Study on the Optimization of Water Environmental Investment

20世纪70年代末期以来，随着中国经济持续快速发展，发达国家上百年工业化过程中分阶段出现的环境问题在中国集中出现，环境与发展的矛盾日益突出。为此，全国各地区、各部门不断加大环境保护工作力度，并取得了积极的进展。以政府为主导的多元环保投资是环境保护的主要推动力，其大小和效果关系到污染控制、环境建设和生态保护，关系到生态环境质量的改善，最终关系到环境对经济发展的保证和支持程度。近二十年来，我国经济高速发展，综合国力明显增强，与此同时，环境保护投资也有较大的增长。然而，环保投资领域还存在许多问题亟待解决，突出表现在：环境保护投入效益不高，缺乏规范化的投入效益评价体系；环境保护的投入结构和方向不尽合理...Since 1970s, under the background of Chinese rapid and continuous economic development, the environmental problems which emerged at different stage in the developed countries during their hundreds-of-year industrialization have kept coming out intensively in China. The conflicts between environment and development grow more and more serious. The multiplicity of environmental investment under the o...学位：理学硕士院系专业：海洋与环境学院环境科学与工程系_环境科学学号：2005130225

Study on Public Participation in Environmental Protection

在中国,公众参与、辅助政府各项工作已经取得一定的进展,然而公众参与程度和方式有待进一步扩充和完善。由于一些环境问题的潜在高风险性以及部分公众环保意识的迅速增强,使得政府充分发挥民主作用,鼓励和引导更深、更广层次的公众参与成为迫切要求。本文将在充分认识公众参与环保事业现状的前提下,研究其特殊性与局限性,并重新明确、界定公众参与的对象,最后在识别已有条件和潜在机遇的基础上,探索如何充分利用信息化、市场化条件建立、完善各种公众参与渠道,进而创造生动、务实的公众参与环境保护的局面。In China,it has been making progress for the public to participate and assist the work of government.However,the method and extent of participation still need to be amended and broaden.Because of the potential high risk of resolutions of some environment problems and ascending demand of the public to protect the environment,to better promote democracy and to encourage and induct broader and more profound pubic participation is impendence right now.In this paper,with the precondition of full understanding of recent public participation in environmental protection,we study the particular situation in China and its disadvantages,then definitude and redefine the categories of people involved in public participation.In the last,by identifying the qualifications and opportunities of environmental public participation,we explore a new situation that the public participate in environmental protection in a vivid and concrete way by clearing and amending the channels for qublic participation under the advantage of informationization and market power

Commentary on Assessment Methods for Performances of Comprehensive Environmental Rehabilitation

在总结各地环境综合整治情况的基础上,将环境综合整治绩效评价的方法归总为指标法和投入效益分析法。前者通过制定全面的参照系,有利于政府综合整治工作的横向与纵向的比较;后者则用更为直观的货币值衡量综合整治的收益,通过与费用比较得出环境综合整治的绩效值。Based on summarizing situations of comprehensive environmental rehabilitation all over the country,two main methods to evaluate performance of comprehensive environmental rehabilitation were generalized,including index method and input-benefit analysis method. The former method was propitious to comparing performance in longitudinal and latitudinal way by establishing comprehensive frame of indexes. The latter used more obvious monetary value to weigh benefit of comprehensive rehabilitation by comparing with its cost to acquire the value of comprehensive environmental rehabilitation

Retrospect and Outlook on Utilization of Fly Ash

介绍了粉煤灰的物理化学性质和结构,从不同角度分析了粉煤灰的应用情况及存在的问题,并对粉煤灰潜在的综合利用途径进行了探讨和展望,以期为粉煤灰的合理有效利用提供可行依据。Physical and chemical characteristics and structure of fly ash were introduced. Utilization situation and existing problems of fly ash were analyzed from different perspectives. And potential approaches of integrated utilization of fly ash were discussed to provide feasible basis for reasonable and effective application of fly ash

