Ecological security evaluation of Chaohu Lake basin based on attribute recognition model

为建立有效的流域生态安全评价模型,采用AHP赋权方法与属性识别模型相耦合的途径,以巢湖流域生态安全为研究对象,对基于属性识别模型的巢湖流域及其次级评价单元的生态安全评价问题进行了研究。结果表明:巢湖流域9区(县)及流域整体生态安全状况从优到劣的排序结果依次为合肥、流域整体、居巢、无为、和县、含山、舒城、庐江、肥东和肥西;合肥和肥西的生态安全状况分别为Ⅳ级和Ⅰ级,其它评价单元均处于Ⅱ级。基于属性识别模型的流域生态安全评价方法涵义明确、计算过程简单,能同时实现生态安全等级的分类和排序,在其它生态系统综合评价中具有一定的应用价值。By using AHP weight method and attribute recognition model, a comprehensive ecological security evaluation of Chaohu Lake basin and its secondary appraisal units was made, aimed to build an efficient model for basin ecological security evaluation. The results indicated that the ecological security level of Chaohu Lake basin declined in the sequence of Hefei, the basin as a whole, Juchao, Wuwei, Hexian, Hanshan, Shucheng, Lujiang, Feidong, and Feixi. Among them, Hefei and Feixi were in grades Ⅳ and Ⅰ, respectively, and other districts all fell into grade Ⅱ. Because of its explicit meanings and simple computational process, this model could sort and rank the test objects according to their ecological security level, and be applied to the comprehensive evaluation of other ecological systems.国家自然科学基金项目(50579009);; 教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(05JA840011);; 安徽省教育厅自然科学重点资助项目(2003KJ043ZD

Preliminary delineation and classification of estuarine drainage areas for major coastal rivers in China

采用gIS技术开展中国主要入海河流的流域边界及其汇水单元、河口集水区的划分及其分类。基于ArCgIS水文分析模块划分出15条入海河流的汇水单元,并通过5种不同汇水单元面积等级的划分来表达各入海河流汇水单元的详细程度;划分的流域面积与相关文献资料对比偏差在10%以内;在流域与汇水单元划分的基础上,基于感潮河段的数据收集,确定出88个中国主要入海河流的河口集水区。通过建立分类指标体系,采用聚类分析方法,划分出5类河口:第一类EdA主要分布在环渤海地区、山东半岛和广东沿海;第二类EdA主要分布在长江口和杭州湾周围;第三类EdA主要分布在江苏北部沿海和辽东半岛;第四类包括山东江苏交界处沿海、江苏南部沿海;第五类主要分布在福建浙江沿海、珠江口、长江口、海河口附近、辽河河口附近,并利用快速生物评价法验证河口分类的合理性。研究成果可为进一步开展我国近海河口和海域营养盐基准制订与生态分区提供基础空间数据与方法借鉴。Classification of estuarine and coastal waters has been recognized as a critical step for natural resource managers to describe and inventory coastal systems,understand constraints,predict the most sensitive systems,manage and protect coastal resources.However,the research on ecological classification in China is still in infancy,especially the classification of estuarine and coastal waters at regional or nationwide scale.This research employed Geographical Information System(GIS) and multivariate statistical analyses to delineate and classify the watersheds and estuarine drainage areas from fifteen major coastal rivers in China.The Hydrology module in ArcGIS environment was used to delineate the sub-watersheds from the fifteen coastal rivers,represented by spatially different details with five thresholds.The watershed boundaries of fifteen coastal rivers were further delimited and validated with literature documents.The deviation was less than 10%.Based on the analysis of spatial distribution of tide heads for fifteen rivers and the previously delineated sub-watersheds,88 estuarine drainage areas(EDAs) were further defined.A five-class classification system was developed with the hierarchical cluster analysis,based on the physical,biological and chemical properties of EDA.Estuaries having the smallest total EDA were grouped as class one,and they are located in Bohai Bay,Shandong peninsula and coastal areas of Guangdong;estuaries having the lowest average salinity range and the highest concentration of total suspended solid were grouped as class two,and they are located in Yangtze River estuary and Hangzhou bay;estuaries having the highest average depth and the highest wind speed were grouped as class three,and they are located in coastal areas of Northern Jiangsu and Liaodong peninsula;estuaries having the lowest dissolved oxygen and highest tidal range were grouped as class four,and they are located in coastal areas between Shandong and Jiangsu,coastal areas of Southern Jiangsu;estuaries having the largest average EDA and highest freshwater flow were grouped as class five,and they are located in coastal areas of Fujian and Zhejiang,Pearl river estuary,Haihe River estuary,and Liaohe River estuary.A rapid bio-assessment procedure was successfully employed to validate the classified result based on the collected data from literatures.The findings in this study provided the basic geospatial data for further developing nutrient criteria and eco-regionalization in estuarine and coastal waters in China.国家海洋局海洋公益性行业科研专项(200805090);国家海洋局近岸海域生态环境重点实验室基金(201005

