深度卷积神经网络应用于人脸特征点检测研究

为解决在复杂环境下,如姿势不同、光照条件以及遮挡等因素导致传统人脸特征点检测算法的精度大幅度下降的问题,在特征点检测理论知识以及研究现状的基础上,针对传统卷积神经网络模型在处理人脸特征点检测问题时的不足之处,提出基于小滤波器的深卷积神经网络。算法引入小滤波器思想和以拓展\"网络深度\"优先的深层卷积神经网络模型,针对人脸特征点检测重新设计训练,提高了算法的有效性与适用性。通过将算法应用于ALFW和AFW人脸数据集上预测5点人脸特征点问题,并与其他多个经典算法进行对比分析,结果表明:基于小滤波器的深卷积神经网络在预测人脸5点特征点问题上有更好的准确性和鲁棒性。福建省中青年教师教育科研项目(No.JZ160238);;国家自然科学基金(No.61502402);;福建省自然科学基金(No.2015J05129

Comparative Study on Improvement of Diabetic Model Rats between SBA-15/GLZ and SBA-16/GLZ

目的:通过建立Sd大鼠2型糖尿病模型的方法,研究不同的介孔材料SAb-15与SAb-16分别载药格列齐特(glz),释放速率的作用,以筛选出最佳的载药系统,为临床制剂提供参考。方法:考察SAb-15/glz、SAb-16/glz的载药、释药性能,建立大鼠糖尿病模型,分别检测灌胃给药前(0H)和给药后各时间点(3 H,6 H,9 H,12 H,24 H,27 H,30 H,48 H)各组大鼠血糖浓度的变化。结果:1载药系统的热重分析,SbA-15/glz、SbA-16/glz在200~700℃均有显著的失重,分别是14.3%和15.4%,且SbA-16/glz失重高于SbA-15/glz;2fTIr分析中,在红外光谱中500 CM-1~2000 CM-1波数范围内两种材料载药均出现了4个吸收强度较大的特征峰,二者波数范围相同,波峰相似,且与glz的分布趋势大致一致,且SbA-16/glz的吸收强度略高于SbA-15/glz;3载药系统的结构性质,与SbA-15比较,SbA-15/glz在比表面积、孔隙容积上均减小(P<0.01),与SbA-16比较,SbA-16/glz比表面积、孔隙容积上均减小,且SbA-16/glz的比表面积、孔隙容积均显著小于SbA-15/glz(P<0.01);4释放速率:SbA-15/glz内格列齐特有一个迅速的释放过程,12 H即达90%以上,24 H后缓释量逐渐趋于平缓,48 H释放量即达到95%以上,最终缓释量约在97%水平;而SbA-16/glz内格列齐特的缓释相对平缓,12 H之内释放了80%左右,显著低于同等时间点SbA-15对格列齐特释放(P<0.05),48 H最终缓释量约在90%的水平;5血糖变化,在0 H测得的血糖结果中,模型组及各给药组的血糖均显著升高,且≥13.8 MMO l/l,说明造模成功;12 H的血糖值最低,随着时间的推移,glz组的血糖变化梯度最大,SbA-15/glz次之,SbA-16/glz血糖值的变化曲线较平坦,说明介孔材料能有效载药、平稳缓释、在动物模型体内平稳持续释药并发挥作用,避免血糖浓度忽高忽低,SbA-16/glz缓释效果显著优于SbA-15/glz。结论:SAb-16介孔材料的载药量高于SAb-15,缓释持续时间长。Objective: This paper was to research on different mesoporous materials SAB-15 and SAB-16 respectively,the drug loaded Zig Leo Te( GLZ) release rate effect by the method of establishing model of SD rats with type 2 diabetes,and to screen out the best drug carrier-system for clinical use.Methods: Diabetic rat model was established,then to investigate the effect of SAB-15 /GLZ,SBA-16 / GLZ and detect the blood glucose,plasma insulin at the point of 0 h,3 h,6 h,9 h,12 h,24 h,27 h,30 h,48 h.Results: 1The weight analysis system loaded with heat showed that,SBA-15 / GLZ and SBA-16 / GLZ in 200 ~ 700 ℃ showed a significant weight loss,respectively 14.3% and 15.4%,and SBA-16 / G LZ weight loss was higher than that of SBA-15 / GLZ; 2The FTIR analysis,in the IR spectra of 500 cm-1~ 2000 cm-1,wave number range material drug carrier appeared 4 absorption intensity of characteristic peak,and the two peak wave number range is similar,and generally consistent with the distribution of GLZ and SBA-16 / GLZ,the absorption intensity is slightly higher than that of SBA-15 / GLZ; 3The structure properties of the drug carrier system,compared with SBA-15,SBA-15 / GLZ specific surface area,pore volume were reduced( P < 0.01); that compared with SBA-16,SBA-16 / GLZ surface area and porevolume decreased,and the SBA-16 / GLZ specific surface area and pore volume were significantly less than SBA-15 / GLZ( P < 0.01); 4Release rate: SBA-15 to GLZ procedure of a quick release and he quantity achieved above90% at the 12 th h,the rate slowed down after 24 h,at the 48 th h the quantity achieced above 95%,eventually slow release quantity was about 97%.The SBA-16 / GLZ sustained-release relatively flat,within 12 h released by about 80%,significantly lower than SBA-15 at the same point in time( P < 0.05),eventually slow release quantity was about 90%.5The changes of blood glucose showed that,measured at 0thh blood glucose results in the model group and the drug group blood sugar were significantly increased,and was higher than 13.8mmo L / L,indicating a successful model; The glucose concentration of each group at 12 thh was the lowest,and blood glucose in GLZ group change gradient was the biggest,SBA-15 / GLZ group change gradient was less than GLZ group,the curve of change with SBA-16 / GLZ group curve was flat as time went by.Which indicated that be effective,sustained release drug carrier,and played a role in the animal model in vivo sustained drug release and smooth,prevent blood glucose concentration fluctuat,SBA-16 sustained release effect was superior to that of SBA-15.Conclusion: The description of the drug loading of SBA-16 mesoporous material is better than SBA-15 which with releasing of long duration.南京军区医药卫生科研基金(编号:08MA115

