Nutrition KAP survey on different occupational populations and its effect on disease prevention

随着我国经济的快速发展,人们生活方式、膳食模式和疾病谱发生了巨大变化,营养不平衡和慢性非传染性疾病已成为我国主要的公共卫生问题。其中,不同职业与营养相关性疾病一直是营养学界关注的问题之一。通过对不同职业人群营养知识、态度、行为的调查,了解各职业人群营养知识、态度、行为及其影响因素,及时采取有效措施如营养干预、健康教育等,提高各职业人群营养素养,改善其营养状况,对于营养相关疾病的防制有一定作用。作者主要介绍了近年来关于不同职业人群营养状况研究及营养知识态度行为调查分析,为职业人群营养相关疾病的防制提供参考依据。With the rapid development of the economy in our country,the life styles,dietary patterns and disease spectrum have changed vastly, while the nutritional imbalance and chronic non-communicable diseases have become major public health problems in China.Among them,the relationship between occupation and nutrition-related diseases has always been one of the severe problems in nutrition science.Through the nutrition knowledge-attitude-behavior(KAP)survey among different occupational populations,to understand the nutrition KAP of different occupational populations and its influencing factors,carry out the effective measures such as nutrition intervention and health education,enhance the nutritive condition of different occupational groups,and improve their nutritional quality have some effect to prevent the nutrition-related diseases.The authors mainly introduce the researches on nutritional conditions and investigation on nutrition KAP of different occupational populations in the recent years,and provide the reference for prevention and control of nutrition-related diseases among occupational populations.福建省卫生厅青年科研基金(项目编号:2012-2-100

Characterization of Cu-ZnO-ZrO_2 Catalysts for Stream Reforming of Methanol by in situ Raman Spectroscopy

应用显微Raman光谱对Cu ZnO ZrO2 (Zr 2 4% ,w)催化剂催化甲醇水蒸气重整 (SRM)反应进行原位表征 ,并将结果与相同催化剂上的甲醇合成 (MS)反应进行对比 ,结果表明 :在SRM反应时 ,催化剂表面出现四个宽峰 ,其中 5 44 8和 65 2 8cm-1分别为CuO ZnO和ZrO2 的Raman吸收峰 ,而 13 61 8cm-1为HCOO—Cu对称伸缩振动吸收峰 ,在 15 90 3cm-1附近的谱峰归属于甲酸物种中OCO的不对称伸缩振动 .在由CO CO2 H2 合成气合成甲醇时 ,在 13 5 0cm-1和分别在 15 5 0 ,15 85 ,15 95cm-1出现两个甲酸根表面物种和甲酸盐的振动吸收谱带 .因此 ,在Cu ZnO ZrO2 催化剂上的甲醇合成和甲醇水蒸气重整存在相同的甲酸根中间体 ,这一结果将有助于对甲醇合成和甲醇水蒸气重整反应机理的理解 .Characterization of Cu-ZnO-ZrO 2 catalysts for stream reforming of methanol (SRM) by in situ Raman spectroscopy has been done. The results have been contrasted with those from reaction of methanol synthesis (MS) over the same catalysts. The results indicated that there are four Raman peaks on the surface of the catalyst for SRM reaction. The Raman spectra of 544 8 cm -1 were assigned to CuO-ZnO, 652 8 cm -1 to ZrO 2, 1361 8 cm -1 to symmetry flex oscillatory adsorption of HCOO—Cu and 1590 3 cm -1 to asymmetry flex oscillatory adsorption of OCO in formic acid species, respectively. The peak of 1350 cm -1 and three peaks of 1550, 1585 and 1595 cm -1 were assigned to Raman flex adsorbed band of formic acidic group and formic acidic salt on surface of catalyst for methanol synthesis. So formic acidic group existed on the surface of the catalysts for SRM and MS reactions. This result has an important significance for mechanism knowledge of SRM and MS reactions.福建省科学基金重大项目 (No .2 0 0 3H0 0 8);; 厦门市科技计划项目 (No .350 2Z2 0 0 2 1 0 87)资

Technological Design and Application of Cylinder-block Production Line of 4110 Series Diesel Engine

介绍了4110系列柴油机缸体生产线的工艺设计概况,缸体关键部位所采用的工艺、设备及应用效果,希望能为柴油机缸体工艺设计工作提供些许参考。This paper introduces the process design profile of 4110 series cylinder-block production line,and the key parts'technology,equipment and the effect.In the hope that some references will been provided to the diesel engine designers

Decolorization of dyes by a current-producing bacterium Shewanella marisflavi EP1 isolated from sea sediments

