10 research outputs found

    Optimization of Raw Material Inventory Management in C Co., LTD

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    C公司是一家大型汽车零部件制造企业。它的上游是原材料供应商,通过采购部门与供应商进行原材料的采购,之后,生产出汽车零部件成品,通过销售部门出售给客户。由此可以看出,它同时受到供应商和客户这“两座大山”所施加的压力。一方面,市场的波动和客户的需求相互作用,从而对公司的生产计划和采购计划等的制定有一定的影响;另一方面,因为供应商的数量很大并且其在发展水平方面参差不齐,这导致公司在供应链方面无法统一管理和协同运作。另外,公司由于有其本身发展和资源整合等方面的限制,其在库存的管控方面也会存在很多的待改进之处。因此,本文对公司现有的库存管控方法的研究和改进有一定的借鉴意义。 本文通过对其库存控制及需求...C company is a large auto parts manufacturing enterprises. The upper reaches is suppliers, with whom to purchase raw materials through the purchasing departments, then the production of auto parts, through the sales department to sell to customers. It can be seen that it is subject to the dual pressures of customers and suppliers. On the one hand, changes in the market will have a certain impact o...学位:工程硕士院系专业:管理学院_工程硕士(物流工程)学号:1772014115104

    精神分裂症患者情绪知觉的神经成像研究(综述)

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    近来,关注精神分裂症患者情绪知觉的研究越来越多。对此研究的历史可以追溯到Kraepelin(1856—1926)和Bleuler(1857—1939),他们认为情感障碍可能是精神分裂症患者的一个显著特征。Heinrichs认为目前在对精神分裂症患者的研究上,“装在玻璃杯里的证据。一半是满的,一半是空的。也就是说,目前对于精神分裂症症状(幻觉、错觉等)的描述中,并没有覆盖整个认知缺损

    Emotional, memory and daily function among health care worker survivors with SARS

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    目的:调查医务人员严重急性呼吸综合征(SARS)幸存者康复期的情绪、记忆和日常生活功能,探讨心身交互作用关系。方法:采用前瞻性研究。方便取样抽取北京三家医院因感染新型冠状病毒而患SARS的医务人员43名,并选取年龄、性别、受教育程度匹配的对照组41名。对照组来自这三家医院的医务人员,用抑郁自评量表(SDS)评估抑郁,视觉模拟疼痛评定量表(VAS)评定疼痛,加州洛杉矶听觉词语学习测验(WHO-UCLA AVLT)及Rey-Osterrieth复杂图形测验(ROCF)评定记忆,日常生活能力量表(ADLS)评估日常生活功能。抑郁按严重指数(被试总分/80)分为轻中重三个等级。结果:医务人员SARS幸存者存在持续和显著的抑郁(轻、中、重度抑郁分别占31%、35%和17%)和疼痛,与对照组相比,存在更多的词语插入错误(P=0.047)。疼痛与情绪(r=0.40,P=0.031)和日常生活功能得分(r=0.47,P=0.01)显著正相关。甲基强的松龙治疗时间与日常生活功能得分显著正相关(r=0.38,P=0.041)。结论:抑郁及疼痛症状是SARS幸存者需要持续关注和处理的问题,在SARS治疗中长期大量使用甲基强的松龙应当慎重。Objective: To investigate the emotional, memory and daily function as well as psychosomatic re- lations of health care worker in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) survivors. Method: A total of 43 health care worker SARS survivors and 41 healthy control subjects in three hospitals in Beijing were assessed de- pression with the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), pain with Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), dally function with Activities of Daily Living Scale (ADLS), and memory function with World Health Organization-University of Cali- fornia-Los Angeles Auditory Verbal Learning Test (WHO-UCLA AVLT) and Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test (ROCF). The depression was classified according to the severity index ( total score/80). Results: The cohort expe- rienced lasting and striking depression (mild, moderate and severe depression were 31%, 35 % and 17% ) and pain (VAS = 5.2 ± 2. 2). Compared with the healthy control group, SARS survivors had more intrusion errors (P = 0. 047). Pain was positively correlated with emotion (r =0. 40, P =0. 031) and dally functioning (r =0. 47, P =0. 01). The duration of methylprednisolone treatment was also positively correlated with daily functioning ( r = 0. 38, P = 0. 041 ). Conclusion: Depression and pain are the major problems of SARS survivors which should be concerned about and handled to the physicians in general or infectious disease hospitals. Long-term utilization and overdosage of glucocorticoid are cautioned against in SARS treatment

