67 research outputs found

    Metaphor Comprehension Method Based on Relevance Constraints

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    隐喻理解已成为语言学、认知学、计算机科学等研究的重要课题,也是自然语言处理中不可避免的任务.提出一种基于相关性约束的隐喻理解方法,利用隐含的相关; 角度计算目标域和源域的相关程度.首先,基于词、词的主题及语篇的主题扩展出多层次的语义表示;然后,利用上下文信息的相关关系,构建多层次的相关性模型; ,模型通过多种角度的相关关系将跨层次的语义信息关联起来;接着,采用random; walk的方法,通过迭代计算获得隐含角度的相关关系;最后,选择与目标域具有最大相关度的属性作为隐喻理解的结果.将模型应用到隐喻理解任务中,实验结; 果表明,该方法能够有效地实现隐喻自动理解.Metaphor comprehension has become an important issue of linguistics,; cognitive science and computer science. It is also an unavoidable task; of natural language processing. This paper presents a novel metaphor; comprehension method to make full use of global information based on; relevance constraints. The method uses implied perspective to calculate; the relevance degree between the target and source domains. First,; multi-level semantic representation is obtained based on the semantic; representation of word, topic features of word and topic features of; discourse. Next, the degree of relevance relations is calculated and the; relevance model is generated. Additionally, relevance relations is used; to connect cross-level nodes from different perspectives. Then, using; random walk algorithm, the relevance relations are acquired from latent; perspectives through iterative computations. Finally, the target; attribute that has the maximum relevance degree with the target domain; is selected as the comprehension result. Experimental results show that; the presented method is effective in metaphor comprehension.国家自然科学基

    基于ICE与HTTP Tunnel技术的NAT/FW穿越方案

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    在现代网络中,越来越多的主机被部署在NAT和防火墙(FW)之后,这就要求VoIP、P2P等通信软件必须具备穿越NAT/FW的能力,才能实现端到端的数据传输。现有的STUN、TURN、ICE等方案虽然可以穿越大部分NAT/FW,但对有端口或协议限制的防火墙却无能为力。本文提出了将ICE和HTTP Tunnel技术相结合的穿越方案,设计并实现了可跨平台运行的HTTP Tunnel模块来配合ICE进行穿越。实验证明,在防火墙只开放80端口这种苛刻的条件下,该HTTP Tunnel模块也能够成功穿越大部分防火墙,实现数据流的稳定传输

    EDA工程建模及其管理方法研究

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    现代电子设计技术面临着集成电路(IC)芯片设计的复杂度不断增大而产品的研发时限不断缩短的挑战。为了提高芯片质量和设计效率,人们将抽象建模的思想应用于芯片设计和管理,提出结合抽象建模技术的芯片设计方法,并且在大规模芯片设计中采用层次化的分组协作。针对当前电子设计自动化(EDA)技术的发展情况,介绍了一种基于统一建模语言(UML)的芯片设计方法及其相关技术,阐述了目前大型EDA工程所采用的层次化分组协作管理方法的原理,分析其优点和不足,并提出了改进方案

    超声引导浅层胸骨旁肋间平面阻滞对胸骨切开心脏手术患者术后恢复质量的影响

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    目的探究超声引导浅层胸骨旁肋间平面阻滞对胸骨切开心脏手术患者术后恢复质量和镇痛效果的影响。方法本研究共纳入64例胸骨切开心脏手术患者,随机分为接受浅层胸骨旁肋间平面阻滞使用罗哌卡因(罗哌卡因组)或生理盐水(生理盐水组)两组。主要研究指标为患者术后24 h恢复质量评分(QoR-15评分),其次为术后24 h疼痛评分和阿片药物使用情况。结果与生理盐水组比较,罗哌卡因组术后24 h QoR-15评分显著提高[(89.60±13.24) vs (81.18±12.78), P=0.012],静息数字疼痛评分显著降低[(3.03±0.72) vs (4.26±0.93), P<0.001],咳嗽数字疼痛评分显著降低[(4.40±0.89) vs (5.44±1.05), P<0.001]。同时,罗哌卡因组患者术后24 h阿片药物使用总量明显减少[14.15 (4.95~30.00) mg vs 40.50 (19.25~68.18) mg, P=0.002],补救镇痛需求亦明显减少[0.00 (0.00~0.00)mg vs 0.00 (0.00~100.00) mg, P=0.007]。结论超声引导浅层胸骨旁肋间平面阻滞可通过提升术后镇痛效果及减少阿片药物使用量,提高胸骨切开心脏手术患者术后24 h的总体恢复质量,利于术后早期康复

    Simulation Study of the Emission of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Sugar Alcohols from Biomass Burning