以一株新筛选得到的海洋产电菌SHEWAnEllA MArISflAVI EP1作为实验材料,研究了该菌株关于偶氮、蒽醌、三苯基甲烷等染料的脱色能力及脱色机制。结果表明,该菌株对这些染料均具有较好的脱色能力,最高脱色容量达到925 Mg染料/(g细胞干重.d)。EP1能利用葡萄糖、蔗糖、木糖、乳酸、甲酸、柠檬酸等多种碳源将单偶氮染料丽春红2r脱色。脱色的PH、温度和nACl浓度范围分别是:PH 6-10、15°C-40°C、0-8%。最优脱色条件:乳酸,PH 8、35°C、1%-2%nACl,10 H内脱色率高达99.95%。分光光谱结果表明,在0-8%nACl浓度范围内EP1脱色机制为降解脱色。In this study,we investigated a new current-producing strain,Shewanella marisflavi EP1 isolated from costal sediments of Xiamen,its decolorization capability and mechanism of several types of dyes such as azo,anthraquinone and triphenyl methane.The results indicated that these dyes could be decolorized efficiently and the maximum capacity was 925 mg/(g cell dry weight·d) of Malachite Green.Strain EP1 could utilize various kinds of carbon sources,such as glucose,sucrose,xylose,lactate,formate and citrate for the decolorization of Xylidine Ponceau 2R.EP1 was active for decolorization in wide ranges of pH(6?10),temperture(15 °C?40 °C),and NaCl concentations(0?8%).The optimal conditions were pH 8.0,30 °C,1%?2% NaCl and lactate as carbon source,with a highest decolorization rate of 99.95% within 10 h.UV-vis absorption spectra demonstrated that the mechanism of the azo dye was degradation in the range of 0?8% NaCl.中国大洋协会项目(No.DYXM-115-02-2-15);国家海洋局海洋生物遗传重点实验室开放研究基金资助项目(No.HY200904

Study on the risk factors for intrauterine infection of hepatitis B virus among pregnant women

目的探讨厦门市孕妇乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)感染情况和HBV宫内感染的影响因素。方法在1; 064名孕妇第一次到医院建立孕产妇保健卡时进行问卷调查并检测其血清乙肝标志物,根据检测结果选择外周血乙型肝炎表面抗原(hepatitis B; surface antigen,HBsAg)阳性的产妇179例随访至其分娩,并采集其分娩时的脐血和胎盘组织。对脐血进行HBsAg和HBV; DNA的检测,对胎盘组织进行HBsAg的检测。采用chi~2检验和非条件Logistic回归分析相关因素与HBV宫内感染的关系。结果被调查的1; 064名孕妇中,HBsAg阳性的孕妇共179名,感染率为16.8%。对179名HBsAg阳性的孕妇的脐血进行检测发现,发生HBV宫内感染的孕妇共; 34名,感染率为19.0%。孕妇HBV宫内感染的危险因素为胎盘HBsAg阳性、孕妇血清乙型肝炎E抗原(hepatitis B e; antigen,HBeAg)阳性、孕前超重,OR分别为5.123(95% CI:1.422 ~ 18.413)、4.619(95%; CI:1.225 ~ 17.534)、 3.343(95% CI:1.233 ~; 9.092)。结论对于HBsAg和HBeAg双阳性的超重/肥胖孕妇,其新生儿可能发生HBV宫内感染,应加强自身防护措施,合理规避HBV宫内感染风; 险。Objective To investigate the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV); infection in pregnant women and the risk factors for Intrauterine; infection of HBV among pregnant women in Xiamen. Methods Total 1 064; pregnant women were included in this study. A questionnaire was; performed to collect the general information of the subjects and HBV; infection status was tested on the first day when they came to the; hospital. Then HBsAg positive pregnant women were selected and followed; until delivery. We collected their cord blood and placenta tissue when; they delivery. HBsAg and HBV DNA in cord blood and HBsAg in placental; tissue were detected. Chi-square test and the non-conditional Logistic; regression analysis were conducted to investigate the correlation; between HBV intrauterine infection and risk factors. Results 179 out of; the 1 064 pregnant women were HBsAg positive. The infection rate was; 16.8%. 34 out of 179 HBsAg positive pregnant women were found; intrauterine transmission with a rate of 19.0%. The risk factors for the; occurrence of HBV intrauterine transmission were placenta HBsAg positive; (OR = 5.123, 95% CI:1.422-18.413),mothers with hepatitis B e; antigen(HBeAg) positive (OR = 4.619, 95% CI:1.225-17.534) and; overweight(OR = 3.343, 95% CI:1.233-9.092), respectively. Conclusions; Placenta HBsAg positive,mothers with HBeAg positive and overweight are; independent risk factors for the occurrence of HBV intrauterine; transmission.国家自然科学基金; 厦门市科技计划项

Investigation of Porous Silicon/Carbon Composite as Anodes for Lithium Ion Batteries

