Abundance and production of bacteria and their correlations with environmental factor

以2014年8月南海北部海水样品为研究对象,利用平板计数法和流式细胞仪计数法对南海北部表层和垂直海域可培养细菌和细菌总数分布状况进行研究,对细菌; 生产力进行测定,并结合环境因子进行相关性分析。结果表明:珠江口到南海北部海域,水平方向可培养细菌总数变化范围是3.70*10~2 ~; 1.42*10~3 CFU/mL,细菌总数变化范围是5.12 * 10~5 ~1.61 * 10~6; cells/mL,细菌生产力的变化范围是0.03 ~0.40 mg/m~3/h;垂直方向上可培养细菌变化范围是1.08 *10~3 ~9.00; *10~3 CFU/mL,细菌生产力变化范围是0.01 ~0.08; mg/m~3/h,其中表层海水中的细菌生产力明显高于底层。与环境因子相关性分析表明,水平方向上,影响南海北部表层海水细菌总数和细菌生产力的主要因; 素是温度、盐度、硝酸盐(NO_3-N)、硅酸盐(SiO_3-Si)、亚硝酸盐(NO_2-N)和磷酸盐(PO_4-P)(P<0.05);垂直方向上; ,影响南海北部可培养细菌总数的主要因素是NO_2-N(P<0.05),影响细菌生产力的主要影响因素是温度和盐度(P; <0.05)。可见,南海北部表层海水中细菌总数高于可培养细菌总数2; ~3个数量级,表明该海域表层海水存在大量不可培养细菌;细菌的生命活动在海水表层相较底层更为活跃。Distribution of abundance and production of bacteria and their; correlations with environmental factor were investigated, using plate; count method and flow cytometry, in the surface and vertical waters of; the northern south China sea in August 2014. The cultivable bacterial; abundance ranged from 3.70 * 10~2 CFU/mL to 1.42 * 10~3 CFU/ mL, the; total bacterial abundance ranged from 5.12 * 10~5 cells/mL to 1.61 *; 10~6 cells/mL and the bacterial productions varied from 0.03 mg/m~3/h to; 0.40 mg/m~3/h in horizontal distribution. In vertical distribution, the; cultivable bacterial abundance ranged from 1.08 * 10~3 CFU/mL to 9.00 *; 10~3 CFU/mL and the bacterial productions varied from 0.01 mg/m~3/h to; 0.08 mg/m~3/h, respectively. The correlation analysis results showed; that the environmental factors affecting the abundance of total bacteria; and bacterial productivity included temperature, salinity,; nitrate(NO_3-N),silicate (SiO_3-Si), nitrite (NO_2-N),and phosphate; (PO_4-P) (P<0.05). NO_2-N was the main influencing factor to cultivable; bacteria abundance (P < 0.05), while bacterial productivity was highly; correlated with temperature and salinity in vertical distribution of; northern south China sea (P < 0.05). The total bacterial abundance was 2; ~ 3 orders of magnitude higher than cultivable bacteria, suggesting that; there were many uncultured bacterium in surface water of northern south; China sea and bacterial activities in the surface maybe more active than; in the bottom.全球变化与海气交互作用; 国家重点研发计划全球变化及应对专项; 海洋公益性行业科研专

高安全性三甲基硅功能化碳酸丙烯酯电解液的合成及其在锂离子电池中的应用

设计合成了一种新型三甲基硅取代碳酸丙烯酯化合物（TMSPC）,并对其化学结构、热性能、离子电导率、电化学窗口和燃烧性能进行了详细的表征。通过与商业电解液（1mol.L-1 LiPF6/EC∶DEC=1∶1,体积比）互配组成电解液,30%（vol）TMSPC的添加能大大降低电解液的燃烧速率。同时,对LiFeO4/Li半电池进行测试,在0.2C倍率条件下,30%（vol）TMSPC的添加也能提高电池的循环性,未添加与添加TMSPC的LiFeO4/Li在110个循环后的容量分别为106 mA.h.g-1和109 mA.h.g-1,相应的容量保持率为81%和87%

腈基功能化有机硅电解液添加剂对lifepo4电池低温性能的影响

合成了一种腈基功能化有机硅化合物3-氰乙基-二乙氧基-甲基硅烷(DESCN),并对其化学结构和电化学窗口进行了表征.采用恒流充放电、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)及电化学阻抗谱(EIS)等方法研究了DESCN添加剂对LiFePO4电池低温性能的影响.结果表明,DESCN化合物能够在电极表面参与形成更薄、更均匀且致密的固体电解质界面(SEI)膜,抑制电解液副反应的发生,减小界面膜阻抗,有利于低温下电极/电解液界面的Li^+扩散和电荷转移,从而提高LiFePO4电池的低温性能

