刺苋的化学成分研究

目的研究刺苋Amaranthus spinosus的化学成分。方法采用大孔树脂、硅胶、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱、ODS柱色谱等方法进行分离纯化,利用波谱技术鉴定化合物的结构。结果分离得到了16个化合物,分别鉴定为香草醛(1)、丁香醛(2)、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯(3)、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(4)、对羟基苯甲醛(5)、2-羟基苯并噻唑(6)、丁香脂素(7)、hydroxydihydrobovolide(8)、黑麦草内酯(9)、蚱蜢酮(10)、棕榈酸甘油酯(11)、反式阿魏酸酰对羟基苯乙胺(12)、菠甾醇-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(13)、齐墩果酸-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸甲酯苷(14)、齐墩果酸-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸苷(15)、芦丁(16)。结论化合物1～12、14、15均为首次从该植物中分离得到

Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Formic Acid on Pd/Ni Heterostructured Catalyst

通过两步还原法制备了Pd/Ni双金属催化剂.由于金属Pd原子在先行还原的Ni纳米粒子表面的外延生长以及其在Ni表面及Pd表面生长表现出的吉布斯自由能差异，最终导致了异结构Pd/Ni纳米粒子的形成.高分辨电子透射显微镜结果证实了异结构的存在，然而X射线衍射测量表明Pd/Ni纳米粒子具有类似于Pd的面心立方结构.制备的Pd/Ni纳米粒子与同等条件下合成的Pd纳米粒子相比对甲酸氧化呈现了更高的电催化活性，而且电催化稳定性也要明显优于纯Pd纳米粒子，证明Pd/Ni双金属催化剂是可选的直接甲酸燃料电池阳极催化剂.双金属催化剂对甲酸氧化电催化活性和稳定性增强可能是Ni原子的修饰改变了Pd粒子表面配位不饱和原子的电子结构所致.A Pd/Ni bimetallic nanostructured electrocatalyst was fabricated via a two-step reduction route. Owing to an epitaxial growth of Pd atoms on the surface of Ni nanoparticles, heterostructured Pd/Ni nanocomposites were formed and verified by high resolution transmission electron microscopy combined with energy-dispersion X-ray spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction confirmed that the as-prepared Pd/Ni nanocomposites possessed a single face-centered-cubic (fcc) Pd structure, probably due to a weaker diffraction intensity of metallic Ni and/or overlapping by that of Pd. The intrinsic catalytic activity on the Pd/Ni is higher than that on the Pd. Moreover, the durability of formic acid oxidation on the Pd/Ni was much enhanced over the Pd nanoparticles. The change in electronic structure of the surface coordination unsaturated Pd atoms and the possible dissolution of Ni species from the Pd/Ni heterostructure may account for such an improved durability for formic acid oxidation.This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (No. 2012CB932800), the Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21073219), Shanghai Science and Technology Committee (No. 11DZ1200400) and the Knowledge Innovation Engineering of the CAS (No. 12406, 124091231).This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (No. 2012CB932800), the Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21073219), Shanghai Science and Technology Committee (No. 11DZ1200400) and the Knowledge Innovation Engineering of the CAS (No. 12406, 124091231).作者联系地址：1. 中国科学院上海高等研究院，上海 201210；2. 中国科学院研究生院，北京 100039Author's Address: 1. Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS, Shanghai 201210, China; 2. Graduate School of the CAS, Beijing 100039, China通讯作者E-mail：[email protected] & [email protected]

