Sea Ranching Suitability Assessment for Xiangshan Bay

海洋牧场基于生态系统管理的理念，是一种新型渔业生产方式，旨在高效利 用海洋资源、改善生境质量、保护海洋生态系统，是当前世界沿海国家发展海洋 渔业的重点方向。我国大力推进海洋牧场建设，并规划至2015年海洋牧场规模 达500万公顷，象山港海洋牧场作为农业部东海试验区的示范项目，计划建设 860公顷聚鱼增殖型海洋牧场。海洋牧场建设是一项复杂的系统工程，科学合理 的评价海洋牧场建设适宜性，关系到海域的合理利用和海洋牧场建设能否发挥有 效作用，可以避免由于盲目建设导致对生态环境产生的负面影响。为了探索合理 方法以有效评价特定海域是否适宜建设海洋牧场工程，本研究根据社会经济发展 需求，综...Sea Ranching, a new type of fishery production mode based on ecological system management concept, aims to efficiently utilize marine resources and improve habitat quality to protect the marine ecological system, and eventually lead to the development of marine fishery. A series of sea ranching program have been being promoted in China with the scale up to 5 million hectares of sea ranching by 20...学位：理学硕士院系专业：海洋与环境学院_海岸带综合管理学号：2242010115130

Adaptive management of aquatic germplasm reserves

针对我国水产种质资源保护区在现行管理模式下普遍存在的资源难以恢复、保护效果不明显等问题,基于生态系统管理的理念,借鉴国内外有关自然保护区适应性管理研究实践经验,探索水产种质资源保护区的适应性管理。水产种质资源保护区的适应性管理可分为模式建立和反馈两个阶段,包括问题识别、目标制定、方案设计与实施、动态监测、绩效评估、反馈与调整等过程,以全面提升保护区对外界环境变化的不确定性和复杂性的快速反应能力。并以福建长乐西施舌资源增殖保护区为例,分析该保护区的管理现状,探索适应性管理模式的构建与应用。There were some common issues of the current management model in domestic Aquatic Germplasm Reserves( AGRs),such as the difficulty of resources recovery and the insignificant efficiency of protection.An Adaptive Management( AM) framework of AGRs was constructed according to the theoretical researches and practices of Ecosystem-based Management( EBM) and Adaptive Management both in domestic and foreign nature reserves.The AM framework of AGRs could be divided into two stages as model establishment and feedback: the former included problem identification,strategic planning,program design and implementation,while the later comprised of dynamic monitoring,performance evaluation,feedback and adjustment.The practice of AM framework could strongly enhance the rapid response to the uncertainty and complexity of external environment of AGRs.Furthermore,the Changle Xishi Tongue( Coelomactra Antiquata) Resource Enhancement and Protected Area was used as an example to analyse the current situation of management in AGRs and explore the construction and application of adaptive management model.海洋公益性行业科研专项(200905019;201005012

Valuation of ecosystem services in Xiangshan Bay

在以建设海洋牧场为主要策略修复海湾资源与环境的背景下,基于象山港海湾生态系统的基本特征,采用市场价格法、替代成本法、收益转移法等评估方法,构建了海湾生态系统服务价值评估框架,对供给、调节、文化3类服务10项子服务进行货币化评估.结果表明:2010年象山港海湾生态系统服务价值的总量约为27.16x108元/A,单位面积海域生态系统服务的价值约为482.16x104元/(kM2·A);供给服务总体比例较高,占62.83%,体现了维持渔业资源稳定持续供给的重要性;文化服务其次,占25.31%,调节服务比例偏低占11.86%,对控制非点源污染、改善生境条件提出了迫切需求.研究表明评估结果尚属偏低的保守值,有待于进一步完善,并探讨分析建设海洋牧场所起到的积极作用,对持续动态的价值评估与适应性管理提出展望.In the context of adoption of constructing marine ranching as the main strategy to restore marine resources and habitats,while regarding the features of Xiangshan Bay and applying the methods of direct market pricing,replacement cost,benefit transfer etc,a valuation framework of estuarine ecosystem services is presented to monetarily evaluate the provisioning,regulating,and cultural services of 10 sub-categories.The results show that a total value of ecosystem services in Xiangshan Bay amounts to 27.16 × 108$per year,averaging 482.16 × 104$ per km2per year,of which the provisioning,regulating,and cultural services accounts for 62.83%,11.86% and 25.31%,respectively.It shows the importance of maintaining a stable supply of fishery resources with an urgent demand for the control of non-point source pollution and habitat improvement.The service value is analyzed to be a conservative estimation which needs to be further refined.And based on the value distribution of ecosystem services,the active role of marine ranching is analyzed and the continuing dynamic value assessment and adaptive management are prospected.国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费资助项目(201003068

Assessment on the Demands of Seas Use in the Four Coastal Proviences in South China

文章对我国南方沿海四省包括福建、广东、广西和海南四个省份各个区域进行海域使用的社会需求分析,并通过对比各区域海洋经济发展现状与岸线及海域的开发强度,提出可采用岸线产值的经济指标对区域和各种类型用海规模进行控制。The four coastal provinces in south China include Fujian,Guangdong,Guangxi and Hainan.The data were collected from The Chinese offshore Investigation and Assessment,as well as the local economic development status and demands in the four provinces.The regional demands of sea area use were analyzed by comparing the development of marine economy with the intensity of coastline and sea area.Shoreline output was proposed as an index to control the scale of sea area use

Study on the food web structure and their trophic levels of marine ranching area in Xiangshan Harbor

本研究对2011年春季和秋季在象山港海洋牧场采集的生物消费者及其食物源样品的碳、氮稳定同位素组成进行了分析,通过ISOSOurCE模型计算该海域生物的食物网基础并利用氮稳定同位素数据计算消费者的营养级.结果表明:该海域生物消费者食物源的δ13C值范围介于-13.75‰~-24.29‰之间;根据δ13C值可以将其食物源分为4类:浮游植物、大型海藻、悬浮颗粒有机物(POM)、沉积相颗粒有机物(SOM).浮游植物和SOM是该海域生物食物网的基础,对消费者的碳源贡献率(50.27%)比较大,大型海藻也是消费者的重要碳源(贡献率为35.5%),POM对消费者的碳源贡献率为13.7%.消费者的δ15n值则介于5.40‰~11.85‰之间,消费者的营养级介于2.0~3.7级之间,不同食性的鱼类处于食物网中不同的地位,浮游生物食性的鱼类位于食物网的底端,游泳生物食性的鱼类处于食物链的上层.δ13C and δ15N were used as tools to analysis food web dynamic of marine ranching area in Xiangshan Harbor,where samples of the consumers and their food sources were collected in April and November 2011.IsoSource model were used to construct the food web foundation and stable isotopes achieved to calculate the consumer's trophic level.The results showed that δ13C values of primary producers ranged from-13.75‰ of Enteromorpha prolifra to-24.29‰ of the most depleted POM.The food sources can be sorted into 4 categories based on δ13C value as POM,phytoplankton,SOM and macroalgae.The IsoSource mix model result shows that food web in the studied area strongly supported by phytoplankton and SOM(about 50.27%).Macroalgae is also an important food source for consumer(35.5%).POM appear to be of minor importance in this system(13.7%).Meanwhile,δ15N values of consumer species varied from 5.40‰ to 11.85‰,and the trophic level(TL)ranged from 2.0 to 3.7.The planktivore fish species on the bottom of the food chain and the piscivorous fish on the top of food chain depended on the feeding habits of fishes.国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费资助项目(201003068); 浙江省近岸水域生物资源开发与保护重点实验室开放基金资助项目(J2011011