非圆钢带传动原理及误差分析

针对一种柔性基座中的钢带传动装置传动比误差较大的问题，对其传动原理和传动规律展开了分析。对带轮的非圆廓形进行计算，得到钢带传动的理论传动比和钢带受力特点；采用有限元仿真对钢带传动进行模拟，分析了钢带局部塑性弯曲和螺钉孔处应力集中对理论传动比的影响；对柔性基座的实验数据进行误差分析，并对比了实验数据与仿真数据，两者具有较好的相符性。研究中重点分析了带轮廓形、钢带局部塑性变形和钢带弹性变形对传动比的影响，提出了改进方案，使得钢带传动成为精确传动

非稳态工况下弹支SFD圆柱滚子轴承动态特性分析

航空发动机主轴系统中滚动轴承常与弹性支承和挤压油膜阻尼器（Squeeze film damper，SFD）联合使用，以降低转子的振动。由于支承方式的改变，轴承的运动状态发生较大的变化。基于滚动轴承动力学理论和模态综合法，建立了弹支SFD圆柱滚子轴承-刚性转子刚柔耦合动力学分析模型，开展了转子不平衡量产生的非稳态载荷对弹支SFD圆柱滚子轴承动态特性的影响研究。结果表明，非稳态工况下，弹支SFD圆柱滚子轴承保持架打滑率表现出明显的波动；挤压油膜阻尼器结构参数对轴承承载和打滑特性有不同程度的影响；周期性的时变载荷使保持架打滑增大且打滑率呈现无规则波动

Research Progresses of Sequencing Batch Reactor Technology

［中文文摘］回顾了序批式反应器(SBR)技术的发展历史,介绍了近20年来国内外SBR技术研究与应用的新发展,着重分析了其基本原理、技术优势和不足之处,指出SBR技术是一项极具竞争力的废水生物处理技术。［英文文摘］The development and application of sequencing batch reactor (SBR) technology in recent twenty years at home and abroad are reviewed. The principle, technology features and shortages of SBR technology are analyzed in detail. It points out that SBR is a biological wastewater treatment technology with very strong competitive power.国家自然科学基金资助项目(20076037

SIMULATED STARCH WASTEWATER TREATMENT BY MULTI-STAGE AERATION SBR PROCESS

［中文文摘］采用多阶段曝气SBR法处理模拟淀粉废水,研究温度和缺氧曝气时间比对处理效果的影响。结果表明,SBR法在室温下就能高效地处理淀粉废水。多阶段SBR法中的缺氧反应可以促进淀粉水解酸化成小分子有机酸,提高了废水的可生化性,但对COD的去除不明显;曝气反应对COD的去除起主要作用。水解/好氧时间比的设置应由废水性质来决定。对于处理淀粉浓度6.0g/L、相应COD值为6690mg/L的废水,“4h搅拌+8h曝气”组合是最高效的,反应24h,COD去除率高达96.8%,出水COD仅215mg/L;而对于处理淀粉浓度8.0g/L、相应COD值为8920mg/L的废水“,6h搅拌+12h曝气”组合是最高效的。只需处理30h,COD去除率高达94.4%,出水COD仅547mg/L。［英文文摘］A multi-stage aeration SBR process was designed to degrade simulated starch wastewater.Effects of temperature and the ratio of anoxia to aeration aerobic time on the process were studied.It was found that starch wastewater could be efficiently treated at room temperature.The hydrolysis treatment in multi-stage SBR process could accelerate the hydrolysis of starch into small organic acid molecule and improve the feasibility of biochemical treatment of the starch wastewater,but the removal efficiency of COD which was mainly determined by the aerobic treatment was relatively low. The optimal ratio of hydrolytic/aerobic time depended on the properties of wastewater. For the treatment of wastewater containing 6.0g/L starch and 6690 mg/L COD, the combination of 4 h+8 h was optimal, through which the removal efficiency of COD could reach to 96.8 % and the COD concentration of outlet wastewater was only 215 mg/L after treatment for 24h. The combination of 6 h+12 h could be the most efficient to treat the wastewater containing 8.0 g/L starch concentration and 8920 mg/L COD. After treatment for 30h, the removal efficiency of COD was 94.4 % and the COD concentration in outlet wastewater dropped to 547 mg/L.国家自然科学基金资助项目(20076037

