Research On The National Elderly Guardianship

人口老龄化是我国正面临的重大社会问题，老年人合法权益的保护问题社会关注度不断提升，我国的老年人监护制度仍存在不足亟待完善。本文旨在通过分析我国老年人监护制度在立法和监护实务中存在的问题，考察域外主要国家和地区对老年人监护制度的改革成果，结合我国具体国情，完善我国老年人监护制度，期望老年人权益得到更好的保障。 第一章通过分析我国老年人监护现状，指出我国老年人监护立法理念滞后，立法上存在监护对象范围不全面、监护措施单一、监护可操作性不强、监护监督机制欠缺等问题，并对监护实务进行考察。 第二章介绍德国、法国、日本、韩国、英国、美国等国家和台湾地区近年来在老年人监护制度上的改革成果，综合评述老年人...Population aging has become one of major social issues in China. With an increasing social attention on the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of the elderly, it is still insufficient in the elderly guardianship system of China that should be improved. By analyzing existing problems of the elderly guardianship system in legislation and supervision practices, investigating major achi...学位：法律硕士院系专业：法学院_民商法学学号：X201112008

The Effects of Personality Hardiness on Interpreting Performance: Implications for Aptitude Testing for Interpreting

口译员并非天生，通过专业训练，人人皆有可能成为译员。但时间和教育资源有限，越来越多的学校采用学能测试甄选申请者。文献回顾及实证调查发现，在口译学能测试中，人们普遍更加重视诸如双语转换能力、理解、分析等认知技能的考查，而忽视了针对申请者的非认知能力，尤其是人格特征的科学测量。 坚韧性人格是一种极具价值的人格特征。它具有三个维度——承诺、控制与挑战。承诺指个体全身心投入生活和工作，享受乐趣、探究意义；控制指在不利条件下，个体具备通过自身行动改变事态发展的信念，对不利事件施加正面影响；挑战则是个体在积极或消极经验中学习，将变化视为自我成长的机遇。坚韧性人格使个体在高压力情境下仍能保持身心健康，促进...Interpreters are made not born (Mackintosh, 1999: 67). It is believed that everybody has the potential to become an interpreter after training. Nonetheless, time constraints and financial limitations make it advisable to select applicants who need the least training. Aptitude testing for interpreting, with a purpose to admit the most promising candidates, has thus become not only a practical neces...学位：文学博士院系专业：外文学院_英语语言文学学号：1202013015419

方法之集粹,资源之整合——《口译研究方法:实用资源》评介

《口译研究方法 :实用资源》是一部口译研究方法论新著。它汇聚了HAlE教授与nAPIA教授在该学科领域的专门知识与丰富经验,首次针对不同类型的口译研究提供了全面的方法论指导。其研究内容既涵盖会议口译与社区口译研究,又囊括手语翻译研究,是口译研究方法的突破性指南。它不仅包括口译在语言、认知、互动与文化等不同维度下定性与定量、归纳与演绎的研究方法,而且介绍实证数据收集、处理的策略与技巧,为读者提供了比以往任何口译研究方法书籍更为详尽的指导和更加丰富的资源。在口译研究方法从经验总结与主观臆测转向实证分析与客观描述的当今,该著作极具学术价值与指导意义。厦门大学基础创新科研基金(研究生项目);项目编号201422G00

基于SCI 发文的中国生态学研究态势文献计量分析

采用文献计量学的方法,基于《科学引文索引》数据库近十年的检索结果,定量分析中国生态学领域发文的主题、时间、作者、机构、合作国家、被引频次、期刊分布等数据,系统分析中国生态学领域近十年的研究发展态势、研究热点、研究投入主体、国际合作和研究水平等趋势和特征。基于检索得到的3316篇SCI论文数据,研究认为:我国生态学领域的研究发展迅速。研究的热点主要是分子标记、气候变化、生物多样性、土地利用、分类学、物种、草原、荒漠化、模型、多态性等方面。研究主题的关联性随时间有增加的趋势。588个第一作者发文机构中,中国科学院发文量最高,大学近年的研究发展迅猛。生态学领域篇均作者人数是2.2人。国际合作的主要国家是美国。我国生态学研究的SCI发文篇均被引频次为6。第一作者机构为中国机构的论文被引用情况逊于外国机构。中国生态学领域研究最重要的发文期刊是ECOLOGICAL MODELLING和JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS

Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of Ketones Catalyzed by Chiral Carbonyl Iron Systems

手性羰基铁络合物很少被用于芳香酮的不对称氢转移氢化 .利用不同的羰基铁络合物与手性双胺双膦配体现场络合 ,形成手性胺膦铁催化体系 .考察了它们对多种芳香酮的不对称氢转移催化氢化性能 .结果表明 ,三核的手性胺膦铁簇合物是催化芳香酮不对称氢转移氢化的较好体系 .当用三核的铁簇合物 [Et3 NH] + [HFe3 (CO) 11] -体系催化 1,1 二苯基丙酮的氢化时 ,最高可获得 98%的对映选择性 .通过现场红外光谱测定 ,揣测羰基铁簇合物Fe3 (CO) 12 在催化反应过程中保持三核的簇合物的簇骼不变 .Chiral carbonyl iron systems have seldom been used in asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of aromatic ketones. In this study, new chiral iron catalytic systems were synthesized in situ from different carbonyl iron complexes with chiral diaminodiphosphine ligands, respectively. These catalytic systems have been used for the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of various aromatic ketones under mild conditions. The results indicated that trinuclear iron complexes were the best systems for the reactions. When the [Et 3NH]+[HFe 3(CO) 11]- as catalyst was used for asymmetric reduction of 1,1-diphenylacetone, high enantioselectivity up to 98% was achieved. Monitoring the reaction in situ by infrared spectroscopy, it could be conjectured that the carbonyl iron cluster Fe 3(CO) 12 kept its trinuclear skeleton unchanged during the catalytic reaction.国家自然科学基金 (No.2 0 3730 56);; 福建省科技厅重大科技项目 (No.2 0 0 2F0 1 6);; 福建省厦门市科技局重大科技项目 (No .350 2Z2 0 0 2 1 0 4 4 )资

New Thoughts on Interpreters' Role Studies(1976—2014) :A Bibliometric Analysis Based on Relevant Literature

自1976年以来的近40年里,译员角色的研究取得了长足的发展。本文采取文献计量的方法,以1976—2014年间发表的国内外文献为对象,从发展历程、研究内容、成果分布等维度对译员角色研究的历史及现状进行梳理和分析,指出其存在的不足,并提出发展的思考,以期为今后的研究提供参考与借鉴。The past 40 years and moere has witnessed a rapid progress of interpreter's role studies.Adopting bibliometric analysis and drawing on a battery of researches from 1976 to 2014,this paper presents a comprehensive survey of the state of this field in terms of history,topics,achievements,and etc.In addition,the problems in this field and the prospects for further development are also discussed,with a uiew to offering some ideas for future researches