溶胶凝胶法合成富锂正极材料lili02ni02mn06o2及性能表征

以LiOH·H2O、Mn（CH3COO）2·4H2O和Ni（CH3COO）2·4H20为原料，分别用柠檬酸（CA）与乙二胺四乙酸（EDTA）为配位剂，采用溶胶凝胶法结合固相烧结法制备富锂固溶体正极材料LiLi0.2Ni0.2Mn0.6dO2。通过X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、激光粒度仪对所得样品的结构、形貌、粒径分布进行了表征，并测试了材料的电化学性能。采用CA配位制备的材料的电化学性能优于用EDTA配位制备的材料的电化学性能，室温下以18mA·g-1的电流密度，在2．0—4．8V电压范围内充放电，用CA制备的材料首次充电比容量高达324mAh·g-1,首次库伦效率达82％；在180mA·g-1的电流下，其可逆比容量保持在120mAh·g-1

Modification of Carboxymethyl Chitosan as Water Soluble Binder for Lithium Iron Phosphate Cathode in Lithium-ion Batteries

Carboxymethyl chitosan （C-CTS） was modified in two different methods as water soluble binder for LiFePO4 （LFP） cathode： （1） blending C-CTS with polyethylene oxide （PEG） to prepare the composite binder （C-CTS/PEG）, （2） using trimethylolpropane tris（2-meth

中国心理学会会议论文集

早晚型指的是人们对一天时间偏好的个体差异。职业司机往往面临早晚班执勤的交替,而早晚型特征可能是影响他们工作绩效及安全驾驶的重要因素之一,但这一领域的研究并不多见。本研究通过问卷和实验室实验,系统探讨了早晚型驾驶员在人格特征、认知能力以及驾驶行为方面的差异。问卷研究的结果发现,越是偏晚间型的驾驶员则危险驾驶行为越多;宜人性在早晚型对危险驾驶行为的作用中起调节作用。实验室研究发现,晚间型驾驶员的视觉搜&nbsp;</p

急性缺血性卒中患者运动想象训练中认知负荷与生理指标的相关性研究 Correlation between Cognitive Load and Physiological Indicators in Motor Imagery Training in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke

目的 通过对急性缺血性卒中患者运动想象训练中生理指标的动态监测，探究认知负荷与不同生理指标间的关系。 方法 采用描述性相关研究设计，连续纳入2022年2—11月首都医科大学宣武医院神经内科符合纳入标准的急性缺血性卒中患者进行测评。患者在双手握球状态下模仿计算机屏幕中的抓握动作，先进行左手抓握想象训练（4 s）3次，休息3 s，再进行右手抓握想象训练（4 s）3次，休息3 s，共进行42轮、252次抓握想象训练，总时长约为20 min。在患者运动想象训练前、训练结束即刻，利用认知负荷量表测量认知负荷，训练全程监测患者生理指标，通过潜在剖面分析与相关性分析对患者认知负荷与生理指标的关系进行探究。 结果 共纳入102例急性缺血性卒中患者，平均年龄（58.94±13.07）岁，发病到就诊时间2（1～5）d，NIHSS评分3（2～5）分。潜在剖面分析与相关性分析结果显示，急性缺血性卒中患者运动想象训练前的认知负荷潜在分型分为3型，具体为“认知负荷全维度低谷型”“高努力程度与零体力要求型”“高脑力要求-自我表现型”。心率、脉率、呼吸频率、血氧饱和度、收缩压、舒张压、收缩压变异系数、舒张压变异系数、结束即刻心率、结束即刻脉率、结束即刻呼吸频率、结束即刻血氧饱和度与认知负荷总分、认知负荷各维度具有不同程度的相关性。运动想象训练过程中认知负荷的潜在分型分为4型，具体为“高时限要求-低受挫程度型”“高体力要求-时限要求-努力程度-受挫程度与低自我表现型”“高努力程度与低自我表现-受挫程度型”“高体力要求-努力程度-受挫程度与低自我表现型”。心率、脉率、呼吸频率、血氧饱和度、收缩压、舒张压、平均动脉压、收缩压变异系数、舒张压变异系数、结束即刻心率、结束即刻脉率、结束即刻呼吸频率、结束即刻血氧饱和度、结束即刻收缩压、结束即刻舒张压、结束即刻平均动脉压与认知负荷总分、认知负荷各维度具有不同程度的相关性。认知负荷与生命体征的典型相关分析结果显示，在运动想象训练中的类别1～4中，类别1的第1对典型相关对具有统计学意义（P＜0.001），典型相关系数＞0.999，其中收缩压变异系数、舒张压变异系数的标准化系数绝对值较大。 结论 在急性缺血性卒中患者运动想象训练前、训练过程中各认知负荷潜在剖面类别分组的认知负荷与生命体征存在相关性，其中，收缩压变异系数、舒张压变异系数能更精确地反映训练中类别1患者的认知负荷。 Abstract: Objective To explore the relationship between cognitive load and different physiological indicators by dynamic monitoring the physiological indicators in the motor imagery training in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Methods A descriptive correlational research design was adopted, and patients with acute ischemic stroke who met the inclusion criteria were consecutively enrolled for assessments from February to November 2022 at the Department of Neurology of Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University. Patients mimicked the grasping actions on the computer screen while holding a ball with both hands. They first performed left-hand grasping imagery training (4 seconds) three times, then rested for 3 seconds. After that, they performed right-hand grasping imagery training (4 seconds) three times, then rested for 3 seconds again. A total of 42 rounds and 252 grasping imagery training sessions were conducted, with a total duration of approximately 20 minutes. Before the start of motor imagery training and immediately after its completion, the cognitive load scale was used to measure the cognitive load, and the physiological indicators were monitored throughout the training. The relationship between cognitive load and physiological indicators was analyzed using latent profile and correlation analyses. Results A total of 102 patients with acute ischemic stroke were included, with an average age of (58.94±13.07) years, the time from onset to treatment of 2 (1-5) days, and the NIHSS score of 3 (2-5) points. Results from latent profile and correlation analyses revealed that the latent types of cognitive load in patients with acute ischemic stroke before motor imagery training were divided into three classes, specifically “low cognitive load in all dimensions type” “high effort and zero physical requirements type” and “high mental requirements-self-expression type”. Heart rate, pulse rate, respiratory rate, blood oxygen saturation, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, coefficient of variability of systolic blood pressure, coefficient of variability of diastolic blood pressure, heart rate immediately after the end, pulse rate immediately after the end, respiratory rate immediately after the end, and blood oxygen saturation immediately after the end were correlated with the total score of cognitive load and various dimensions of cognitive load. The latent types of cognitive load during motor imagery training were divided into four classes, specifically “high time limit requirements-low frustration type” “high physical requirements-time limit requirements-effort level-frustration and low self-expression type” “high effort level and low self-expression-frustration type” and “high physical requirements-effort level-frustration and low self-expression type”. Heart rate, pulse rate, respiratory rate, blood oxygen saturation, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, coefficient of variability of systolic blood pressure, coefficient of variability of diastolic blood pressure, heart rate immediately after the end, pulse rate immediately after the end, respiratory rate immediately after the end, blood oxygen saturation immediately after the end, systolic blood pressure immediately after the end, diastolic blood pressure immediately after the end, and mean arterial pressure immediately after the end were correlated with the total score of cognitive load and various dimensions of cognitive load. The results of the canonical correlation analysis between cognitive load and vital signs showed that among classes one to four in motor imagery training, the first canonical correlation pair in class one was statistically significant (P<0.001), with a canonical correlation coefficient＞0.999. The absolute values of the standardized coefficients for systolic and diastolic blood pressure variability were relatively high. Conclusions In patients with acute ischemic stroke, there were correlations between cognitive load and vital signs across latent profile classes before and during motor imagery training. Notably, the coefficients of variability of systolic and diastolic blood pressure indicated cognitive load of patients in class one during training more accurately

