Development actuality and trend of spectroscopy technique

阐述了光谱学光谱的分类,对原子发射光谱、原子吸收光谱、红外吸收光谱、拉曼光谱、X射线吸收光谱、X射线荧光光谱、紫外-可见吸收光谱、分子发光光谱这; 8种光谱方法的原理与发展现状作出了介绍,对光谱分析方法可能用到的数据处理方法进行了简要的概括。最后对光谱学与光谱分析技术的发展趋势进行了归纳。The classification of spectroscopy spectrum was analyzed. The principle; and development actuality for atomic emission spectroscopy,atomic; absorption spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy,Raman spectroscopy, X-ray; absorption spectroscopy,X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy,UV-Vis; absorption spectroscopy and molecular luminescence spectroscopy were; introduced. The data processing methods that spectral analysis method; may be used were summarized briefly. Finally, the development trend of; spectroscopy and spectral analysis technology was summarized.国家自然科学基金项目; 福建省软科学计划项

THE EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON EFFECTS of TEA POLYPHENOLS AGAINST HYPERURICEMIA IN RATS

目的观察茶多酚(TP)对高尿酸血症大鼠体内尿酸水平的影响,探讨其降低血尿酸作用的可能机制。方法取雄性Sd大鼠30只,分为空白对照、高尿酸血症模型、TP低、中、高剂量5组,每组6只。对模型组及TP干预组大鼠灌胃给以15 g/kg·d酵母膏、200 Mg/kg·d腺嘌呤及30 Mg/kg·d氧嗪酸钾联合造模30d;TP干预组在造模10d后灌胃给予TP,连续20d,剂量分别为100、200、300 Mg/kg·d,模型组继续灌胃造模剂,空白组灌胃等量生理盐水。实验结束时,测定血液和尿液中的尿酸(uA)、肌酐(Cr)及尿素氮(un)含量,检测肝脏和血清中的黄嘌呤氧化酶(XOd)活性以及尿酸排泄分数(fEuA)。结果模型组血尿酸水平较空白对照组明显升高(P0.05);模型组肝脏XOd活性明显高于空白对照组(P0.05).The activity of XOD in liver in model group was significantly higher than those of the controls(P<0.01), and lower in low dose group than those of the model group(P<0.05).The FEUA level of rats in medium group was higher than those of the controls and models(P<0.005).Conclusion Tea polyphenols reduce blood uric acid level in rats with hyperuricemia and the related mechanism may be associated with its inhibition on the activity of XOD in liver

SURVEY ON NUTRITION AND HEALTH STATUS of URBAN RESIDENTS IN XIAMEN

目的了解厦门市城区居民营养与健康状况。方法根据全国营养调查方案,2010年10~12月对厦门市城区的6个社区居委会居民进行调查,采用连续3 d 24 H回顾法对其中的519人进行膳食调查,用称重法调查调味品的消耗,计算每标准人日各类营养素的摄入量;依据“中国居民膳食营养素参考摄入量drIS(2000)“对膳食营养状况进行评价。对775人进行了健康体检。结果本次调查的厦门市城区居民人群的蛋类食物摄入适宜,谷薯类、蔬菜、水果、奶类、豆类食物摄入偏低,禽畜类、食用油、盐摄入偏高;宏量营养素供能比例不合理,脂肪、钠摄入偏高,膳食维生素A、硫胺素、核黄素、维生素C、钙、锌摄入不足状况严重;被调查人群低体重率为3.2%,超重率为32.3%,肥胖率为8.6%,高血压患病率为12.7%,贫血患病率为7.0%,空腹血糖受损率9.4%,考虑糖尿病率为6.7%,血脂异常率高达55.7%。结论被调查人群膳食结构不合理,部分微量营养素摄入不足,脂肪、盐摄入偏高,慢性病患病状况比较严重,群体健康状况不容乐观。Objective To investigate the nutrition and health status of urban residents in Xiamen.Methods According to the National Nutrition Survey Program, six community's residents of Xiamen were selected for the survey from Oct to Dec, 2010.Total of 519 subjects were surveyed with continuous 3 days 24 hours recall method to acquire the food consumption data, and the weighing method was employed to record the consumption of condiment.Then, the average intakes of nutrients per day were calculated.The average intakes of seven main nutrients per day were evaluated based on the Chinese Dietary Reference Intakes(DRIs)(2000).The health examination were carried on in 775 persons.Results The intakes of egg was adequate; and the intakes of cereals, potatoes, vegetables, fruits, milk, and beans were inadequate.Intakes of meat and oil were slightly higher.The proportion contributed by macronutrients for energy was inadequate and the intakes of fat and sodium were higher than the recommended level.Dietary intakes of vitamin A, thiamine, riboflavin, vitamin C, calcium, and zinc were insufficient.The rate of average underweight, overweight, obesity, hypertension, anemia, impaired fasting glucose, suspected diabetes and dyslipidemia among the study population were 3.2%, 32.3%, 8.6%, 12.7%, 7.0%, 9.4%, 6.7% and 55.7% respectively.Conclusion Dietary pattern was not adequate among the surveyed population.Some micronutrients were insufficient.However, intakes of salt and fat were higher than the recommended level.Consequently, the prevalence of chronic diseases were elevated, and the health status seriously compromised

