Business Environment, Rent-Seeking and Enterprise Innovation

改革开放以来，我国经济经历了三十年的快速发展期，但粗放的经济增长方式却给资源和环境带来了巨大的压力，已不再适应我国经济的长期发展。创新是经济增长的内生力量，进入新常态的中国经济，要走可持续发展的道路，就必须向“创新驱动型”经济转变。企业是创新的微观主体，营商环境是企业赖以生存和发展的前提，因此，在经济转型的大背景下，研究营商环境对企业创新的影响具有重要的意义。 基于世界银行2012年的中国企业营商环境调查数据，本文构建了营商环境指标，运用Probit和OLS方法，研究了营商环境和寻租对企业创新的影响。研究发现：营商环境与企业的创新投入和创新产出之间均表现为显著的U型关系，即在营商环境的改善初...Since the reform and opening up, China’s economy has maintained a thirty-year high-speed development, while the extensive economic growth caused tremendous pressure over the resource and the environment, which is not suitable for China’s long-term economic development any more. As innovation is the endogenous force of economic growth, China’s new normal economy want to take the road of sustainable...学位：经济学硕士院系专业：经济学院_财政学学号：1552014115184

A Study on Madai And His Poetry

马戴是晚唐众多诗人中，存诗不多但取得较高艺术成就的诗人。与同时代的诗人一样，马戴同样感受着那衰飒的时代气氛，就其诗歌创作的整体倾向看，仍然是和晚唐审美趣味的变化相适应的，呈现出晚唐时代独有的衰飒风致。然而个人性情、境遇的不同，也造成了马戴异于众人的审美追求，并形成了独特的诗歌艺术风貌，丰富了晚唐诗歌的流丽画卷。马戴的诗歌历来受到诗评家的重视和赞誉，然而关于诗人的生平事迹的记载却很少，关于他的诗歌的研究也极为缺乏。显然，这对于全面认识晚唐诗歌是有所不足的。本文联系晚唐特定的社会文化背景，分四个章节对马戴的生平事迹及其诗歌艺术成就进行了较为全面系统的分析研究。第一章：在历代史料记载和前人研究成果的...Among all the literati in the late Tang Dynasty, Madai, with a small number of poems now in existence, have made great achievement in literary creation. As most coetaneous literati, Madai also felt the decline atmosphere of an overripe time, so in many way, his composing followed after the change of the era and express the typical desolate and bleak vision of the late Tang Dynasty. Due to his own ...学位：文学硕士院系专业：人文学院中文系_中国古代文学学号：20030103

保障性住房能够缓解房价上涨使房价回归合理

本文阐述了保障性住房概念,认为保障性住房的大量入市对缓解住房供求矛盾将产生积极作用,有利于改变房地产业现有供求格局,对缓解房价的上涨产生重大影响,使房价回归合理

体育游戏对幼儿身体素质影响的实验研究

1问题的提出现代社会的发展使生活方式和生活内容却发生了巨大的变化,互联网和电子产品的使用使人们足不出户就可以购物娱乐和了解世界。信息时代在给人们带来极大便利的同时,也产生了许多负面影响。尤其对于少年儿童而言,沉溺于电子产品和网络游戏,缺乏户外活

会计信息质量监管模式的构建及实施对策

本文从会计信息的质量及其监管现状入手,分析了目前会计管理存在的主要问题,构建了会计信息质量监管的具体模式,提出了对会计信息质量监管的具体措施。黑龙江省自然科学基金项目“黑龙江省会计信息质量监督保障体系研究”(课题编号:G2004-10)的阶段性研究成果;; 黑龙江省教育厅课题“建立法制化会计管理制度问题研究”(课题编号:1151hq024)的阶段性研究成

休闲体育产业界定刍议

为了明确休闲体育产业概念,运用文献资料法、逻辑推理法、类比分析法对休闲体育、产业、体育产业等概念进行层层剖析,以社会再生产和产业关联理论为视角对休闲体育产业的内涵、外延进行分析和探讨,提出休闲体育产业应分为休闲体育本体产业和休闲体育相关产业

Cloning and expression of egI gene from Penicillium decumbens L-06

【目的】克隆斜卧青霉l-06的内切葡聚糖酶Ⅰ基因(EgI),并实现其在大肠杆菌内的高效表达。【方法】利用rT-PCr技术克隆了斜卧青霉l-06的内切葡聚糖酶Ⅰ基因(EgI),并将EgI基因克隆到原核表达载体中,构建了重组质粒PET32A-EgI。【结果】转化至大肠埃希菌rOSETTA(dE3),经IPTg诱导重组蛋白表达,SdS-PAgE检测结果表明:重组表达产物的相对分子质量约为80 kd,与预期相符。重组表达的菌悬液,经破碎离心,取其上清液,进行纤维素酶活性染色,获得了活性条带。dnS法测得内切酶活力为2.56 Iu/Ml。【结论】构建了斜卧青霉l-06内切葡聚糖酶Ⅰ的原核表达系统。[Objective] The research focus on cloning endoglucanase I(egI) gene from Peni-cillium decumbens L-06 and expressing in Escherichia coli with high efficiency.[Methods] egI gene was cloned from Penicillium decumbens L-06 by RT-PCR method.Recombinant plasmid pET32a-egI was constructed and was transformed into Escherichia coli rosetta(DE3).Recombinant protein with His-tag was expressed in E.coli rosetta(DE3) after induction with IPTG and then was purified with the Ni-NTA affinity chromatography.[Results] As expected,the relative molecular mass was approximately 80kD after analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting.Hydrolysis activity of recombinant protein was assayed by cellulase activity staining and DNS method(2.56 IU/mL).[Conclusion] The results achieve the purpose as con-structing prokaryotic expression system and expressing egI gene.国家自然科学基金项目(No.41076106);广东省自然科学基金项目(No.S2011030005257);广东省科技计划项目(No.2009B090300346);广东高校科技创新重点项目(No.CXZD1124