酶法醇解合成2-花生四烯酸单甘酯Enzymatic synthesis of 2-arachidonoylglycerol by ethanolysis

2-花生四烯酸单甘酯（2-AG）是一种内源性大麻素，在神经、心血管和免疫等系统中具有一系列的生理活性。为实现2-AG的绿色高效制备，探究了脂肪酶催化醇解富含花生四烯酸的微生物油制备2-AG的方法。以2-单甘酯（2-MAG）含量为指标，通过单因素实验对酶法催化醇解反应条件进行了优化，并采用溶剂萃取法对产物进行纯化。结果表明：最佳反应条件为以Lipozyme 435脂肪酶为醇解脂肪酶、酶添加量4%（以油质量计）、油与无水乙醇物质的量比1∶ 40、叔丁醇为溶剂、油溶比2∶ 3、反应温度35 ℃、反应时间8 h，在最佳条件下粗产物中2-MAG含量为3363%；经溶剂萃取纯化后2-MAG的纯度达到了94.79%，其中2-AG含量为40.70%。 综上，酶法醇解富含花生四烯酸的微生物油可以获得高2-AG含量的2-MAG。2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) is an endogenous cannabinoid and exhibits a variety of biological activities in the central nervous, cardiovascular, and immune systems. To prepare 2-AG in a greener and efficient way, a lipase-catalyzed alcoholysis of microbial oil rich in arachidonic acid was used to synthesize 2-AG. With the 2-monoacylglycerol (2-MAG) content as an index, the reaction conditions of lipase-catalyzed alcoholysis were optimized by single factor experiment, and a solvent extraction method was employed to purify the product. The results showed that the optimal reaction conditions of lipase-catalyzed alcoholysis were as follows: Lipozyme 435 as alcoholysis enzyme, lipase dosage 4% (relative to oil mass), molar ratio of oil to anhydrous ethanol 1∶ 40, tert-butanol as solvent, ratio of oil to solvent 2∶ 3, reaction temperature 35 ℃ and reaction time 8 h. Under the optimal conditions, 2-MAG content in the crude product was up to 33.63%. The purity of 2-MAG after purification was up to 9479%, and the content of 2-AG was 40.70%. In conclusion, enzymatic alcoholysis of microbial oil rich in arachidonic acid can obtain 2-MAG with high 2-AG content