subject for the study of alternative splicing,especially for its regulatory mechanism,prediction and origin.Of course,bioinformatics must be combined with experimental research so as to clarify these aspects of alternative splicing.This paper reviewed the recent research progress in this field in the hope to gain a deeper understanding of eukaryotic gene expression regulation.国家自然科学基金项目(编号:60305001,30470938)资助~

一种番茄红素中间体的制备

本文介绍一种番茄红素中间体(3E,5E,7E)-8-碘-4-甲基-1,3,5,7-壬四烯的制备方法。本方法的原料来源方便,路线简单可行,成本低廉,可以用于工业化生产。本中间体也同样可作为其它类胡萝卜素的合成原料,因此具有很好的应用价值和发展潜力。国家自然科学基金项目(21406185);;厦门大学校长基金项目(20720170027

西部人才开发面临的主要问题与对策

人才是西部大开发的关键。本文对西部人才开发的制约因素及西部地区人力资源现状问题进行了较为详细的论述 ,进而提出了西部人才开发战略的具体对策 ,主要是 :增强人才观念 ,实施人力资本优先积累战略 ,发展教育 ,加强干部素质 ,营建科学的人才机制 ,培养、引进专业人才 ,注重创新

Comparative Analysis of Complete Mitochondrial DNA Control Region of Four Species of Strigiformes

利用Long-PCR和PrimerWalking的方法对鸮形目的短耳鸮、长耳鸮、纵纹腹小鸮、灰林鸮4种鸟类的线粒体调控区进行了全序列测定。结果表明:短耳鸮的调控区长度为3290bp;长耳鸮为2848bp;纵纹腹小鸮为2444bp;灰林鸮为1771bp。短耳鸮的调控区长度是4种鸮中最大的,并且是目前已知最大的鸟类线粒体调控区。这4种鸮类调控区的基本结构和其他鸟类相似,按照碱基变化速率的不同可以分为3个区:碱基变化速率较快的外围区域Ⅰ、Ⅲ和保守的中间区域Ⅱ。这4种鸟类调控区的3′端均存在大量的串联重复序列,短耳鸮为126bp单元重复7次和78bp单元重复14次;长耳鸮为127bp单元重复8次和78bp单元重复6次;纵纹腹小鸮有3个重复单元,分别为89bp单元重复3次、77bp单元重复4次和71bp单元重复6次;灰林鸮仅有1个单元的串联重复为78bp重复5次。调控区中串联重复序列可能是由链的滑动错配产生,另外这些重复序列都能形成热力学稳定的多重茎环二级结构,而且在重复序列中还发现一些保守基序,这说明重复序列可能具有一定的生理功能,影响调控区的调控功能从而影响线粒体基因组的复制和转录。The sequence of the whole mitochondrial (mt) DNA control region (CR) of four species of Strigiformes was obtained. Length of the CR was 3 290 bp, 2 848 bp, 2 444 bp, and 1 771 bp for Asio flammeus, Asio otus, Athene noctua, and Strix aluco, respectively. Interestingly, the length of the control region was maximum in Asio flammeus among all the avian mtDNA control regions sequenced thus far. In addition, the base composition and organization of mtDNA CR of Asio flammeus were identical to those reported for other birds. On the basis of the differential frequencies of base substitutions, the CR may be divided two variable domains, Ⅰ and Ⅲ, and a central conserved domain, Ⅱ. The 3′ end of the CR contained many tandem repeats of varying lengths and repeat numbers. In Asio flammeus, the repeated sequences consisted of a 126 bp sequence that was repeated seven times and a 78 bp sequence that was repeated 14 times. In Asio otus, there were also two repeated sequences, namely a 127 bp sequence that was repeated eight times and a 78 bp sequence that was repeated six times. The control region of Athene noctua contained three sets of repeats: a 89 bp sequence that was repeated three times, a 77 bp sequence that was repeated four times, and a 71 bp sequence that was repeated six times. Strix aluco, however, had only one repeated sequence, a 78 bp sequence that was repeated five times. The results of this study seem to indicate that these tandem repeats may have resulted from slipped-strand mispairing during mtDNA replication. Moreover, there are many conserved motifs within the repeated units. These sequences could form stable stem-loop secondary structures, which suggests that these repeated sequences play an important role in regulating transcription and replication of the mitochondrial genome.This work was supported by the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (No. 30470936)