Signal-induced Brd4 release from chromatin is essential for its role transition from chromatin targeting to transcriptional regulation

Bromodomain-containing protein Brd4 is shown to persistently associate with chromosomes during mitosis for transmitting epigenetic memory across cell divisions. During interphase, Brd4 also plays a key role in regulating the transcription of signal-inducible genes by recruiting positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb) to promoters. How the chromatin-bound Brd4 transits into a transcriptional regulation mode in response to stimulation, however, is largely unknown. Here, by analyzing the dynamics of Brd4 during ultraviolet or hexamethylene bisacetamide treatment, we show that the signal-induced release of chromatin-bound Brd4 is essential for its functional transition. In untreated cells, almost all Brd4 is observed in association with interphase chromatin. Upon treatment, Brd4 is released from chromatin, mostly due to signal-triggered deacetylation of nucleosomal histone H4 at acetylated-lysine 5/8 (H4K5ac/K8ac). Through selective association with the transcriptional active form of P-TEFb that has been liberated from the inactive multi-subunit complex in response to treatment, the released Brd4 mediates the recruitment of this active P-TEFb to promoter, which enhances transcription at the stage of elongation. Thus, through signal-induced release from chromatin and selective association with the active form of P-TEFb, the chromatin-bound Brd4 switches its role to mediate the recruitment of P-TEFb for regulating the transcriptional elongation of signal-inducible genes.National Natural Science Foundation of China[30930046, 30670408, 81070307]; Natural Science Foundation of Fujian[C0210005, 2010J01231]; Science Planning Program of Fujian Province[2009J1010, 2010J1008]; National Foundation for fostering talents of basic science[J1030626

Y型聚乙二醇干扰素琢-2b注射液治疗HCV基因2/3型慢性丙型肝炎患者疗效和安全性的多中心随机对照试验研究

目的以标准剂量的聚乙二醇干扰素(Peg IFN)α-2a联合利巴韦林作为阳性对照,评价新型试验药物Y型Peg IFNα-2b注射液联合利巴韦林治疗2型/3型慢性丙型肝炎(CHC)患者的疗效和安全性。方法采用多中心、随机开放、阳性药对照的Ⅲ期临床试验,筛选符合要求的2型/3型CHC患者,按照2:1的比例随机分配到Y型Peg IFNα-2b组和Peg IFNα-2a组,同时口服利巴韦林,疗程24 w,停药随访24 w。采用Abbott Real Time HCV Genotype II检测HCV基因型,采用Cobas Taq Man实时定量PCR法检测血清HCV RNA水平。详细记录不良事件。主要疗效指标为持续病毒学应答(SVR),并进行非劣效检验。结果本试验实际入组2型/3型CHC患者255例,实际治疗241例。全分析集(FAS)数据显示,158例试验组和83例对照组患者SVR分别为85.4%(95%CI 79.94%~90.94%)和79.5%(95%CI 70.84%~88.20%,P=0.2402);对符合方案分析集(PPS)人群分析显示,试验组和对照组患者SVR分别为87.9%(95%CI 82.45%~93.27%)和85.9%(95%CI 77.82%~94.01%,P=0.7060),率差的95%可置信区间均符合非劣效标准;对PPS人群分析显示,85.8%受试者获得了早期病毒学应答(RVR),RVR的阳性预测值为90.1%;试验组和对照组不良事件发生率相似,分别为95.6%和95.2%,严重不良事件发生率分别为3.8%和3.6%。结论应用Peg IFNα联合利巴韦林治疗2型/3型CHC患者,新型试验药物Y型Peg IFNα-2b具有与对照药物Peg IFNα-2a相似的疗效和安全性。国家科技部“十二五”重大专项(编号:2012ZX10002-003)；“重大新药创制”十二五科技重大专项(编号:2012ZX09303019)

INTRODUCTION TO THE SUPERCRITICAL CO_2 EXTRACTION AND APPLICATION IN EXTRACTION of FLAVONOIDS FROM ECLIPTA PROSTRATE

墨旱莲是一种药食两用的天然植物资源,其中含有丰富的黄酮类物质。介绍了墨旱莲黄酮类物质的提取和精制工艺,同时简述了墨旱莲黄酮类物质的抗氧化作用。着重介绍超临界二氧化碳萃取墨旱莲中的黄酮研究和运用,包括萃取剂的选用,参数的设定和萃取效果的预测等,墨旱莲中的黄酮类物物质可以用乙醇提取,也可以用水提取,醇提的得率随提取温度、提取时间、乙醇浓度的增加而提高,但提纯温度过高,得率反而下降。The eclipta prostrate is a kind of natural resource which is edible and can be used to produce drugs.It contains abundant flavonoid compounds.It was introduced the extraction and refining process,as well as the anti-oxidation of the flavonoid compounds.Applications of supercritical CO2 extraction of flavonoid were described including the selection of extractant,setting of the parameters and the prediction of the effect of extraction.The compounds in an eclipta prostrate can be extracted by ethanol or water.When ethanol is used to extract flavonoid compounds,the generation rate will be increased with the increase of temperature,time and the concentration of ethanol while the rate will be decreased if the temperature is too high