300kg/a规模流化床制碳纳米管中试研究

采用Ni-Mg-O复合氧化物催化剂进行了流化床甲烷催化裂解法制碳纳米管的中试实验,研究了主要操作变量对甲烷转化率、催化剂产碳率、产品团聚率及催化剂损失率的影响,得到了适宜的操作条件为:甲烷进气流速16～19 cm/s、催化剂粒径150～220μm、催化剂加入量50～60 g、反应温度650～700℃、反应时间120～140 min。多批次重复性实验表明,在选定的操作条件下,甲烷转化率约为30%,催化剂产碳率约为10 gCNTs/gCAT。对纯化后的产品进行SEM及TEM形貌表征显示,制得的碳纳米管管径均匀,中空结构明显,碳纳米管的外径为10～30 nm,内径为2～5 nm。中国海洋石油总公司科技项目(CNOOC-KJ125FZDXM00TJY001-2014

2018年安溪珠塔内窑调查报告

2018年5月至7月,厦门大学历史系考古专业、福建博物院文物考古研究所及安溪县博物馆等单位联合组成\"安溪古窑址调查队\",对安溪珠塔内窑进行了全面的调查,基本了解珠塔内窑古窑址分布与保存情况,采集了一批明末清初的青花瓷器、白瓷与窑具标本,并发现部分窑炉遗迹,为研究闽南地区青花瓷窑业发展提供了第一手资料

A Highly Efficient Sc_2O_3-promoted Ni-ZrO_2 Catalyst for Methanation of Coal-based Syngas to Produce Synthetic Natural Gas

用SC2O3作为促进剂,研发出一种SC2O3掺杂的高效新型nI-zrO2基催化剂,该催化剂对CO和CO2共甲烷化制合成天然气(Sng)显示出高的活性和优异的热稳定性.在组成经优化的nI6zr3SC1催化剂上,0.1 MPA,573k,V(H2)∶V(CO)∶V(CO2)∶V(n2)=75∶15∶5∶5,出口空速gHSV=40 000Ml/(H·g)的反应条件下,在反应开始之后的20~332H的反应过程中,CO和CO2的转化率一直分别保持在100%和85%的高水平,产物甲烷的选择性一直保持在100%.耐热试验结果显示,在973k下经历24H甲烷化反应、而后降至573k的nI6zr3SC1催化剂试样上,(CO+CO2)的总转化率仍能稳定地保持在80.2%的水平;而不含SC2O3的原基质催化剂(nI6zr4)在经历相同耐热试验过程之后的(CO+CO2)总转化率骤降至2.7%,暗示其因烧结而失活.催化剂的表征结果证实,可观量的SC3+溶解入zrO2晶格导致具有C-zrO2结构的单一C-(zr-SC)Oy相的生成并使其稳定化,这类C-(zr-SC)Oy相与nI6zr3SC1催化剂的高活性,尤其与优良的热稳定性,密切相关.A type of highly efficient Ni-ZrO2catalysts doped with Sc2O3for co-methanation of CO and CO2 was developed,and displayed high activity and excellent thermal stability.Over a Ni6Zr3Sc1catalyst under the reaction conditions of 0.1 MPa,573 K,V(H2)∶V(CO)∶V(CO2)∶V(N2)=75∶15∶5∶5,GHSV=40 000mL/(h·g)(outlet),the observed conversion of CO and CO2maintained continuously at high levels of 100%and 85%,respectively,during 20-332hafter the reaction started,with the corresponding selectivity of CH4product being 100%.The results of heat-resisting test showed that,over the Ni6Zr3Sc1catalyst after undergoing 24h of the methanation operation at 973Kfollowed by going down to 573K,the total conversion of(CO+CO2)still maintained stable at the level of 80.2%,whereas that of the Sc2O3-free Ni6Zr4catalyst after undergoing the same heat-resisting test fell to 2.7%,implying that it was deactivated due to sintering.The results of the catalyst characterization demonstrated that solution of a considerable amount of Sc3+in the ZrO2lattice resulted in the formation of(Zr-Sc)Oy composite oxide with simple c-ZrO2phase-structure,which was closely associated with the high activity,especially the extremely high thermal stability,of the Ni6Zr3Sc1catalyst.国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2011CBA00508); 优秀国家重点实验室基金项目(20923004); 教育部创新团队项目(IRT1036

Development of Novel Catalysts for Steam-reforming of Methanol or Ethanol to Generate Hydrogen