以商业化多晶硅粉为原料,采用金属银催化剂诱导化学腐蚀的方法制得三维多孔硅材料。通过优化腐蚀条件,得到孔径约为130 nM,比表面为4.85 M2/g的多孔硅材料。将多孔硅和PAn溶液混合球磨并经高温烧结后在多孔硅表面包覆上一层致密的无定形碳膜,从而制得多孔硅/碳复合材料作为锂离子电池的负极材料。3d多孔硅结构可以缓解电化学嵌/脱锂过程中材料的体积效应,无定形碳膜层可有效改善复合材料的导电性能。电化学性能测试表明,该多孔硅/碳复合负极材料电池在0.4 A/g的恒电流下,首次放电容量3345 M AH/g,首次循环库伦效率85.8%,循环55次后容量仍保持有1645 M AH/g。并且在4 A/g的倍率下,容量仍维持有1174 M AH/g。该方法原料成本低廉,可规模化生产。3D porous silicon was synthesized by metal-assisted chemical etching process using commercially available polycrystalline silicon powders.After chemical etching in optimized solution, 3D porous silicon structures with pore size of about 130 nm and specific surface area of about 4.85 m2/g was obtained.Subsequently, the 3D porous silicon powders treated with ball milling and heat carbonization processes were coated with amorphous carbon and utilized as the anode electrode material for lithium ion battery.The combination of the 3D porous structure and a carbon coating layer can accommodate large mechanical strains by providing the empty space of the pores to alleviate the volume change, and by increasing the electrical conductivity with the carbon layer.The electrodes achieve an initial charge capacity of 3345 m Ah/g with coulombic efficiency of 85.8% as well as a high reversible capacity of 1645 m Ah/g after 55 cycles at 0.4 A/g.And it is capable to retain a capacity of 1174 m Ah/g even at 4 A/g.Thus, this work introduces a novel and easy potential industrial method for fabrication Si/C materials for high-performance lithium ion battery.国家自然科学基金(61176050;21233004)~

中药沐足结合护理干预治疗护理人员下肢静脉曲张的效果观察

目的探讨中药沐足结合护理干预在下肢静脉曲张护士中的应用效果。方法选取某三甲综合性医院患有下肢静脉曲张的临床护士60例为研究对象,应用随机数字表法分为两组,各30例。两组研究对象均行基础护理,对照组采用医用的循序减压弹力袜进行治疗,观察组实施中药沐足结合护理干预措施。2个月后比较两组患者疗效。结果观察组研究对象静脉曲张恢复总有效率高于对照组,观察组研究对象经过3个疗程的治疗,痊愈12例,显效l3例,有效4例;对照组分别为痊愈5例,显效8例,有效9例;观察组、对照组临床治愈率和总有效率分别为40.00%、96.67%和16.67%、73.33%。差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论中药沐足结合护理干预可以改善下肢静脉曲张的临床症状。福建中医药大学2016年临床专项校管课题(XB2016085

Progress of Antimicrobial Peptides as Feed Additive

抗菌肽是生物体抵抗外界病原体侵袭而产生的一类小分子活性多肽,是生物体内先天性防御系统的重要组成部分。抗生素污染问题是目前影响我国畜牧与水产养殖业可持续健康发展的重大科技问题,由此引起的养殖产品中违禁抗生素残留成为制约我国出口创汇和食品安全的瓶颈,饲料中大量添加抗生素是导致抗生素超标的主要原因之一。寻找能够替代抗生素的环保型饲料添加剂,研制出无抗生素的环境友好型饲料,是我国畜牧与水产养殖业健康发展的迫切需求。就抗菌肽的来源,不同功能以及作为饲料添加剂在养殖中的应用作一简要综述。。Antibacterial peptides or Antimicrobial peptides(AMPs), a class of small-molecule active peptides, are an important component of the innate defense system of organism to resist against invasion of foreign pathogens.Antibiotics pollution is one of the most important issues that would affect the sustainable development of stock farming and aquaculture industry in our country.Antibiotic residues in agricultural(including aquaculture)products involved in this issue is the bottleneck of our food safety and exports, and excessive antibiotics addition to feedstuff is one of the main reasons for antibiotic residues.Thus, finding and developing alternatives for antibiotics is the urgent requirement of healthy development of animal husbandry and aquaculture industry in China.In this article,the sources, function and its application as feed additives in livestock were reviewed..国家海洋公益性行业科研专项(201105027

钯原子修饰的金纳米颗粒乙醇氧化电催化剂（英文）

钯催化剂对碱性溶液的乙醇电催化氧化反应表现较好的催化活性.本文通过简单的化学沉积法,将钯原子成功修饰到金纳米颗粒表面,制备的催化剂对乙醇电催化氧化反应表现出比钯更好的催化性能.研究发现,钯原子不均匀地覆盖在金核表面,部分金原子暴露在外层.制备的催化剂的峰电流密度是钯催化剂的4.6倍,起始电势低100 m V.该催化剂较好的催化性能可能归因于金核的电子效应和表面双功能电催化反应机制.support from Research Grant Council(No.26206115) of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region;;Scientific Research Fund of Zhejiang Provincial Education Department(No.Y201840545