Study on Starch Synthetic Wastewater Treatment by SBR Process

［中文文摘］采用序批式活性污泥法(SBR)处理模拟淀粉废水,研究缺氧时间、曝气时间、温度、进水负荷对处理效果的影响.结果表明,SBR法在室温下就能高效地处理淀粉废水.对于淀粉浓度≤1.0g·L-1、CODcr≤1115mg·L-1的废水,单用完全曝气SBR法就能得到很好的去除效果;随着浓度增大,则需要设置缺氧段,以促进淀粉被水解酸化成小分子有机酸,但缺氧段的设置对CODcr的去除不明显,曝气反应对CODcr的去除起主导作用.缺氧段的长短应由废水性质来决定.用SBR法处理淀粉废水具有较好抗负荷冲击能力和系统稳定性,在进水淀粉浓度高达6.0g·L-1、CODcr达6690mg·L-1时,淀粉去除率为97.3%,CODcr去除率为94.0%,经过1个多月的运行,废水中淀粉去除率和CODcr去除率均保持稳定.［英文文摘］The effects of anoxia time , aeration time , temperature and the organic load on the t reatment of starch wastewater in SBR reactor were investigated by using synthetic starch wastewater. It is shown that starch wastewater could be efficiently t reated at room temperature. Aerobic phase alone was sufficient for starch removal when starch concent ration and CODcr were less than 1. 0 g·L - 1 , 1 150 mg·L - 1 , respectively. When in2 creasing the organic load , anoxic phase was required to degrade most of the starch into organic acid. It was also found that CODcr was hardly removed by the anoxic biodegradation , whereas CODcr was mostly eliminated in aerobic phase. Moreover , SBR process seemed more insensitive to load fluctuation. Starch and CODcr removal efficiency achieved 97.3% and 94.5% , respectively , when starch concent ration in influent reached 6. 0 g·L - 1 (CODcr : 6 690 mg·L - 1) . Both the starch and CODcr removal efficiency kept stable during over2one2month operation.国家自然科学基金(20076037

Fabrication of Pattern of Graphene Oxide and Au Nanoparticles by Microcontanct Printing Technique

通过改良的“Hummers方法”制得氧化石墨烯，利用聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）弹性印章的微接触印刷技术，以Au膜和氧化石墨烯溶液为“墨水”，通过二次印章转移，分别将Au纳米粒子和氧化石墨烯（Graphene Oxide，GO）转移至修饰了(3-氨基丙基)三乙氧基硅烷（APTES）的ITO基底（APTES/ITO）表面. 利用场发射扫描电子显微镜（FE-SEM）、原子力显微镜（AFM）等表征图案，结果表明转移的AuNPs和GO组成的复合图案均匀，致密性较好. 利用表面电势显微镜（Surface Potential Microscope，SEPM，KFM）测定了各部分的表面电势，以APTES/ITO基底表面为表面电势零点，各部分表面电势大小为：APTES/ITO > GO > Au（0，-11.6，-44.2 mV）.Graphene oxide (GO) was prepared by modified Hummers method. Using the GO solution as "ink", Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) and GO were transferred to the surface of ITO substrate modified with (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES/ITO) in a sequence. The transferred AuNPs and GO could form a uniform and dense composite pattern which was characterized by FE-SEM and AFM. Moreover, using the APTES/ITO substrate surface potential as zero, the sequences of the surface potential were APTES>GO>Au.国家自然科学基金项目（No. 21073038，No. 21173048）资助作者联系地址：福州大学 化学化工学院，教育部暨福建省食品安全和分析检测重点实验室，福建 福州 350108Author's Address: Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China通讯作者E-mail：[email protected]

水剂法提取油茶籽油形成的乳化液中 蛋白的分离及其结构表征Structural characteristics of proteins derived from the emulsion formed during aqueous extraction of oil-tea camellia seed oil

水剂法提取油茶籽油时产生严重的乳化，是制约其应用的“瓶颈”。为明确其乳化液产生机制，对水剂法提取油茶籽油产生的乳化液中主要蛋白进行了分离与结构表征。结果表明：提取的粗蛋白在pH 2.0、4.0、6.0、8.0和pH 10.0条件下均表现优良的乳化特性；经初步纯化的蛋白组分（PEP）主要为7个分子质量为10～35 kDa的条带，其中13 kDa蛋白最多；PEP中谷氨酸、精氨酸和天冬氨酸含量较高，分别为（40.36±0.14）%、(14.51±0.09)%、(7.74±0.03)%；二级结构中α-螺旋、β-折叠、β-转角和无规卷曲含量分别为25.71%、31.55%、19.07%和23.83%，其中β-折叠含量最高；PEP溶液具有较高的内源荧光强度和表面疏水性。推测PEP为水剂法提取油茶籽油过程中乳化液形成的重要因素之一。It is unavoidable emulsification in the process of aqueous extraction of oil-tea camellia seed oil. To explore the generative mechanism of emulsion, the proteins in the oil-tea camellia seed oil emulsion were separated and its structural characteristics was investigated. The results showed that the crude proteins separated from the emulsion had excellent emulsifying properties at pH 2.0,4.0,6.0,8.0 and pH 10.0. The purified proteins(PEP) were seven major subunits/proteins with a molecular weight arranged from 10 kDa to 35 kDa, among them, the 13 kDa protein was the most. The PEP was rich in Glu, Arg and Asp, and their contents were (40.36±0.14)%, (14.51±0.09)% and (7.74±003)%, respectively. The contents of α-helix, β-folded, β-corner and random coil in PEP were 25.71%, 31.55%, 19.07% and 23.83%, respectively, among which the content of β-folded was the most. Moreover, the solution of PEP exhibited a high endogenous fluorescence intensity and surface hydrophobicity. It is hypothesized that the PEP is one of the important factors in the formation of emulsion during the extraction of oil-tea camellia seed oil by aqueous method

