氯离子和溶氧对苯丙氨酸解氨酶的失活作用

由肉桂酸和氨酶法合成l-苯丙氨酸(l-PHE)的反应是热力学上不利的.因为当苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PHEnylAlAnInEAMMOnIA-lyASE,PAl)被用在具有高PH,高氨和相对高的肉桂酸浓度的环境中被认为引起PAl的快速失活.通过转化反应实验,证明氯离子和溶氧的存在是PAl真正失活的因素.天津市自然科学基金资助项

セイテキ ギャクタイ ニ オケル ヒミツ シュギ ト ムリョクカン ノ ヤクワリ Freud Ferenczi Winnicott ノ リロン ノ レビュー カラ

This article gives an overview of Freud, Ferenczi, and Winnicott's theories and some contemporary psychoanalytic views on child sexual abuse. By comparing their theories on psychological trauma, the authors demonstrate how the confusion of tongues, splitting, the false self, and cumulative trauma connect to secrecy and helplessness, making it difficult for the child to access support. The child's secrecy can be seen as a result of internal conflict and their struggle against the abuse. It also reinforces the compliant self, creating confusion and dissociation, ultimately making the child more vulnerable. The authors argue that the experience of being forced to keep secret may be traumatic and that rejection by the potential protector will increase helplessness. This implies that trauma in child sexual abuse can be cumulative rather than a sudden shock. Most child victims come from dysfunctional families where the sense of helplessness is acute and passed down between generations. Therefore, to understand the psychological impact of sexual abuse inflicted upon a child, one must not only look at the traumatic event, symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder, and behavior. We must focus on the child's subjective experience, including the impact of the sexual trauma on personality development and the internal conflicts caused by environmental factors such as family dynamics

Advances in preparation of mesoporous silica nanoparticles and its use as different functional drug

近年来,有越来越多的文献报道关于介孔二氧化硅纳米粒（mesoporous silica nanoparticles,MSN）作药物载体的研究。本文结合近几年国内外的相关文献,介绍了由Mobli公司合成的M41S系列,圣巴巴拉大学合成的SBA系列,以及中空介孔二氧化硅纳米粒这3种最常见的MSN的特点及制备方法,并举例介绍了MSN作为药物速释载体的相关研究,同时从p H敏感型、热敏型、光响应型三方面介绍了MSN作为药物控释载体的研究。从相关研究结果可以看出,将MSN作为药物的载体,鉴于其独特的介孔孔径、可调节的纳米孔道结构、易于功能化修饰的表面等特点,可以实现对药物的速释、缓释及控释释放。由此可见,选择将MSN作为药物的载体具有广阔的应用前景。In the past a few years, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) have attracted more and more attention for their application in drug delivery. The recent relative literature was used for reference to introduce the characteristics and preparation of M41S series MSN (synthesized by Mobil Corporation), the SBA series MSN (synthesized by Santa Barbara University), and hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles. Examples were presented to introduce the use of MSN as immediate drug delivery carrier. The use of MSN as controlled drug delivery carrier (CDDC) was illustrated via pH-responsive CDDC, temperature-sensitive CDDC, and light-triggered CDDC. MSN showed great properties in immediate/sustained/controlled drug delivery system, in view of their unique mesoporous pore diameter, adjustable nano-channel, and surface easily to be modified. The selection of MSN as drug carrier has a broad application prospect. ? 2017, Chinese Journal of New Drugs Co. Ltd. All right reserved.福建省科技计划重点项目（2013Y0074

Preparation of mesoporous silica nanoparticles in different pore size and its use in the solidification of sirolimus loaded self-microemulsifying drug delivery system

研究制备了不同孔径的介孔二氧化硅纳米粒及西罗莫司自微乳。使用扫描电镜、透射电镜、小角度X-射线衍射、氮气吸附-脱附表征制得的介孔二氧化硅纳米粒,发现其为有序的纳米孔道结构,孔径分别为6.3、8.1和10.8 nm,通过粒径测定仪测得西罗莫司自微乳粒径为20.6±1.3 nm。通过搅拌法制备载西罗莫司自微乳介孔二氧化硅纳米粒。研究发现,当西罗莫司自微乳与介孔二氧化硅纳米粒质量比2∶1时为最佳比例,载药量约为0.83%,且固体粉末流动性良好。采用差示扫描量热法表明,西罗莫司以非晶体或无定形存在于载体材料中,重分散性良好。孔径大小对于载西罗莫司自微乳介孔二氧化硅纳米粒在250 m L水中2 h的释放终点并没有显著影响,但对于最初40 min释放结果影响较大。综上,介孔二氧化硅纳米粒有望成为一种新型的自微乳吸附剂。The mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) in different pore size and sirolimus (SRL) loaded self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) were prepared. The results in morphology were collected by scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, small-angle X-ray diffraction, and N2 adsorption-desorption. The results showed that the prepared MSN has ordered nanochannels with a pore size of 6.3, 8.1, 10.8 nm, respectively. The particle size of SRL-SMEDDS were measured by particle sizing system, which was 20.6 ± 1.3 nm. The stirring method was developed to prepare SRL-SMEDDS-MSN. It was found that the optimal ratio of SRL-SMEDDS to MSN was 2: 1, while the drug loading rate was near 0.83%, and the flow properties of SRL-SMEDDS-MSN were of good condition. The differential scanning calorimetry results proving a molecular or amorphous dispersed state of SRL in MSN while the suspension experiment has shown great reconstitution properties of SRL-SMEDDS-MSN. There is no significant influence on maximum drug release rate of different pore size of SRL-SMEDDS-MSN in 250 mL water within 2 h, while the results of the first 40 min have an obvious difference. Above all, MSN might provide a new strategy for the solidification of SMEDDS.福建省科技计划重点资助项目（2013Y0074

