DISTRIBUTION of ESTERASE ISOZYMES IN THE DIFFERENT TISSUES AND ORGANS of CHICKEN

采用不连续的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法，结合组织特异性染色和酶谱区带活性扫描技术，对家鸡的心、肝、肾、脾、胸肌、睾丸、卵巢、脑、眼晶体共9种组织器官的酯酶同工进行了测定，发现不同组织器官酯酶同工酶均有分布，呈现广谱性，但谱带模式又各不相同，具有很明显的组织器官特异性。酯酶谱带活性与各组织器官所执行的功能相吻合，说明酯酶在调节组织器官代谢中发挥重要作用。The discontinuous polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(PAGE )with the tissue speciFcity satining and zymogram band activity scanning techniques was used to detect the esterase isozymes of heart,liver,kideny,spleen,breaest,testis,ovary,brain and eyes of cbicken.The results show that the esterase isozyme was in all the tissuse and organs studied and had the wide ranging distribution.However,the zymogram pattern of every tissue and organ was diFFerent,i.e.it had the obvious tissue and/or organ speciFicity.The activity of the esterase bands had a close correspon- dence with the Function which the tissue and/or orgon had caried out,which demonstated that the esterases played an important role in the regulation of the metabolisms of tissues and organ

达尔文进化论的挑战——分子进化的中性学说

十九世纪中叶以前,弥漫在科学界上空的是特创论和物种不变论,首先打破这种阴霾空气的伟人当推英国生物学家达尔文。达尔文经过历时四载的航海考察,于1859年发表了创世之作《物种起源》,其核心进化论对科学界影响之巨大,被革命导师恩格斯将其与能量守恒定律和细胞学说一起,赞誉为十九世纪自然科学的三大发现。进化论在经过一个多世纪的风风雨雨之后,除被不断的补充、修正与完善之外,也遇到过强有力的挑战。本文在对达尔文主义和新达尔文主义作简短回顾的基础上,着重介绍非达尔文主义——分子进化的中性学说的形成、特点及对学术界的影响

Expressional Characteristics of EST Isozymes in the Chicken Ontogeny

通过对家鸡胚胎期1~16日龄全胚以及不同生长阶段肝、心、肾、眼、脑、胸肌各组织的EST同工酶PAgE分析表明，酶谱既呈阶段性表达，又具组织器官特异性表达，且谱带多少与活性和该组织器官执行的生理功能相吻合。在某些组织EST同工酶呈现较高程度的多态性。此外，对EST同工酶的遗传基础及其在个体发生中差别表达的调节进行了讨论。The polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE)analysis was conductedFor ESt isozymes of chicken's total embryo of 1 to 16 days old and various tissues(liver,heart,kindney,eyelens,brain and breast)in diFFerent stages.The results showed thatthe EST zymogram presented not only in stage expression but also in tissue and organspeciFic expression.Moreover,the number of the hands and activity corresponded to thephysiological Functions of that tissue in which the isozyme existed.The EST isozymeexhibited a higher polymorphism in some tissues.In addition,discussions were given tothe genetic background of EST isozymes and the regulation of EST genes to the expres-sion of EST isozymes in the chicken ontogeny

EXPRESSIONAL CHARACTERISTICS of MDH AND G6PD ISOZYMES IN THE ONTOGENY of CHICKEN

采用不连续缓冲系统的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法（PAgE法）结合组织特异性染色技术，对家鸡不同发育阶段和不同组织器官的苹果酸脱氢酶（MdH）和葡萄糖—6—磷酸脱氢酶（g6Pd）同工酶进行了测定。结果表明，MdH同工酶在家鸡体内既有阶段发育特征，又有组织器官特异性表现，且S—MdH和M—MdH的分布和表达的量上有较大差别，表现在S—MdH在谱带多少、组织分布普遍程度和酶活性高低上都强于M—MdH。认为MdH同工酶在家鸡体内主要参与该组织器官的脂肪代谢。g6Pd同工酶在家鸡未成年之前各发育阶段和各组织器官只呈现酶谱痕迹，成年之后仅在肝、心、肾、睾丸、胸肌中出现1~2条谱带，显示出分布的发育阶段和组织器官局限性。The MDH and G6PD isozymes in chicken′s various developmental stages and diFFerent tissues and organs were investigated by using dissontinous PAGE methed with tissue speciFic staining techniques.The results showed that MDH isozymes exhibited both stage developmental characteristics and tissue speciFic expression.Moreover,the distribution and amount of s- MDH and m -MDH had higher diFFerence,e.g.the band number,the degree of distribution and the enzyme activity of s-MDH were stronger than that of m-MDH.It has been considered that MDH isozymes mainly participates the Fat metabolism in which the isozyme presented based on the diFFerence of metabolic characteristis of s-MDH and m-MDH within the body of animal.G6PD isozymes only presented the zymogram trace in various developmental stages with diFFerent tissues and organs in young chicken and 1 to 2 bands in liver,heart,kidney,tesitis and breast in adult chicken,appeared a distribution limitation in developmental stages with tissues and organs

Study on Relationship Between Serum HBV DNA and e System in Hepatitis B Patients

用聚合酶链反应检测132例E系统阳性慢性乙型肝炎患者血清HbVdnA.结果表明，HbEAg阳性组，HbVdnA阳性率达89.9%；抗-HbE阳性组，HbVdnA阳性率为68.3%.HbVdnA阳性患者的丙氨酸水平显著高于HbAdnA阳性患者，结果表明大部分抗-HbE阳性患者体内仍存在HbV复制及病情进展.Serum HBV DNA From 132 chronic hepatitis B patients with positive e-systen was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).The results showed that the positive rate of HBV DNA was 89.9% in patients with positve HBeAg while that in patients with positive anti-HBe was 68.3%.Alanine transaminase level was signiFicantly higher in HBV DNA positive patients than that in HBV DNA negative patients.These results indicate that HBV replication still exists and the disease is also progressive in large number of patients with positive anti-HBe