Controlling Reversible Expansion of Li2O2 Formation and Decomposition by Modifying Electrolyte in Li-O2 Batteries

锂空电池分别使用空气中的氧气和金属锂作为正负极活性材料，具有极高的能量密度。但是，这一体系尚不能实现商业化的应用，其中一些关键问题未能解决。由于其正极活性材料是气体，使得电化学反应涉及气-液-固三相界面，电极过程十分复杂。与其它二次电池相比，空气电极需要考虑结构因素和催化因素。不仅要改善氧气电化学反应的动力学迟缓问题，还要考虑放电产物的驻留空间问题。董全峰教授课题组在前期开展了基于空气电极固相表面电催化研究，并结合电极结构方面的问题，构筑了有利于氧气发生反应的仿生开放式结构电极。 该研究工作主要由化学化工学院2015级iChEM直博生林晓东（第一作者）在董全峰教授、郑明森副教授和龚磊副教授的共同指导下完成，理论计算由袁汝明助理教授（共同第一作者）完成，曹勇、丁晓兵、蔡森荣、韩博闻等学生参与了部分工作。周志有教授和洪宇浩博士生在电化学微分质谱方面给予大力的帮助与支持。【Abstract】The aprotic lithium-oxygen (Li-O2) battery has attracted worldwide attention because of its ultrahigh theoretical energy density. However, its practical application is critically hindered by cathode passivation, large polarization, and severe parasitic reactions. Here, we demonstrate an originally designed Ru(Ⅱ) polypyridyl complex (RuPC) though which the reversible expansion of Li2O2 formation and decomposition can be achieved in Li-O2 batteries. Experimental and theoretical results revealed that the RuPC can not only expand the formation of Li2O2 in electrolyte but also suppress the reactivity of LiO2 intermediate during discharge, thus alleviating the cathode passivation and parasitic reactions significantly. In addition, an initial delithiation pathway can be achieved when charging in turn; thus, the Li2O2 products can be decomposed reversibly with a low overpotential. Consequently, the RuPC-catalyzed Li-O2 batteries exhibited a high discharge capacity, a low charge overpotential, and an ultralong cycle life. This work provides an alternative way of designing the soluble organic catalysts for metal-O2 batteries.This work was supported by the National 973 Program (2015CB251102), the Key Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (21673196, 21621091, 21703186, 21773192),and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (20720150042,20720150043). The authors thank Prof. Eric Meggers at Philipps-Univeristaet Marburg for his discussion about the synthesis of RuPC complex; Prof. Gang Fu at Xiamen University for his instructive discussions in DFT calculations; Lajia Yu and Dandan Tao at Xiamen University for their assistance in EPR experiments and UV-Vis spectroscopy experiments, respectively; and Yu Gu and Tao Wang at Xiamen University for their discussions in XPS results and CV data,respectively. 该工作得到科技部重大基础研究计划（项目批准号：2015CB251102）、国家自然科学基金（项目批准号：21673196、21621091、21703186、21773192）和中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金（项目批准号：20720150042、20720150043）的资助。 此外，感谢傅钢教授在理论计算方面的讨论和建议，Eric Meggers教授在配合物合成上的讨论，泉州师范学院吴启辉教授和化学化工学院谷宇博士生在X射线光电子能谱方面的帮助，于腊佳老师在电子顺磁共振实验上的帮助，陶丹丹博士生在紫外可见光谱测试上的帮助以及王韬博士生在循环伏安方面的讨论