开放知识资源的元数据自动采集策略研究

在对开放知识资源的内容和特点进行调研分析的基础上，研究开放知识资源的采集需求。并以专家遴选出的种子数据源为实证，总结分析不同数据源的特点，最终研究形成三种元数据自动采集策略: 基于OAI标准元数据收割协议的策略、基于抽取普通动态网页的策略、基于解析RSS 源接口的策略。</p

Study on Methods and Experimentation of Open Knowledge Resources Registry Integrates Linked Data

[目的/意义] 关联数据的可开放获取、学术资源丰富等特性为快速建立规划化的开放知识资源服务体系提供了重大契机，文章的研究旨在为相关开放资源登记类系统的未来发展提供理论基础。[方法/过程]文章以中国科学院开放知识资源登记系统为依托，重点研究并提出其集成关联数据的方法和技术，包括集成原则、简单集成方法和语义化集成方法等，并进行了相关实验研究。[结果/结论]能够实现将开放知识资源与关联数据进行语义化集成和关联发布。[局限]需要对关联数据和关联关系进行预处理；对集成后的关联数据的查询效率有待提高。</p

Study on Automatic Acquisition of Open Resources in Linked Data Sets

关联数据集中的开放资源是当前数字图书馆知识服务系统的重要登记对象和利用对象之一。通过调研分析关联数据集的资源内容类型和应用接口等特点，设计4个数据集遴选指标，归纳提出5种从关联数据集中获取开放资源的自动获取策略。同时，通过实验研究，对5种策略的优劣性进行了对比分析并给出了应用建议。</p

基于取样光栅的可调谐激光器的设计与研究

针对可调谐激光器光栅加工灵活性低和成本昂贵的问题,文章研究并设计了一种基于取样光栅（SG）的新型可调谐分布式布拉格反射（DBR）激光器以降低可调谐激光器的制作成本。文章提出利用SG取代传统DBR激光器的均匀光栅,在采用与均匀光栅相同的双光束干涉曝光工艺的情况下,可以在单片集成芯片中低成本并灵活地实现不同DBR激光器调谐范围的调整。通过对该结构DBR激光器的模拟研究发现,该激光器在工作范围内可以实现&gt;45 dB的边模抑制比（SMSR）,单个激光器可以实现10 nm以上的调谐,不同激光器调谐范围的取值可以实现40 nm以上的整体调整

查干湖和新立城水库秋季水体悬浮颗粒物和CDOM吸收特性

分别于2012年9月对不同盐度水体的查干湖和新立城水进行水体野外采样和室内实验分析，通过测定颗粒物、 CDOM等光学活性物质的吸收系数来对比分析两种水体的光学活性物质的吸收特性、 来源及其在400~700 nm范围内对总吸收系数的贡献. 结果表明，综合营养状态评价指数显示秋季查干湖、 新立城水库水体属于中等富营养化，总悬浮颗粒物的吸收光谱表现均与色素类颗粒物吸收光谱相似. 对于盐度较大的查干湖水体(EC=988.87 μS·cm~(-1))，非藻类颗粒物占主导地位，各组分贡献率为非藻类颗粒物>色素颗粒物>CDOM； 而盐度较低的新立城水库水体(EC=311.67 μS·cm~(-1)),色素颗粒物贡献率略大于非藻类颗粒物贡献，各组分贡献率依次为：色素颗粒物>非藻类颗粒物>CDOM. 查干湖总悬浮颗粒物吸收系数a_p(440)、 a_p(675)和非藻类颗粒物吸收系数a_d(440)分别与TSM(总悬浮颗粒物)、 ISM(无机悬浮颗粒物)和OSM(有机悬浮颗粒物)、 Chl-a(叶绿素a)相关性均较好，相关系数在0.55以上； 新立城水库a_p(440)、 a_p(675)与Chl-a相关性较好(0.77和0.85, P<0.05)，a_d(440)与ISM具有相关性(0.74, P<0.01)，与OSM表现为负相关(-0.63, P<0.05). 查干湖CDOM吸收系数a_g(440)仅与OSM表现为负相关性(-0.54, P<0.05)，而新立城水库a_g(440)与其他参数均无相关性. 通过对CDOM吸收曲线在250~400 nm的拟合所得到的S_g以及相对分子量M_r发现，查干湖的S_g [(0.021±0.001) m~(-1)]大于新立城的S_g[(0.017 6±0.001) m~(-1)]，而CDOM的相对分子量M_r值分别为11.44±2.00(7.5~15.09)、 7.53±0.79(6.17~8.89)，查干湖M_r值高于新立城水库水体，表明查干湖CDOM组成较新立城水体中CDOM的分子量小，组成更趋向于小分子. 查干湖受风速和湖岸坍塌的影响产生矿物悬浮、 沉积微粒，水体颗粒物以非藻类为主，部分来自于浮游植物降解产物； 新立城水库水体不仅有径流携带的陆源性无机物的输入，同时水体浮游植物生长减弱且微生物分解活动加强，降解有机颗粒物与非藻类吸收系数呈现负相关