    双相障碍的社会认知研究进展

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    有研究显示精神分裂症、抑郁症及精神障碍高危人群中患者表现出社会认知的缺损,而关于双相障碍患者的研究较少.社会认知中强调对认知过程的理解包括对他人、自我、人际关系、社会群体、社会角色和规则的认知[1],目前该领域的研究主要包括情绪知觉、心理理论(theory of mind)和共情(empathy)、归因(attribution)和社会知识[2].</p

    The effect of institutionalization on gray matter volume in patients with schizophrenia: Evidence from a voxel-based-morphometry study

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    摘要:精神分裂症患者在大脑结构上存在异常,已有研究表明灰质体积的异常广泛存在于分裂症患者大脑如额叶,颞叶及顶叶等脑区,但目前仍然不清楚长期住院对精神分裂症患者脑结构的改变是否存在影响。 本研究共招募21名健康被试和46名精神分裂症患者,其中21名为长期住院15年以上的患者,25名为社区康复的患者(15年内住院时间不超过6个月),所有被试完成T1加权脑结构像磁共振扫描。采用基于体素的形态学分析方法(voxel-based morphometry)进行脑成像数据的预处理,并使用方差分析考察灰质体积的组间差异(FDR校正,p&lt;0.05)。使用MarsBar将差异脑区定义为感兴趣区并提取其灰质体积,进一步用SPSS软件分析患者组之间的差异及其与健康对照组之间的差异。方差分析结果发现,三组被试之间存在显著差异的脑区主要包括丘脑、左侧眶额叶、右侧梭状回、左侧颞上回、右侧角回、右侧舌回、右侧扣带后回及左侧海马旁回;事后检验发现,与健康对照组相比,住院患者与社区康复患者在以上区域的灰质体积显著减少,同时住院精神分裂症患者在丘脑及右侧舌回的灰质体积显著小于社区康复患者。 综上所述,大脑灰质体积的异常在长期住院与社区康复的精神分裂症患者身上均出现,而这样的异常在长期住院患者的部分特定脑区中相对更为明显,因此,脑结构的异常是精神分裂症患者的一种病理学特质,而长期住院可能对精神分裂症患者大脑结构异常有一定影响。</p

    Severity of different factors of anhedonia in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders

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    【摘要】目的:探索快感缺乏的不同成分(消费性快感缺乏和抽象性消费快感)在精神分裂症谱系障碍(超高危、急性期和稳定期)中的严重程度和特点。方法:选取符合精神病风险综合征诊断标准的22例超高危患者(超高危组)、符合美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版诊断标准的23例精神分裂症首次发病的急性期患者(急性期组)和18例精神分裂症稳定期患者(稳定期组),以及22例正常对照。采用阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)评价阳性症状严重程度、阴性症状量表(SANS)评价阴性症状严重程度、愉快情绪体验量表(TEPS)评价快感缺乏严重程度。采用ANOVA检验或非参数检验及其两组间差异的比较分析4组快感缺乏的特点,采用Pearson相关分析快感缺乏自评与他评之间的相关性。结果:超高危组、急性期组患者TEPS消费性快感缺乏得分[(37&plusmn;9),(34&plusmn;8)VS.(44&plusmn;9),P〈0.01]和抽象性消费快感缺乏得分[(24&plusmn;6),(21&plusmn;7)VS.(28&plusmn;6),P〈0.01]高于正常对照。稳定期组患者与正常对照的TEPS消费性快感缺乏得分和抽象性消费快感缺乏得分的差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。4组TEPS期待性快感缺乏得分差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。超高危组和急性期组中,TEPS消费性快感缺乏得分和期待性快感缺乏得分与SANS快感缺乏得分相关无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。稳定期组中,TEPS消费性快感缺乏得分和期待性快感缺乏得分与SANS快感缺乏得分高度负相关(r=-0.60~-0.80,均P〈0.05)。结论:急性期精神分裂症患者和超高危人群,而非稳定期患者,可能存在明显的消费性快感缺乏而非期待性快感缺乏。快感缺乏的自评和他评结果在急性期精神分裂症患者和超高危人群中可能缺乏一致性,而在稳定期患者中具有一致性。</p