Experimental study on reperfusion of intraocular lens

作者简介: 祁明信, 男, 1945 年7 月 出生, 教授、主任医师、博士研究生 导师, 主要从事白内障的基础与临 床研究。联系电话: 0591-83570887; E-mail:qihuang@netease. com 通讯作者: 黄秀榕,E-mail:[email protected][中文文摘]目的开展晶状体再灌注的离体和动物实验研究,并对再灌注人工晶状体技术进行评价。方法采用新鲜离体幼兔眼、离体猪眼、新西兰白兔眼,应用自行研制的人工晶状体材料,进行以下实验:(1)体外固化实验;(2)晶状体前囊膜微型撕囊及其稳固性实验;(3)经微型前囊膜开口超声乳化吸出晶状体内容物实验;(4)活的新西兰白兔眼内人工晶状体再灌注实验。结果(1)按硅酮聚合物与固化剂50:1的比例可获得柔软、弹性好、固化时间短(完全固化时间为60min)的注入材料;(2)晶状体前囊膜1.8～2.0mm的连续环形撕囊口具有较好的稳定性,可经该微型开口吸出晶状体内容物并灌注材料;(3)超声能量18%、流量25mL·min-1、负压120mmHg(1kPa=7.5mmHg)为晶状体内容物经微型前囊膜开口吸出的最佳条件;(4)注入灌注材料后可形成由晶状体囊膜包裹的、置换原晶状体皮质和核的、新的再灌注人工晶状体。结论采用再灌注人工晶状体的方法可进行新型人工晶状体再灌注,可为治疗白内障和老视提供参考。[英文文摘]Objective To carry out the experimental study on reperfusion of intraocular lens(IOLs) in vitro or in animal,and to assess the technique of IOLs reperfusion.Methods The following experiments were performed by using self-developed materials in fresh rabbit eyes and pig eyes in vitro,as well as in eyes of alive New-Zea-land rabbits:(1)Solidification study of self-developed material in vitro;(2)Continuous circular capsulorhexis(CCC) in anterior capsule of lens and its stability;(3)Draw of lens contents via phaco through mini-CCC;(4)IOLs ref illing in the eyes of alive New-Zea land rabbits. Results(1) Thematerialwhich was soft, springy and short-term solidification(full solidification time was 60 minutes) were obtained in certain proportion of geland solidified agent(50:1) in vitro; ( 2)The CCC in anterior capsule of lens with 1.8-2.0 mm diameter had very good stability. The lens contents were drawn and the materialwere refilled through themini-CCC; (3) The best conditions of drawing out lens contents through m ini-CCC were phaco energy 18% , flow 25 mL·min- 1, and negative pressure 120 mmH g (1kPa=7.5 mmHg);(4) The new refilled IOLs, which were wrapped by capsule of lens and were replaced original cortex and nucleus of lens, were obtained after thematerial refillied. Conc lusion. New IOLs are refilled through this method, which can prov ide reference for the treatment of cataract and presbyopia.福建省科技三项费用;教育厅重点资助项目基金资助(编号:K98041

新型氧化—混凝剂处理染料废水研究

根据染料废水的特点，研究了自制产品新型氧化—混凝剂处理染料废水的情况，探索了药剂用量、pH值等因素对COD、色度去除率的影响。试验表明，当PH＞10、“染清”氧化—混凝剂的加入量万分之三左右、絮凝时间6min、静置沉淀35min时，该药剂对染料废水具有良好的效果，COD和色度的去除率最高分别可达97％和86％，从而证明该方法对于染料废水的处理是可行的。该处理工艺设备简单，系统运行稳定，操作方便，成本低

悬胶燃料及其应用

报道了悬胶燃料的产品特性和燃烧试验情况，并同其它燃料进行了比较。通过试验可知，悬胶燃料具有较好的应用价值，是一项值得推广的新型燃料替代产品

废纸造纸废水处理工程应用

报道了自制混凝剂产品处理废纸造纸废水的工程应用情况。经过1年多的运行结果表明，当进水CODcr，悬浮物浓度分别为972mg/L,825mg/L以及色度为300倍时，采用用艺处理后，CODcr去除率平均为95.7%，SS去除率平均为98.9%。色度去除率平均为99.3%。出水水质远低于国家一级排放标准（GB3544-92），并且工厂实践表明，对生产有显著的效益。从而证明该方法对于废纸造纸废水的处理是可行的，该处理工艺设备简单，系统运行稳定。操作方便，成本低

铁屑微电解法深度处理医院废水

用铁屑微电池原理深度处理了医院废水，分析了废水pH，铁屑用量，反应时间对处理效果的影响。结果表明，最佳的反应条件为：废水进水pH为3.5。铁屑用量为12.5%，常温反应80min

新型氧化-混凝剂处理染料废水研究

根据染料废水的特点，研究了自制产品新型氧化0混凝土剂处理染料废水的情况，探讨了药剂用量、pH值等因素对COD、色度去除率的影响。试验表明，当pH大于10，“染清”氧化－混凝剂的质量分数为0.03%，絮凝时间6min，静置沉淀35min时，该药剂对染料废水具有良好的处理效果，COD和色度的去除率最高分别可达97％和86％，从而证明该方法对于染料废水的处理是可行的。该处理工艺设备简单，系统运行稳定，操作方便，成本低