Aripiprazole versus other atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia

BACKGROUND: In most western industrialised countries, second generation (atypical) antipsychotics are recommended as first line drug treatments for people with schizophrenia. In this review we specifically examine how the efficacy and tolerability of one such agent - aripiprazole - differs from that of other comparable second generation antipsychotics. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of aripiprazole compared with other atypical antipsychotics for people with schizophrenia and schizophrenia-like psychoses. SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Schizophrenia Group Trials Register (November 2011), inspected references of all identified studies for further trials, and contacted relevant pharmaceutical companies, drug approval agencies and authors of trials for additional information. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included all randomised clinical trials (RCTs) comparing aripiprazole (oral) with oral and parenteral forms of amisulpride, clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone, sertindole, ziprasidone or zotepine for people with schizophrenia or schizophrenia-like psychoses. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We extracted data independently. For dichotomous data we calculated risk ratios (RR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) on an intention-to-treat basis based on a random-effects model. Where possible, we calculated illustrative comparative risks for primary outcomes. For continuous data, we calculated mean differences (MD), again based on a random-effects model. We assessed risk of bias for each included study. MAIN RESULTS: We included 12 trials involving 6389 patients. Aripiprazole was compared to olanzapine, risperidone and ziprasidone. All trials were sponsored by an interested drug manufacturer. The overall number of participants leaving studies early was 30% to 40%, limiting validity (no differences between groups).When compared with olanzapine no differences were apparent for global state (no clinically important change: n = 703, 1 RCT, RR short-term 1.00 95% CI 0.81 to 1.22; n = 317, 1 RCT, RR medium-term 1.08 95% CI 0.95 to 1.22) but mental state tended to favour olanzapine (n = 1360, 3 RCTs, MD total Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) 4.68 95% CI 2.21 to 7.16). There was no significant difference in extrapyramidal symptoms (n = 529, 2 RCTs, RR 0.99 95% CI 0.62 to 1.59) but fewer in the aripiprazole group had increased cholesterol levels (n = 223, 1 RCT, RR 0.32 95% CI 0.19 to 0.54) or weight gain of 7% or more of total body weight (n = 1095, 3 RCTs, RR 0.39 95% CI 0.28 to 0.54).When compared with risperidone, aripiprazole showed no advantage in terms of global state (n = 384, 2 RCTs, RR no important improvement 1.14 95% CI 0.81 to 1.60) or mental state (n = 372, 2 RCTs, MD total PANSS 1.50 95% CI -2.96 to 5.96).One study compared aripiprazole with ziprasidone (n = 247) and both the groups reported similar change in the global state (n = 247, 1 RCT, MD average change in Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) score -0.03 95% CI -0.28 to 0.22) and mental state (n = 247, 1 RCT, MD change PANSS -3.00 95% CI -7.29 to 1.29).When compared with any one of several new generation antipsychotic drugs the aripiprazole group showed improvement in global state in energy (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.69 95% CI 0.56 to 0.84), mood (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.77 95% CI 0.65 to 0.92), negative symptoms (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.82 95% CI 0.68 to 0.99), somnolence (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.80 95% CI 0.69 to 0.93) and weight gain (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.84 95% CI 0.76 to 0.94). Significantly more people given aripiprazole reported symptoms of nausea (n = 2881, 3 RCTs, RR 3.13 95% CI 2.12 to 4.61) but weight gain (7% or more of total body weight) was less common in people allocated aripiprazole (n = 330, 1 RCT, RR 0.35 95% CI 0.19 to 0.64). Aripiprazole may have value in aggression but data are limited. This will be the focus of another review. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Information on all comparisons are of limited quality, are incomplete and problematic to apply clinically. Aripiprazole is an antipsychotic drug with a variant but not absent adverse effect profile. Long-term data are sparse and there is considerable scope for another update of this review as new data emerges from the many Chinese studies as well as from ongoing larger, independent pragmatic trials