Synonymous Codon Usage of Both Alternativelyand Commonly Spliced Genes in Human Chromosome 1 I: Synonymous Codon Usage Bias Analysis

人类1号染色体可变剪接(选择性剪接)基因344非冗余蛋白质编码序列(188183密码子)和普通剪接(非可变剪接)基因的386蛋白质编码序列(223116密码子)被用于研究人类密码子使用偏爱模式。全部密码子使用数据分析表明,人类可变剪接基因密码子的偏爱水平显著高于普通剪接基因。在人类1号染色体基因中,密码子第三位置的G+C含量有很大的异质性(0 24～0 95),并且可变剪接基因密码子第三位置平均G+C含量(64 66%)大于普通剪接基因(59 97%)。Nc值对GC3s图显示密码子偏爱使用除了受核苷酸组成制约外,其它的因子可能也影响密码子的使用变化。此外,可变剪接基因中以G或C结尾的密码子比普通剪接基因出现的频率高。密码子使用的差异可能是由可变剪接基因pre mRNA特有的结构特征和多种剪接模式决定的。It is already clear that alternative splicing has an extremely important role in expanding the protein diversity. Comparative study of the codon usage patterns of alternatively and commonly spliced genes may thereby be necessary. In this paper, the patterns of codon usage bias of two kinds of human genes, alternatively spliced genes and commonly spliced genes, were formulated through analyzing 344 non-redundant protein coding sequences from alternatively spliced genes (188183 codons) and 386 from commonly spliced genes (223116 codons) in human chromosome (1. Overall) codon usage data analysis indicated that the alternatively spliced genes showed a stronger codon usage bias than commonly spliced genes. Very extensive heterogeneity of G+C content in silent third codon position (GC3s) was evident among these genes, and GC3s content of alternatively spliced genes was higher than that of commonly spliced genes. G- or C-ending codons were more abundant in alternatively spliced genes than commonly spliced genes in human chromosome 1. The causation of differences created could be explained by pre-mRNA structural characteristics of alternatively spliced genes influencing their codon usage bias.Chinapostdoctoralprogramsfoundation( 2 0 0 2 11

Synonymous Codon Usage of Both Alternativelyand Commonly Spliced Genes in Human Chromosome 1 II: Expression Pattern and Gene Length Shape Codon Usage

进一步研究基因表达水平和基因长度与密码子使用偏爱之间的关系。多变量统计分析发现,人类1号染色体选择性剪接基因和普通剪接基因密码子使用变化都呈现单一趋势,且它们之间的密码子使用模式也非常相似,推测的高表达基因确实偏爱以C或G结尾的密码子,基因表达水平与密码子使用偏爱之间的关联也达到显著水平。因此,人类1号染色体高表达基因密码子的使用偏爱可能主要被翻译选择所决定。此外,基因长度与密码子偏爱水平之间也存在高度相关,说明相对较短的基因具有较高的密码子使用偏爱,翻译选择可能缩短了高表达基因的长度从而提高翻译效率。We further explored the correlation between synonymous codon bias and gene expression level and gene length. Correspondence analysis showed that there was only a single trend in codon usage variation among alternatively and commonly spliced genes, and the pattern of codons usage was very similar in them. The putatively highly expressed genes preferred C- or G-ending codons, and the correlations between synonymous codon bias and gene expression levels were also very significant, which implied that translation selection might play an important role in dominating codon usage bias in highly expressed genes in humans. Surprisingly, a strong correlation between codon-usage bias and gene length was also observed, e.g. the shorter a gene′s length, the higher its expression capacity. It suggested that the selection of codons might result in the reduction of the length of highly expressed genes and enhancement of translational efficiency.Chinapostdoctoralprogramsfoundation( 2 0 0 2 11