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    选择水稻、小麦、玉米及棉花秸秆与马尾松枝,采集模拟燃烧时排放的PM2.5,分析PM2.5中多环芳烃(PAHS)和糖醇类化合物的含量,获得PM2.5及负载的两类化合物的排放因子;采用500 W汞灯直接照射收集了PM2.5的尘膜,获得了中、高环PAHS及左旋葡聚糖的光解动力学.结果表明,PM2.5的排放因子介于(2.26±0.60)g·kg-1(马尾松枝)~(14.33±5.26)g·kg-1(玉米秸秆)之间;19种PAHS的排放因子介于(0.82±0.21)Mg·kg-1(马尾松枝)~(11.14±5.69)Mg·kg-1(棉花秸秆)之间,且以4环类PAHS所占比例最高,介于51%~71%之间(其中马尾松枝燃烧时惹烯的排放因子最大);9种糖醇类化合物的排放因子范围为(52.34±50.16)Mg·kg-1(水稻秸秆)~(238.81±33.62)Mg·kg-1(小麦秸秆),且都以左旋葡聚糖占绝对优势(72%~96%).光照模拟显示,目标化合物的光照损失都遵循拟一级动力学,其中≥4环的PAHS的光解速率常数随着尘膜中PAHS的负载量增大而减小,来源特征比值fluA/(fluA+Py)和IP/(IP+bg P)相对稳定,而左旋葡聚糖的光解速率常数为0.004 5 MIn-1,与苯并[A]蒽的光解速率常数(0.004 1~0.005 0 MIn-1)接近.To measure the emission factors of PM2.5and its associated PAHs and sugar alcohols,Chinese red pine stick and four crop straw including rice,wheat,corn and cotton were burned in a chamber.In addition,the kinetics of certain compounds were obtained through the irradiation of the glass filters with PM2.5loading by 500 W mercury lamp.The emission factors of PM2.5were ranged from( 2.26 ± 0.60) g·kg- 1( Chinese red pine stick) to( 14.33 ± 5.26) g·kg- 1( corn straw).Although the emission factors of the total19 PAHs differed from( 0.82 ± 0.21) mg·kg- 1( Chinese red pine stick) to( 11.14 ± 5.69) mg·kg- 1( cotton straw),4 ring PAHs showed predominance over other PAHs accounting for 51%-71% except Chinese red pine in which retene was the predominant compound.The emission factors of 9 sugar alcohols were ranged from( 52.34 ± 50.16) mg·kg- 1( rice straw) to( 238.81 ± 33.62)mg·kg- 1( wheat straw) with levoglucosan accounting for 72%-96% of the total sugar alcohols.Both the selected PAHs and levoglucosan associated with PM2.5followed the first order kinetics.The photolysis kinetic coefficient of PAHs( ring number≥4) was decreased with the increase of PAHs loading in filters.Two PAHs source characteristic ratios such as Flua /( Flua + Py) and IP /( IP +Bg P) were relative stable during the irradiation.The photolysis kinetic coefficient of levoglucosan( 0.004 5 min- 1) was comparable to benzo[a]anthracene( 0.004 1-0.005 0 min- 1).国家自然科学基金项目(41171365); 环境保护公益性行业科研专项(201009004); 厦门大学山海基金项目(2013SH011

    新PCI生物测量仪的重复性、再现性和一致性

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    目的评估基于部分相干干涉测量原理的新型眼生物测量仪Myopia Master用于测量眼轴、角膜曲率的重复性和再现性,比较其与IOL Master 500的一致性。方法同一名操作者随机先后顺序使用新型眼球生物测量仪Myopia Master和IOL Master 500采集屈光不正儿童右眼数据,以评估两仪器间一致性。其中部分儿童接受了Myopia Master重复性、再现性评估。数据包括眼轴(AL)、平坦角膜曲率(Kf)、陡峭角膜曲率(Ks)、平均角膜曲率(Km)、J0、J45。结果136人纳入一致性研究,其中58人纳入重复性和再现性研究。Myopia Master在AL测量中显示出高重复性、再现性(重复性Sw=0.02 mm, ICC=0.999;再现性Sw=0.04 mm, ICC=0.998),在角膜曲率测量显示中等的重复性[Sw范围:(0.04~0.12) D,ICC:(0.861~0.991)]和再现性[Sw范围:(0.06~0.20)D,ICC范围:(0.835~0.992)]。Myopia Master与IOL Master 500测量平均差异为AL(-0.01±0.04)mm、Kf(-0.09±0.15)D、Ks(-0.47±0.40)D、Km(-0.28±0.23)D、 J0(0.18±0.20)D和J45(-0.01±0.12)D。结论在儿童近视筛查中AL和角膜曲率测量中显示出高重复性和再现性,但临床上AL和角膜曲率在Myopia Master和IOL Master 500之间不可互换使用

    第十一章 法国

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