有关失语症康复实践的几点思考

神经康复是康复医学的重要组成部分。它包括一般神经机能康复和脑高级机能康复两个类别,后者是一个有待探索的新领域。本文是就我们在言语康复的神经语言学应用研究实践中所面临的四个问题展开的讨论。(1)失语症康复的有效性。(2)失语症康复的脑机制。(3)失语症等脑心理功能的康复研究是临床脑科学的前沿课题。(4)失语症康复是个系统工程

失语症的CT定位

本文概述了完全失语、Broca失语、Wernicke失语、经皮质失语、传导性失语、皮质下失语的CT表现,以及CT对失语症研究的意义,并概括了CT在判断失语症预后的作用和它的限度

从不确定性的研究看行为金融学的发展

不确定性产生的根源就在于世界的复杂性与人类有限理性与非理性之间的矛盾,是二者交互作用的产物。行为金融的产生是人们对不确定性决策研究深入的结果,因此对不确定性决策的研究将推动行为金融学的发展。将能解释投资者非理性的群体心理学以及将数学领域对模糊集合的研究成果引入金融市场研究,这可能是行为金融学的进一步发展方向

Rapiddetection of taurine by ion chromatography

通过考察实验的稳定性、精确度及回收率等,研究不同氨基酸对牛磺酸检测的干扰,成功建立了离子色谱法分离牛磺酸梯度洗脱程序,探索出一种更高效、更快速、更灵敏的离子色谱检测方法。色谱柱为氨基酸分析柱(AMInO PAC PA-10,2 MMx250 MM)、氨基酸保护柱(AMInO PAC PA-10 2 MMx50 MM);流动相组成为流动相A(纯水)、流动相b(250 MMOl/l nA OH溶液),流动相C(1.0 MMOl/l乙酸钠(nA OAC)),进行梯度洗脱;流速为0.24M l/MIn;柱温为30℃;采用积分脉冲安培检测器检测;进样量为25μl。该法优化了牛磺酸的检测时间,提高了牛磺酸的检测效率,可运用于实验和生产中。A more efficient,more rapid and more sensitive ion chromatography detection program was established to detect taurine in experiment and production.The conditions were as follows: amino acid analysis column( Amino Pac PA-10,2 mm × 250 mm),amino acid protection column( Amino Pac PA-10,2 mm × 50 mm),mobile phase( the mobile phase A was pure water,the mobile phase B was 250 mmol /L Na OH solution,the mobile phase C was 1.0 mmol / L sodium acetate( Na OAc)),gradient elution,flow rate( 0.24 m L / min),column temperature( 30 ℃),integrated pulsed amperometric detection with injection volume of 25 μL.We have successfully established the gradient elution program in ion chromatography to separate taurine.The present ion chromatography method for detection taurine was efficient,rapid,accurate and the detection time was greatly improved.国家自然科学基金(21406185

Forward Osmosis Membrane Principle and Its Application Were Reviewed

正向渗透是一项新型的利用半透膜两侧溶液渗透压差作为驱动力的膜分离技术。文章介绍了正向渗透膜分离技术的原理和影响因素,对其在各个领域(包括海水淡化、废水处理、橙汁浓缩、水袋)的研究进展进行了综述。现有的研究表明,可用于正向渗透工艺的膜不同于常规的反渗透膜,需要从膜结构开发适合的膜组件;采用nH3和CO2制备提取液是目前研究中具有应用前途的方式之一,具有产水率高且易于分离浓缩的优点。Forward osmosis(FO) is a novel membrane separation technique which utilizes osmotic pressure differential as the driving force and themechanism features of forward osmosis process are introduced.The research progress in seawater desalination,orange juice concentrate,wastewater treatment,water bag is also reviewed.The research shows that FO membrane is different from RO membrane.Appropriate FO membrane should be developed by consideration of the membrane structure.The processing ammonia and carbon dioxide to prepare draw solution is one of the most promising processes,because of the high water flux and being easily separated

Seasonal variation and horizontal distribution of zooplankton community in Xinghuawan Bay