    motor coordination and white matter integrity in prefrontal lobe and corticospinal tract in first-episode schizophrenia

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    目的:应用弥散张量成像(DTI)探讨首发精神分裂症患者神经系统软体征中的运动协调功能与前额叶白质及皮质脊髓束各向异性比值(FA)的关系。方法:纳入42例符合美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版(DSM-IV)诊断标准的首发精神分裂症患者和46例年龄、性别及受教育年限相匹配的健康对照。两组研究对象均用剑桥神经科检查(CNI)评定神经系统软体征,并接受头颅磁共振成像检查。用阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)评估患者组基线和半年后的临床症状。用感兴趣区测定的方法,分析患者组和对照组神经系统软体征中的运动协调领域分与前额叶白质及皮质脊髓束各层面(内囊、大脑脚、小脑中脚水平)FA值间的关系。结果:神经系统软体征中的运动协调领域分在患者组中与前额叶白质FA值呈正相关(r=0.35,P<0.05)。结论:本研究提示首发精神分裂症患者半年后阴性症状高分组、低分组及正常人群中,运动协调功能相关的脑区分别为前额叶、内囊和小脑中脚层面的皮质脊髓束,提示有必要进一步研究运动协调功能相关的脑区不同对患者预后的预测意义。Objective: To investigate the correlation between motor coordination in neurological soft signs and fractional anisotropy (FA) value of prefrontal white matter and corticospinal tract in patients with first-episode schizophrenia. Methods: Forty two first-episode schizophrenic patients meeting the criteria of Diagnostic and Statis- tical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) and 46 normal controls matched on age, gender and education underwent neurological examination with excerpt of Cambridge Neurological Inventory (CNI) and diffu-sion tensor imaging (DTI). Symptom evaluation with PANSS was conducted at baseline and 6-month follow- up. Results: Motor coordination was positively correlated with FA value of prefrontal whiter matter in patients ( r = 0. 35, P 〈 0.05), while in controls it was positively correlated with FA value of corticospinal tract (r = 0. 34, P 〈 0.05). Motor coordination was positively correlated with FA value of prefrontal whiter matter (r = 0. 68, P 〈 0. 05) and negatively correlated with corticospinal tract (r = -0. 67, P 〈 0. 05) in patients with severer negative symptoms at 6-month follow-up, while it was positively correlated with FA value of internal capsule (r =0. 60, P 〈0. 05) in patients with milder negative symptoms. Conclusion: Motor coordination in neurological soft signs may be related to white matter integrity in prefrontal lobe, internal capsule and corticospinal cord in patients with severer negative symptoms at 6-month follow-up, patients with milder negative symptoms and normal controls, respectively. The differences of regions correlated with motor soft signs suggest different pathologic impairment occur in patients with different symptoms, and may predict negative symptoms at 6-month follow-up

    The relationship between depressive symptoms and reduced pleasure forecasting: the mediating role of low pleasure belief