Research on aptitude and aptitude testing for interpreting

从会议口译成为一项专门职业以来,口译能力和技能受到口译研究者们广泛关注。但学界对口译学能的概念、分类及内容等界定不清,缺乏实证研究,且对口译学能测试鲜有论述。因此,如何从众多的申请者中选拔出最具有职业口译员潜质的学习者是口译教学者和测试者亟须解决的问题。本文旨在通过对口译学能概念的梳理及界定,初步提出口译学能测试框架,并结合该框架对国内口译硕士研究生入学考试项目进行考察,分析口译学能测试的现状和存在的问题,以期对口译教学及口译培训提供理论支持及现实依据。本文研究发现,在国内口译学能测试中,语言能力与百科知识受到较高的重视,但由于考试时间、测量工具及测量方法等诸多因素的限制,个体能力如学习动机、个性特征、身体及心理能力等未能得到客观的衡量,因此,如何开发心理测量工具以及如何设计相关测量方法是口译学能测试应解决的问题。本文最后指出该口译学能测试框架的科学性与可行性还有待实证检验。Since conference interpreting became a profession, interpreting abilities and skills have drawn the researchers' attention extensively.But the concept,classification and content of aptitude for interpreting have not been clarified yet,and related empirical studies are few.The aptitude testing for interpreting has hardly been discussed either.Therefore,how to select the most potential candidates is an urgent issue that needs to be addressed by teachers and examiners.This paper aims to initiate an aptitude testing framework for interpreting by clarifying and defining the concept of aptitude for interpreting.The framework is also used to study the interpreting postgraduate admission test,analyzing the current situation and pointing out existing problems of interpreting aptitude test in China.The research shows that great importance has been attached to the candidates' language abilities and general knowledge,while their individual qualities such as motivation,personal traits,physical and psychological qualities have not been tested objectively due to some restrictions like measuring tools and methods.Hence,how to design and develop scientific measuring tool and methods is the next concern.This paper finally points out that the scientificity and feasibility of this aptitude testing framework needs to be tested in further empirical studies.香港理工大学“AStudyonthePredictiveValidityofAdmissionTestsforMTIinChina”项目(编号:G-72-37-SB43)的资

活细胞单分子荧光标记——点亮生命微观世界的繁星

夏天的夜晚,深蓝色的天幕上,满缀着钻石般的繁星。点点的繁星好似明珠颗颗,闪闪的光芒照耀着大地。当你不经意间抬头看到这样的美景,你一定非常向往,非常想去触摸这漫天繁星。你一定也没有想过,这样的景象不止会在天空出现,也可以出现在我们的显微镜中。当荧光标记与成像技术和单分子的想法碰撞出火花,生物学家带领着人们开始探索另一个神秘的世界——生命微观世界。利用荧光蛋白来

Hyperspectral remote sensing of soil salinity for coastal saline soil in the Yellow River Delta based on HICO bands

This study aims to use hyperspectral reflectance to estimate soil salinity.Taking the coastal saline soil of the Yellow River Delta as an example,we collected insituground surface reflectance and soil samples for salinity analysis,and integrated with the HICO (Hyperspectral Imager for the Coastal Ocean)imagery data to map the distribution of salinity.The spectral features were established by band combination method.The sensitive features were selected by correlation analysis.The optimal models were selected by the determination coefficients R~2.The relationship between the in situ reflectance and the HICO hyperspectral reflectance is used to modify the model. And these models were applied to HICO images.The study showed that the models of band ratio(RI)and band difference(DI)with significantly high correlations with the soil salinity were established.The power function models established by DI_((845,473)),DI_((839,490)),DI_((845,496)),DI_((839,501))were the best ones(the determination coefficients R~2>0.86,and the relative prediction deviation RPD>3).The inversion results in the HICO from these models were consistent with each other,and can reflect the distribution of soil salinity for the Yellow River Delta. This study suggests that it is feasible to estimate the soil salinity by using the hyperspectral data,which can provide a reference for quantitative inversion of soil salinity in the coastal region

~（157，159）Tm基态附近性质的研究

利用可变转动惯量的三轴粒子－转子模型研究了１５７，１５９Ｔｍ低激发正宇称态的性质，理论值和实验值比较好的符合表明１５７Ｔｍ和１５９Ｔｍ是三轴形变核，指出实验还给出了１５７Ｔｍ另一条激发转动带．Properties of the low-lying positive-parity states in 157,159Tm are investigated ly using the triaxial rotor plus particle model with the variable moment of inertia (VMI) of the core.The good agreement between theory and experiment shows that 157Tm and 159Tm may be triaxiality.Furthermore,it is suggested that an excitation rotational band in 157Tm probably already exists in the experimental data.国家自然科学基金,核工业科学基