疲劳短裂纹群体损伤随机特征研究

疲劳短裂纹发展过程呈现随机特征。采用裂纹数密度演化方法用于描述短裂纹群体损伤的随机行为。模拟结果给出了不同局域短裂纹随机发展的特征。两类金属材料的实验结果显示了试样表面不同视场短裂纹的数量和最大长度随载荷周次的随机变化,还给出了短裂纹总数与疲劳周次的关系。实验结果与数值模拟结果相符合

Ordinal analysis and the infinite Ramsey theorem

本发明涉及基于离线优化/在线查表方式的双层结构预测控制方法，包括以下步骤：稳态优化层对目标函数进行优化得到控制变量和输出变量的稳态优化值，输出至动态控制层；动态控制层将稳态优化层的稳态优化值作为设定点，通过模型预测控制得到控制输入值，发送至基础控制层用于控制被控对象。本发明降低了双层结构预测控制系统计算复杂度、提高控制实时性、解决稳态优化无解问题、有效消除扰动对稳态优化的干扰

Off-line optimization and online table lookup for double-layer structure predictive control

双层结构预测控制包括稳态优化和动态控制, 计算复杂度较大, 难以在实时性要求较高或者是主控制器计算能力较弱的场合应用。本文阐述了一种离线计算在线查表的稳态优化方法和详细的技术实施方案. 首先采用枚举方式离线计算稳态优化值, 然后通过在线查表得到实时优化值. 当在线查表不可行时, 通过查找距离该查表点最近的多个可查表点, 以距离作为加权系数, 近似计算最优稳态目标值. 最后, 通过性能分析和仿真实验证明了本文提出的该方法有效的降低了计算复杂度, 减少了计算时间

A framework for multi-variable semi-adaptive predictive control system

针对模型因素引起的预测控制性能退化问题,本文提出一种多变量半自适应预测控制系统架构.该架构将传统的控制模式改变为测试模式,变传统的设定值控制为区间控制,从而实现了测试过程中输出变量的约束满足.所提出的半自适应预测控制体系架构能够在确保生产正常进行的前提下,实现过程的开环测试,提高测试效率,并通过极大化测试信号的幅值来确保测试过程的信噪比.进一步地,将该框架从约束预测控制扩展到双层结构预测控制,引入平衡系数实现经济效益与测试之间的平衡.本文提及的测试方法是一种在线开环测试,避免了闭环测试过程中测试输入信号与不可测噪声的相关性问题.仿真实例验证了该方法的有效性