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    摘要:情绪预期是指个体对于未来事件引起的情绪反应的预测。前人研究发现,抑郁症状更多的个体比抑郁症状更少的个体预期更少的愉快情绪,然而其背后的工作机制尚未清楚。低愉快信念是指个体认为某些特定的活动不愉快,或个体认为自己总体上不能体验到愉快情绪。低愉快信念可能影响情绪预期的加工,也可能与抑郁症状存在联系,因此低愉快信念可能是抑郁症状与情绪预期缺损的中介因素。本研究将探讨低愉快信念与抑郁症状的关系,并进一步探讨低愉快信念在抑郁症状与降低的愉快情绪预期中的中介作用。本研究共收集1427份有效问卷,其中男生411人(22.88&plusmn;2.50岁),女生1016人(21.95&plusmn;2.25岁)。研究采用贝克抑郁量表对抑郁症状进行测量;采用愉快信念量表测量低愉快信念;采用时间性愉快体验量表、期待性与即时性人际间愉快体验量表中的期待性条目测量对愉快情绪的预期。本研究采用偏相关分析探讨低愉快信念与抑郁症状的关系,并采用结构方程模型探讨低愉快信念的中介作用。研究结果发现,在控制了年龄与性别的条件下,低愉快信念与抑郁症状之间存在显著的正相关(r=0.36, p&lt;0.001)。此外,观测数据与假设的中介模型吻合度良好(RMSEA=0.007; CFI=1; TLI=0.999; &chi;2=1.07; p=0.30),低愉快信念的中介作用显著(&beta;=-0.14, 90% CI=-0.173 to &ndash; 0.111, p&lt;0.001)。研究结果提示了抑郁症状个体可能有低愉快信念,并且低愉快信念可能是造成抑郁症状人群减少的愉快情绪预期的原因之一。</p

    Prevalent rate of neurological soft signs in patients with depression

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    目的:探讨抑郁症患者的神经软体征的行为学特征。方法:以68例符合美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版(DSM-IV)诊断标准的门诊或住院抑郁症患者及68名健康对照为研究对象,采用剑桥神经科检查(CNI)软体征测试分量表,从运动协调、感觉整合、抑制功能三方面对两组对象进行神经软体征的行为学测查。并使用汉密顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评估抑郁症患者的病情严重程度。本调查中所有患者均处于抑郁缓解期,且均正在接受抗抑郁药物的治疗。结果:抑郁症组的HAMD平均得分为(18.2±7.8)。抑郁症组与对照组的神经软体征测试总分[(3.2±2.8)vs.(3.5±2.6)]、运动协调分[(0.9±1.3)vs.(1.2±1.6)]、感觉整合分[(1.5±1.5)vs.(1.3±1.0)]、抑制功能分[(0.8±0.9)vs.(0.9±1.0)]差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论:本研究显示处于抑郁缓解期并接受抗抑郁药物治疗的抑郁症患者与健康对照的神经软体征整体表现基本一致。Objective: To compare the prevalent rates of neurological soft signs (NSS) in patients with de- pression with those of normals. Methods: Sixty-eight in-and outpatients with depression and 68 demographically matched healthy controls took part in the study. All patients were diagnosed by experienced psychiatrists according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria, and the severity of their depression was assessed with the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD). In addition, all patients were in the remission stage and were receiving anti-depression treatment. The NSS subscales (motor coordination, sensory inte- gration, and disinhibition) of the Cambridge Neurological Inventory (CNI) were administered to all patients and healthy controls. Results: The mean score of HAMD in patients was ( 18.2 ± 7. 8). No significant group differences were found for the total score of NSS [ (3.2 ± 2. 8) vs. (3.5 ± 2. 6) ] and the subscale scores of motor coordination [ (0. 9 ± 1.3) vs. ( 1.2 ± 1.6) ], sensory integration [ ( 1.5 ± 1.5) vs. ( 1.3 ± 1.0)] and disinhibition [ (0. 8 ± 0. 9) vs. (0. 9 ±1.0)]. Conclusion: It suggests that the prevalent rates of neurological soft signs in patients with remis- sion depression and healthy controls may be similar
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