新型替代清洁能源的开发是大势所趋.氢能作为理想的清洁能源之一,已引起人们广泛重视.但氢能广泛地应用,尤其是用作电动车燃料电池的燃料,必须解决其储存和输运的技术问题.采用液体作为氢的载体,通过其重整即时产生燃料H2在商业上具有重要实用价值.在诸多可重整制H2的液体燃料中,甲醇、乙醇以其反应温度和压力低,H/C比高,无nOX、SOX排放,并可利用现行动力燃料输配系统等优点而占据优势.本文介绍甲醇、乙醇制氢技术的研发动态,重点报道本实验室在甲醇、乙醇经水蒸气重整制氢用高效高稳定性催化剂的研发进展.There is an ongoing trend to move toward exploitation of clean alternative energy sources.As one of the ideal energy sources,hydrogen has drawn great attention and been intensively studied.In order for hydrogen to be more widely used,especially serving as power-fuel for hydrogen-fuel-cell-driven vehicles,it is critical to solve issues associated with the storage and transportation of hydrogen.Liquid hydrogen-carriers,which can generate hydrogen in situ through conversion/reforming,are commercially important for practical applications.Among the many liquid-fuels that can generate hydrogen through reforming,methanol and ethanol have displayed some advantages in relatively lower reaction temperature and pressure,higher H/C ratio,no emission of NOxand SOxas by-products,and making use of the existing power-fuel transportation-distribution systems.In this article,we review recent developments in the hydrogen generation from methanol or ethanol,highlighting the progress in our lab on the development of catalysts for hydrogen generation from methanol or ethanol through steam reforming.国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2011CBA00508); 优秀国家重点实验室基金项目(20923004); 教育部创新团队项目(IRT1036

A Novel Sc-promoted CuO-ZnO-Al_2O_3 Catalyst for Dehydrogenation of Cyclohexanol to Cyclohexanone

用SC2O3作为促进剂,研发出一种高效新型SC2O3促进的Cu-znO-Al2O3基催化剂(记为CuIznJAlk-XSCX),考察其对环己醇脱氢制环己酮的催化性能.实验结果显示,在组成经优化的Cu6zn3Al0.7SC0.3催化剂上,常压,523 k,n(C6H11OH)∶n(n2)=1∶19和空速(gHSV)=43 200Ml/(H·g)的反应条件下,环己醇脱氢的转化率达53.7%,产物环己酮的时空产率为5 344Mg/(H·g),这2个值均为不含SC2O3的基质催化剂Cu6zn3Al1的相应值(42.4%,4 222Mg/(H·g))的1.27倍.催化剂的表征结果显示,SC2O3的修饰调变作用可能是由于SC2O3在znO晶格中高的溶解度.少量SC2O3在znO晶格中的溶解在znO表面产生阳离子空位形式的SCHOTTky缺陷,通过这些表面阳离子空位接纳Cu+离子使Cuy0-Cu+原子簇得以稳定化.这有助于抑制催化活性Cuy0纳米颗粒的团聚烧结,保持Cu组分的高分散度,于是显著地提高催化剂的活性和操作稳定性.该催化剂具有应用前景.A type of Sc2O3-promoted Cu-ZnO-Al2O3 catalyst was developed.The catalyst displays excellent performance for dehydrogenation of cyclohexanol to cyclohexanone.Over a Cu6Zn3Al0.7Sc0.3catalyst under the reaction condition of atmospheric pressure,523 K,n(C6H11OH)∶n(N2)=1∶19and GHSV=43 200 mL/(h·g),the conversion of cyclohexanol dehydrogenation reached53.7%,with the STY of cyclohexanone being 5 344mg/(h·g);both values were 1.27 times of those obtained with the Cu-ZnOAl2O3 catalyst not containing Sc2O3,42.4% and 4 222 mg/(h·g).Characterization of the catalyst revealed that the pronounced modification action of Sc3+may be due to the high solubility of Sc2O3 in the ZnO lattice.Solution of a small amount of Sc2O3 in the ZnO lattice resulted in the formation of Schottky defects in the form of cationic vacancies at the surface of ZnO,where the Cuy0-Cu+clusters can be better stabilized through the Cu+accommodated at the surface vacant cation-sites.This would be conducive to inhibiting the aggregation and sintering of the catalytically active Cuy0nano-particles and preserving high dispersion degree of Cu composition,so that the activity and operating stability of the catalyst were markedly improved.国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2011CBA00508); 优秀国家重点实验室基金项目(20923004); 教育部创新团队项目(IRT1036

The p38 pathway regulates oxidative stress tolerance by phosphorylation of mitochondrial protein IscU

The p38 pathway is an evolutionarily conserved signaling pathway that responds to a variety of stresses. However, the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. In the present study, we demonstrate that p38b is a major p38 MAPK involved in the regulation of oxidative stress tolerance in addition to p38a and p38c in Drosophila. We further show the importance of MK2 as a p38-activated downstream kinase in resistance to oxidative stresses. Furthermore, we identified the iron-sulfur cluster scaffold protein IscU as a new substrate of MK2 both in Drosophila cells and in mammalian cells. These results imply a new mechanistic connection between the p38 pathway and mitochondria iron-sulfur clusters. ? 2014 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc