China’s Collective Forest Tenure Reform Trends and Performance Evaluation——A Household Survey Based on the 1050 Farmers in 22 Provinces (Autonomous Regions and Municipalities)

【中文摘要】 根据2011年对全国22省(区、市)76村1050户农户的调查数据,从微观角度跟踪观察了本次集体林权制度改革村庄实践态势,并对其经济、社会绩效进行了评估。调查显示:近7成的农户领到林权证,与林改前相比,样本户的承包山总面积累计有10%左右的增加;农户对国家林业政策稳定性仍有疑虑;部分地区政策执行不到位;林权抵押贷款政策实施面临一些困难。研究表明:随着集体林权制度改革的深入推进,农户对林地的投入有所增加;林农收入有所增加;社会资金向林产业积聚,社会造林绿化积极性提高;林下经济取得了初步发展。【基金】 国家林业局委托课题“中国林改百村跟踪观察项目”(编号:JG08062

一种催化空气氧化醇制备醛和酮的方法

一种催化空气氧化醇制备醛和酮的方法，按100mol的底物醇计， 0.2mol％的2，2，6，6-四甲基哌啶-氧自由基或其衍生物，4-10mol％的活性溴和4-10mol％的亚硝酸盐为催化剂，1-5mL水，100mL二氯甲烷，充空气至压力表为0.4-0.9MPa，100度下反应1-10小时。本发明使用(0.2mol％) 催化量的TEMPO可以将芳香苄醇、杂芳香苄醇(含N，S等元素)、脂肪醇和脂环醇等高选择性地氧化成相应醛和酮。同时，由于使用1，3-二溴-5，5- 二甲基海因作为助催化剂，极大地改善了单质溴素使用所带来的不方便和安全因素。带填

中华医学会精神病学分会会议论文集

&lt;正&gt;目的本文采用独立成分分析(ICA)研究抑郁症患者及其健康同胞静息状态下默认网络的脑自发活动特征。方法检测静息状态下18例抑郁症患者(患者组)以及18例健康同胞(同胞组)和性别、年龄、受教育程度与患者相匹配的18例健康对照(对照组)的脑功能活动。首先,采用单因素方差分析(ANOVA)找到三组被试在默认网络内&nbsp;</p

一种用于单频激光器的激光腔型

本发明公开了一种用于单频激光器的激光腔型，包括：用于光纤耦合输出的泵浦源；在45°的情况下，对于泵浦光高透，对于振荡光高反的第一平面镜；作为谐振腔的输出镜的第二平面镜；在45°的情况下，对于振荡光高反的第三平面镜；在45°的情况下，对于振荡光高反的第四平面镜；对于振荡光高透，具有一定焦距的第一透镜；对于振荡光高透，具有一定焦距的第二透镜；以及激光晶体。利用本发明，不仅可以方便摆放更多的元器件，而且通过改变透镜的焦距，可以很容易的实现激光腔的模式匹配

Evolution and present situation of Traditional Chinese Medicine nursing technology (中医护理技术沿革及应用现状)

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) nursing technology has a history of more than one thousand years, and it has rich content and wide practicability. In ancient times, Medical scientists combined medical knowledge and experience of medicine, medicine and nursing, and gained rich experience in TCM nursing technology in practice. With the development of TCM, the operation of TCM nursing technology is more scientific and standardized. According to the clue of development of TCM, this paper summarized the development history of TCM nursing technology, and provided ideas for the inheritance and innovation of TCM nursing technology. (中医护理技术具有千年的历史, 有着丰富的内容和广泛的实用性。在中医实践中, 历代医学家集医、药、护多方面医学知识和经验于一身, 并在行医实践中取得了丰富的中医护理技术经验。随着中医学的发展, 中医护理技术操作更加科学化、规范化、标准化。本文按照中医发展脉络和线索, 对中医护理技术的发展史进行概括论述, 为实现中医护理技术的传承与创新研究提供思路。

Acupoint application of Xiefu prescription in the prevention of functional constipation in long-term bedridden patients with pelvic fracture (泻腑贴方穴位贴敷预防长期卧床骨盆骨折患者功能性便秘的临床研究)

Objective To explore the effect of acupoint application of Xiefu prescription on prevention of functional constipation in long-term bedridden patients with pelvic fracture. Methods A total of 60 patients with pelvic fracture without abnormal defecation function and constipation main symptom score ≤3 were selected and randomly divided into two groups: 30 patients in the control group received routine prevention and nursing measures, and 30 patients in the treatment group received acupoint application of Xiefu prescription based on the routine nursing interventions. The main symptoms of constipation were scored on the day of admission, the 7th and 14th day of bed rest, and the intervention of various assisted defecation measures within 14 days of bed rest was recorded. Results The total score of Main Constipation Symptoms Scale in the treatment group was lower than that in the control group on the 7th and 14th day of bed rest, respectively(P＜0. 01); On the 14th day of bed rest, the scores of stool, difficulty in defecation, defecation duration, defecation frequency and abdominal distension in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group(P＜0. 01). During the 14 days of bed rest, the number of assisted defecation interventions in the treatment group was less than that of the control group (P＜0. 01) . Conclusion Acupoint application of Xiefu prescription and sticking therapy has a good preventive effect on functional constipation in long-term bedridden patients with pelvic fracture. It is an effective traditional Chinese medicine treatment technology, which is worthy of popularization and application. (目的 探讨泻腑贴方穴位贴敷对长期卧床单纯骨盆骨折患者功能性便秘的预防效果。方法 选取既往排便功能无异常且便秘主要症状评分≤3分的单纯骨盆骨折患者60例, 随机分为两组: 对照组(n=30)接受便秘常规预防护理, 治疗组(n=30)在对照组基础上增加泻腑贴方穴位贴敷。于入院当天、卧床第7、14天, 记录便秘主要症状评分, 并记录卧床14d内辅助排便措施介入情况。结果 卧床第7、14天治疗组便秘主要症状总分低于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01); 卧床第14天治疗组粪便性状、排便费力、排便时间、下坠/不尽/胀感、排便频率、腹胀条目得分低于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P<0. 01)。治疗组辅助排便介入措施少于对照组差异有统计学意义(P< 0. 01)。结论 泻腑贴方对于长期卧床骨盆骨折患者功能性便秘有良好的预防作用, 是一种有效的中医治疗技术。

中科1号羊草在陕西佳县引种试验成功

中科1号羊草(Leymus chinensis "Zhongke No. 1")是由中国科学院植物研究所选育的国审育成品种,该品种市场需求大,种源远远不能满足需求。陕西省佳县是国贫县,根据其土壤气候资源,适合开展羊草种子繁殖,在收获良种的同时,饲草可用于饲喂牲畜,发展草畜加产业链。因此,本文采用三年引种试验数据评价了中科1号羊草品种引种到榆林佳县的适应性。结果表明:该品种田间发芽率56%,保苗率95%以上;第二年越冬率保持在98%以上,完成了从播种到新种子形成的有性生活史。进入生殖期的群体,抽穗率65. 51%,结实率76. 63%,千粒重2. 34g,发芽率76. 29%,种子产量426kg/hm~2;第一茬鲜草和干草产量分别为15 100 kg/hm~2和5 301 kg/hm~2。综上所述,中科1号羊草新品种适宜在佳县及同类地区种植,具有建设我国"黄土高原羊草种子繁殖基地"的巨大潜力,为我国农牧交错带和草原区生态修复提供乡土草种种源