石羊河流域苜蓿生长适宜灌溉方式试验研究

为研究不同灌溉方式对紫花苜蓿生长的影响,在田间试验基础上,设置了地下滴灌(SDI)和喷灌(SI) 2种灌溉方式。结果表明,0～100 cm土层内,SDI处理土壤体积含水率最高;SDI处理苜蓿株高和单株干质量均显著高于SI处理,但其茎叶比显著低于SI处理;相比SI处理,SDI处理第2茬和第3茬苜蓿草产量分别提高了14.92%和23.60%,苜蓿水分利用效率分别提高了21.46%和34.41%。地下滴灌有利于促进苜蓿的生长和产量以及水分利用效率的提高

石羊河流域喷灌不同灌水量对苜蓿生长、产量及水分利用效率的影响

通过大田喷灌试验,研究了苜蓿生长适宜的灌水量。结果表明,喷灌条件下不同灌水处理苜蓿的生长、产量、水分利用效率与耗水量有极高的相关性(R2>0.97);随着灌水量增加,苜蓿生长越好,产量越高,当灌水量大于140mm时,苜蓿产量不再随灌水量增加而增加;苜蓿的水分利用效率随着耗水量的增加先增加后降低,灌水利用效率随耗水量的增加降低,差异均显著(P<0.05)。该研究揭示喷灌条件下140mm的灌水量不仅可以使石羊河流域苜蓿增产还可以节约水资源

基于摩擦影响的渐开线直齿圆柱齿轮温度场分析

以渐开线直齿圆柱齿轮为研究对象,利用前期研究所得到的摩擦因数公式及多体动力学软件ADAMS,可以求得主、从动齿轮在不同啮合位置的摩擦热流量。应用ANSYS软件对齿轮进行稳态温度场分析,研究转速对齿轮温度场的影响。结果表明,考虑到齿轮在不同啮合位置的摩擦因数不同,可以更加准确地分析齿轮的本体温度场;齿轮表面温度场的分布主要与传输到齿面的摩擦热流量和齿面散热有关;齿轮转速是影响齿轮本体温度的重要因素,主、从动齿轮的齿面最高温度均随着转速的增加而升高

西北旱区灌溉方式对苜蓿生长及水分利用效率的影响

为探讨不同灌溉方式对紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)生长、水分利用效率及产量的影响,通过田间试验研究了地下滴灌(SDI)、畦灌(BI)、喷灌(SI)和不灌溉处理(CK)4种灌溉方式下苜蓿生长的变化。结果表明:各处理间,SDI的土壤含水率在试验期间最高,且SDI的苜蓿株高、分枝数、单株叶面积及单株干重均显著高于BI,SI和CK;SDI两茬的产量分别为4815.87和4300.41kg·hm-2,与BI,SI和CK相比,第2茬分别提高了10.56%,14.92%和95.26%,第3茬分别提高了13.64%,23.60%和120.85%,均达到显著水平(P<0.05);SDI两茬的水分利用效率分别为2.66和2.50kg·m-3,较BI和SI处理,第2茬分别提高了17.70%和21.46%,第3茬提高了20.77%和34.41%,均达到显著水平(P<0.05)。因此,从苜蓿生长、产量及水分利用效率角度考虑,地下滴灌是西北旱区最为适宜的灌溉方式

西北旱区灌溉方式对苜蓿产量及品质的影响

为探究灌溉方式对紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)产量及品质的影响,进行苜蓿地下滴灌(SDI)、畦灌(BI)、喷灌(SI)和对照(CK)4种处理的大田试验。结果表明,与其他3种处理相比,SDI的土壤含水量最高,CK最低。SDI的产量及水分利用效率均显著高于其他3个处理(