兴化湾为福建北部最大的海湾,于2006年对该海湾浮游动物群落进行了四季9个站位的调查。共检出浮游动物及幼虫124种,其中春季42种,夏季89种,秋季71种,冬季20种;分属近岸暖温、近岸暖水和广布外海3个生态类群;优势种15种,春季以水母和桡足类占优势,夏季以水母占优势,秋季以水母、桡足类和箭虫占优势,冬季则以桡足类占优势。不同季节兴化湾浮游动物生物量湿重和丰度水平分布特征变化明显,并与温度和盐度呈显著相关。聚类分析显示兴化湾浮游动物群落夏季类群和秋季类群相似度较高;各季节水平分布基本可分为湾口区和湾内区两大类群。与20世纪80年代相比,尽管本次调查浮游动物群落没有表现出显著差异,但随着电厂等大规模工程的投产,兴化湾海域生态系统健康面临着极大威胁,其环境压力需引起持续关注。Xinghuawan Bay is the biggest bay in northern Fujian Province of China.A comprehensive investigation on the population of zooplankton was conducted at 9 stations seasonally in 2006.Total 124 zooplankton species with 10 larvae were identified during the investigation.Among which 42,89,71,and 20 species occurred in spring,summer,autumn,and winter,respectively.All these zooplankton could be divided into three ecotypes,including offshore warm-water group,offshore warm-temperature group and eurytopic group.There were 15 dominant species during sampling period.Among which jellyfish dominated the community in spring,summer and autumn,copepods dominated in spring,autumn and winter,chaetognatha dominated in autumn.Seasonal variations of horizontal distribution of biomass and abundance of zooplankton were significantly correlated with both water temperature and salinity.Community cluster analysis indicated the similarity of the summer and autumn groups of zooplankton,and mouth area group and inner bay group could be divided in all seasons.Although the zooplankton communities in this study had not represented significant difference compared to the pattern in the 1980s,the health of marine ecosystem of Xinghuawan Bay is threatened by increasing economic activities(e.g.power plants) now and should pay more concern.国家专项资助项目(908-ZC-II-04;908-02-04-02);海洋公益性行业科研专项资助项目(200805069;200705015);国家海洋局第二海洋研究所基本科研业务费专项资助项目(JT0806;JG200817);国家海洋局青年基金资助项目(2008113

A DDA Calculation on the Optical Properties of Silver Nanorods

【中文文摘】利用离散偶极近似 (Discretedipoleapproximation ,简称DDA)的方法 ,从理论上对粒子的形状、尺寸及周围介质等因素对银纳米粒子 ,特别是银纳米棒的光学性质的影响进行了较系统的研究 .计算表明 ,置于空气中的棒状银纳米粒子的光学性质与其形状密切相关 ,纵向表面等离子体共振吸收峰的位置随纳米棒长径比的增加呈现线性红移关系 .给出了空气中银纳米棒纵向表面等离子体共振吸收峰的位置随长径比变化的DDA拟合公式 .如果将金属纳米粒子置于折射率更高的介电环境中 ,其纵向等离子体共振吸收峰的位置进一步呈现线性红移关系 .合成的银纳米粒子的TEM图像及相关的UV VIS消光光谱显示DDA计算结果与实验值相当一致 .DDA算法与Mie′s理论在计算球状银纳米粒子的消光系数时给出很接近的结果 ,这表明用DDA的方法来分析银的光学性质是准确可靠的 ;而DDA算法对银纳米棒消光特性的成功拟合则表明 ,该算法相对Gans′理论而言 ,在研究纳米粒子的光学性质时具有更广的适用性及更高的准确性 . 【英文文摘】The optical properties of metal nanoparticles are quite different from those of the bulk materials mainly due to the collective oscillations of their conduction electrons known as the surface plasmon resonance (SPR), which is strongly dependent on the particle shape and size, and the dielectric properties of the local environment where the nanoparticles are embedded in. Based on the discrete dipole approximation (DDA) method, we studied the optical properties of silver nanorods with different aspect ratios ...Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (2 0 2 2 80 2 0,2 0 0 2 10 0 2

用马赛克形貌装饰法研究碗形分子柱状向列相的向错和分子指向矢分布

选用香兰素为原料, 采用传统的三聚成环法, 合成了两种碗形CTV 系衍生物—— CTV-1 和CTV-2, 前者的外围基团是—OCH3 和—OCH2CH3, 后者的外围基团是—OCH3 和—OCH2COOCH3. 两种碗形CTV 分子均是热致液晶, 呈现向列相典型的粒状织构和单微区的均匀织构, 还观察到规则美观的马赛克形貌, 每块矩形马赛克的尺寸为数十微米数量级, 多次升降温循环能重复出现和消失. 发现马赛克形貌实质上是在冻结的向列相织构上结晶化并收缩龟裂而装饰出来的光学图案. 通过扫描电镜的研究, 观察到马赛克形貌是由片晶组装而成的, 每块马赛克就是一块矩形 的多层片晶, 多层片晶由单层片晶堆积而成. 直接观察到片晶的组成单元是直径约1 微米的微纤, 而微纤应当是束状的碗形分子柱. 马赛克形貌装饰在碗形分子柱状向列相上, 通过这种新方法观察到s = +1(δ = 0 和δ = 90°)和s = ±1/2 多种点向错和Nèel 微区壁等周围的分子指向矢分布情况. 说明碗形分子柱状向列相与一般向列相 有类似的液晶行为, 但取向的基本结构单元是碗形分子柱, 或者由碗形分子柱组成的束(即微纤), 而不是碗形分子本身. 碗形分子柱起了一般向列相中棒状分子的作用, 所以本文以一个新名称“碗形分子柱状向列相”BCN (Bowlic Columnar Nematic)来表示这种不同常规的向列相.国家自然科学基金基金(批准号:20774077); 福建省自然科学基金(E0510003); 厦门市科技计划项目（3502Z20055013)