中国国际科学合作中的”华人现象“

将8 个国家的合作论文分成五种类型，重点考察了中国在与8 个国家的合作中所呈现的“华人现 象”。分析表明，海外华人（包括短期在外的科研人员）在现阶段正在发挥桥梁作用，在中国国际合作中表 现得非常活跃。分析了导致“华人现象”的社会基础和政策效应

Effects of chicken manure extract on the survival, development and reproduction in the marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus

This study investigated the effects of chicken manure extract (CME) on the survival, development and reproduction of the marine harpacticoid copepod Tigriopus japonicus through individual cultures with two diets, Tetraselmis tetrathele and Chlorella vulgaris. There was no difference in development and survival of nauplii between two microalgal diets. However, by feeding C. vulgaris, mass mortality occurred just after the metamorphosis to copepodite stage. This mortality was avoided by the addition of CME. T. japonicus fed on C. vulgaris diet with CME showed 7.4 times higher survival, 1.7 times faster development and 1.5 times higher reproduction than those without CME. T. tetrathele with CME induced 1.7 times higher reproduction of T. japonicus than those without CME. CME contains particles that are relevant with T. tetrathele and C. vulgaris, but the same effect of CME was observed with 0.22 μm filtered CME. It is likely that the amount of bacteria and 17β-Estradiol was below the level of that positively affects the growth and reproduction of T. japonicus

RUPTURED CEREBRAL ANEURYSMS IN A PATIENT WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS

The incidence of subarachnoid hemorrhage due to aneurysm is considered to be higher in systemic lupus erythematosus than in the general population. They are attributed to lupus angitis or to coincidental "congenital" aneurysm. On the other hand, because of sporadic reports of cerebral aneurysms in patients with lupus erythematosus, the relationship between cerebral aneurysms and systemic lumpus erythematosus is still unclear. A patient with established systemic lupus erythematosus in whom subarachnoid hemorrhage occured from rupture of fusiform aneurysm is presented. A 22-year-old woman with a 5-year history of systemic lupus erythematosus was found to have fusiform aneurysms in the left internal carotid artery, the left middle cerebral artery and the proximal left anterior cerebral artery. She was treated internally, but unfortunately died five days after the onset. Cerebral aneurysms associated with systemic lupus erythematosus are reviewed in the literature and the pathogenesis of these aneurysms is discussed

基于文献计量的跨学科测度及实证研究

跨学科研究是当代科学研究的重要方式,理解和测度跨学科研究中涉及的学科交叉是当代计量学的难点 和热点。经过深入总结和分析,从文献计量的角度对跨学科学进行研究和测度,构建以多学科度、专业度、学科交 叉度和作者合作度为基础的跨学科测度指标体系。以8个科学研究领域为例,验证学科交叉度测度的有效性,并 从学科交叉角度分析这些领域的发展模式