Chinese Translation of Edger Allan Poe's “The Tell-Tale Heart” in the May Fourth Era : A Comparative Study of Translations by ZhouS houjuan and Shen Yanbin

清末から民国初期にかけて、中国では西洋小説の翻訳が活発に行われた。初期の翻訳ブームでは、文言文での翻訳や加筆、翻案が多く見られる。原作を忠実に訳す動きが活発化していくのは、五四運動以降のことである。本稿では、民国初期に翻訳家として活躍した周瘦鵑が、1917年に翻訳した『心声』と、五四運動以降に『小説月報』などを中心に翻訳論を展開した沈雁冰が、1920年に翻訳した『心声』をテキストと使用し、両氏の翻訳を分析することで五四前後の翻訳小説の変化を知る具体的な一例としたい。『心声』は、エドガー・アラン・ポオ(1809-1849) の短篇小説“The Tell-Tale Heart” (1843) を原作とする。前稿「包天笑の翻訳小説『赤死病』について」では、包天笑の訳が邦訳からの重訳であることを明らかにした。当時は日本語からの重訳が多く見られるが、両氏の翻訳は共に英語から直接に訳している。それ故にポオの原作に対する両氏の翻訳姿勢を鮮明にすることができる。周痩鵑沈雁冰心声Ｔｈｅ Ｔｅｌｌ-Ｔａｌｅ Ｈｅａｒｔ五四運

A Study of the Revitalization of Kyoto -Reference to Kyoto in the Future-

Through the past decade, a huge dispute concerning the regeneration of Kyoto has arisen, particularly concerning the problem of the changing townscape. That is to say, the problems abou the restriction against high-rise buildings and about changing views in Kyoto are both due to the background issue of 'revitalizing Kyoto.' We have to overcome these problems now; otherwise, the same kind of problems may occur again in the future. Although the issue of 'revitalizing Kyoto' had been discussed among economic circles, it was during the latter half of the Showa 50s that this issue became a general problem confronting Kyoto. Since then there has been a sense of growing crisis concerning, for example, the decline in the economy and culture and the delay in developing a base for constructing the city. Huge financial deficits occurred in Showa 56 and 57, and the Kyoto revitalization plan became a serious matter reinforcing the financial situation. At that time, the government policies of easing restrictions and keeping interest rates low produced the so called bubble economy. Because of this, Kyoto experienced a boom of modern apartment building construction which destroyd the townscape without the concern for Kyoto history and culture. The city of Kyoto decided to introduce a system of syynthesized plans in Showa 63. However, problems like the reconstruction of the Kyoto Hotel and Kyoto station came up one after another. From these problems, two opinions arose: the first that high-rise buildings would destroy the townscape of Kyoto, was advocated by people who opposed the idea of constructing modern high-rise buildings. The second that building design is more important than height, was advocated by people who supported high-rise building construction. Concerning the regeneration of the city of Kyoto, these two groups insisted on different points; the former insisted that constructing high-rise buildings is not necessarily related to regeneration, while the latter emphasized an easing of height restriction policy and introduction of new measures for developing and revitalization the city. These two opinions are both extremes, and there does not seemt to be room for compromise between them. However, if we define the concept of regeneration as being for the enrichment of people's life mentally as well as materially, so that citizens can have a comfortable and affluent life style, and if we add that to achieve a higher quality of life, it is necessary to regenerate the economic cyctem from a financial basis, then these two opposing groups could come to an agreement. So far, the two opinions have not been adequately examined. Therefore we need to study further whether high-rise buildings will lead to economic regeneration, and what is an effective measure for revitalizing economic growth. In this way, we ought to overcome the futility of discussions of whether to prioritize city development or preservation. The city of Kyoto is determined to focus on preservation, regeneration, and the creation of the city while consulting with the committee for machizukuri (creating community). To deal with this, we should make revitalization, (mainly reinforcement of the economic basis) as a major objective. Once a solution to this problem is found, Kyoto will be able to shift to a period of maturity

フランスホウ ニ オケル シンケン ノ ダイサンシャ ヘ ノ イジョウ 2

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