The Application of Fly Ash in the Eletroplating Industry

本文主要阐述了粉煤灰在电镀行业中的研究现状及应用状况,分析讨论了粉煤灰处理电镀污染物的机理,对比了现有的电镀污染物传统处理方法,并指出了粉煤灰在电镀行业应用中存在的问题及发展前景。In this paper,current research and application situation of fly ash in the electroplating industry is presented.Mechanism of treating elec- troplating pollutants by fly ash is discussed and analysised.In the end,current traditional treatment of electroplating pollutants is contrasted and existed problems and future look on the application of fly ash in the electroplating industry are mentioned

金属空气电池堆及其电池单体

本实用新型公开了一种金属空气电池堆及其电池单体，电池单体包括框架，所述框架包括框架本体和开设有排气孔的上盖，所述框架本体或上盖上开设有阳极导线槽，且框架两端的两个端面中的至少一个上开设有气体槽，相邻的两个所述框架的端面贴合后，该两个贴合的端面上的气体槽相对并共同形成气体通道；阴极包括分别密封固定在所述框架两端的两个阴极片，两个阴极片将所述框架的内部封闭形成能够填充电解液的容纳腔，外部气体能够经所述空气通道与阴极接触；设置在框架内部的阳极，且阳极位于两个所述阴极片之间，阳极的导电片穿过阳极导线槽外露于所述框架。该电池单体可以有效地解决金属空气电池的结构不紧凑，体积较大且功率密度较低的问题

西藏不同居群大花黄牡丹的种子油脂成分分析

【目的】对不同居群大花黄牡丹油脂成分进行评价,揭示该种是否适合作为油用牡丹开发的新材料。【方法】使用气质联用色谱法(GC-MS)对采自西藏林芝和山南地区5个居群的混合种子以及2个居群的单株进行了油脂成分分析。【结果】大花黄牡丹籽油富含不饱和脂肪酸(86.32%),油酸>α-亚麻酸>亚油酸;林芝地区4个居群油脂成分接近,各脂肪酸成分显著高于山南居群;居群内单株油脂成分林芝1号居群内部无差异,山南居群内部差异明显。【结论】野生大花黄牡丹油脂成分和组成与其他栽培种油用牡丹差异较大,油酸含量较高,亚麻酸含量较低,更有利于保存,大花黄牡丹可以作为油用牡丹开发的新材料

氮素添加对内蒙古退化草原生产力的短期影响

不合理的土地利用方式以及气候变化导致我国草原生态系统普遍退化,主要表现在土壤养分降低、植被覆盖度减少、生产力下降。外源氮素添加是促进退化草原尽快恢复的一项重要措施,尤其是对那些退化较为严重的草原。该研究选取内蒙古东乌珠穆沁旗不同退化程度(轻度、中度和重度)的草原群落,于2014–2015年开展连续两年的氮素添加实验,设置对照(不添加)、低水平(5.0 g N·m~(–2)·a~(–1))、中水平(10.0 g N·m~(–2)·a~(–1))和高水平(20.0 g N·m~(–2)·a~(–1))4种氮素添加处理,探讨退化草原群落生产力在恢复过程中对不同水平氮素添加的响应。结果显示:(1)高、中水平氮素添加显著提高了轻度退化群落的地上生物量,分别比对照增加了53.1%、51.6%,氮素各水平添加对中度、重度群落地上生物量无显著影响;(2)高、中水平氮素添加显著提高了轻度退化群落中多年生根茎型禾草地上生物量,分别比对照增加了45.1%、47.7%,而多年生杂类草地上生物量分别比对照减少了37.4%、42.1%,但中度和重度退化群落各功能群生物量的响应不显著;(3)三种水平氮素添加对轻、中、重度退化群落物种丰富度在试验期间均没有显著影响。研究结果表明氮素添加有助于提高轻度退化草原中多年生根茎型禾草的生物量,进而提高群落的生物量,但多年生杂类草会被逐渐替代,导致生物量降低,可见施氮对草原恢复的影响取决于草原退化程度