Design and Realization of Temperature Transmitter Based on Pt100 Platinum Thermal Resistance

针对空压机专用变频器系统中温度检测的要求,设计并实现了一种三线制PT100温度传感器。利用PT100铂热电阻的电阻-温度函数关系,将温度信号转换为电压信号,经过两级放大电路对电压信号进行放大,再将电压信号转换为标准的电流信号输出。在A/d温度采集时,利用精密电流电压转换芯片,将电流信号转换为标准的电压信号。实践证明,该传感器有较高的稳定性和灵活性,性能良好且容易实现,成本低,值得推广应用。A three-wire Pt100 temperature sensor is designed and analysed aiming at temperature measurement of air compressor′s special inverter system.Using resistance and temperature function of Pt100 platinum thermal resistance,converting the temperature signal into a voltage signal,amplifying voltage signal through two-stage amplifier circuit and then converting the voltage signal into standard current signal output.In the A / D acquisition,using precise current and voltage conversion chips,converting current signal into standard voltage signal.The practice proves that the sensor has high stability and flexibility,is easy to achieve and has good performance,low cost

A comparative study of cognitive functions in two different models of chronic stress in rats.

目的本研究旨在比较两种慢性应激诱导的抑郁模型大鼠前额叶介导的认知灵活性损伤特征。方法分别给予应激组大鼠(n=8只/组)两周慢性不可预期性应激(chronic unpredictable stress,CUS)或社会挫败(social defeat,SD)应激。应激结束后采用糖水偏好测试检测快感缺失(一种典型抑郁样行为),采用注意定势转移任务(attentional set-shifting task,AST)检测认知灵活性改变,主要包括逆反学习(reversal learning,REL)和外维度定势转移(extra-dimensional set-shifting,EDS)能力。结果与相应对照组相比,CUS组大鼠的糖水消耗量降低[(7.24&plusmn;1.64)vs(13.83&plusmn;1.50),P&lt;0.05]。SD组大鼠的糖水消耗量和糖水偏好指数较相应对照组降低[(4.28&plusmn;1.96)vs(13.17&plusmn;2.79),P&lt;0.01;(27.96&plusmn;11.64)vs(82.97&plusmn;16.13),P&lt;0.05]。在AST测试中,CUS诱导以EDS损害为特征的认知灵活性缺失,表现在CUS组大鼠在EDS阶段的训练达标次数较相应对照组增加[(15.57&plusmn;1.53)vs(10.50&plusmn;1.41),P&lt;0.05],而社会挫败应激诱导以REL和EDS损害为特征的认知灵活性缺失,表现在SD组大鼠在REL和EDS阶段的训练达标次数均较相应对照组增加[REL:(17.30&plusmn;0.76)vs(14.00&plusmn;0.97),P&lt;0.01);EDS:(15.80&plusmn;1.72)vs(9.33&plusmn;0.80),P&lt;0.01]。结论慢性不可预期性应激和社会挫败应激诱导的抑郁模型大鼠表现出认知灵活性不同成分的损害,为进一步研究抑郁症不同认知表型障碍的神经生物学机理提供了实验基础。</p

基于公共特征空间的自适应情感分类

针对情感分类这一项从文章或句子中得到观点态度的任务,常规情感分类模型大多需要耗费大量人力获取标注数据.为解决某些领域缺乏标注数据,且其他领域分类器无法在目标领域直接使用的现状,设计了一种新颖的基于构建公共特征空间方法,使分类模型可从有标注领域向无标注领域进行迁移适应,减少人工标注的成本开销,实现情感分类的领域自适应.该方法以大规模语料下预训练的词向量信息作为以词为元素的特征,在同种语言中表达情感所采用的句法结构相似这一假设前提下,通过对领域内特有的领域特征词进行替换的方式构建有标注数据集与无标注数据集基本共有的公共特征空间,使有标注数据集与无标注数据集实现信息共享.以此为基础借助深度学习中卷积神经网络采用不同尺寸卷积核对词语不同范围的上下文特征进行抽取学习,进而采用半监督学习与微调学习相结合的方式从有标注数据集向未标注数据集开展领域自适应.在来自京东与携程共5个领域的真实电商数据集上进行实验,分别研究了领域特征词选择方法及其词性约束对领域间适应能力的影响,结果表明:相较于不采用领域适应的模型,可提升平均2.7%的准确率;且在来自亚马逊电商的公开数据集实验中,通过与现有方法进行对比,验证了该方法的有效性.国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFC0830300);;福建省科技计划资助项目(2018H0035);;厦门市科技计划资助项目(3502Z20183011);;掌数金融科技研发基金资助项目~

基于图像测量技术的位移检测系统的设计

介绍一种基于图像测量技术的位移检测系统。系统由AdnS9500芯片上的COMS图像传感器采集被测物体表面图像信息,再经过内置的dSP处理器,对采集的图像进行匹配运算,输出数字位移信息,通过SPI通信传递给AVr单片机,由AVr单片机再处理并实时显示输出。为了提高COMS图像传感器与被测物体表面的距离,设置了外加激光源及光学透镜组件,使COMS图像传感器与被测物体表面的距离达到10~15CM,并且得到较高的精度。系统能够很好的实现非接触测量的目的

Adolescent social isolation and unpredictable stress have different effects on emotional behaviors in adult rats.

目的分别观察青少期社会隔离和不确定性应激对大鼠成年后情绪行为的影响。方法在青少期(出生后28 d~41 d)分别给予研究组大鼠2周社会隔离应激或不确定性复合应激,应激后经3周恢复至所有大鼠进入成年期后检测其情绪行为改变。采用糖水偏好测试和强迫游泳检测大鼠的抑郁样行为,采用旷场试验和高架十字迷宫试验检测焦虑样行为。结果与群养组相比,青少期社会隔离组大鼠成年后的所检测的各项情绪行为均无明显差异(P&gt;0.05)。经历青少期不确定性应激的成年大鼠与其对照组相比糖水偏好指数没有明显改变[(0.86&plusmn;0.19)vs(0.86&plusmn;0.03),P&gt;0.05],但在强迫游泳测试中表现出更多的绝望行为(强迫游泳不动行为增加)[(29.88&plusmn;3.37)vs(19.90&plusmn;3.19),P&lt;0.05]、更少的主动行为(挣扎行为减少)[(24.00&plusmn;1.67)vs(32.90&plusmn;3.09),P&lt;0.05],提示该应激并不影响大鼠成年后偏好糖水的本能行为,但导致其急性应激应对能力受损,对成年应激事件更容易发展出次级的应对无能或绝望的抑郁样行为。不确定性应激研究组的大鼠成年后在高架十字迷宫测试中较其对照组闭合臂停留时间明显增加[(176.90&plusmn;17.01)vs(136.48&plusmn;9.47),P&lt;0.05]以及开放臂进入次数明显减少[(3.00&plusmn;0.93)vs(5.90&plusmn;1.08),P&lt;0.05],提示该应激增加了大鼠成年后的焦虑样行为水平。结论青少期社会隔离应激和不确定性应激对大鼠成年后情绪行为的影响存在差异,青少期不确定性应激能够有效诱导大鼠多项情绪行为显著和持续的改变,提供了一种青少期应激增加成年大鼠应激性抑郁易感性的动物模型。</p

基于立即早期蛋白IE62建立水痘-带状疱疹病毒感染性滴度检测方法

目的:基于水痘-带状疱疹病毒(VZV)立即早期蛋白IE62与酶联免疫斑点检测技术(ELISpot)建立一种新型的VZV感染性滴度的快速检测方法。方法:应用生物信息学方法设计并合成VZV-IE62蛋白的多肽抗原,牛血清白蛋白偶联后免疫BALB/c小鼠,筛选和制备抗VZV-IE62单克隆抗体,应用Western blot和免疫荧光法等开展抗体性能评价,继而应用酶联免疫斑点技术(ELISpot)结合生物素-亲和素放大法建立新型的VZV感染性滴度检测方法,并与经典空斑计数法进行比较。结果:获得抗VZV-IE62的单克隆抗体1B7,应用于ELISpot方法可特异识别VZV感染后的细胞,以之为基础建立了新型的VZV感染性滴度检测方法。相比经典空斑计数法,该方法可显著缩短检测时间(从5至7 d缩短至32 h)检测结果具有较好的一致性。结论:本研究建立了一种新型的基于VZV立即早期蛋白IE62与酶联免疫斑点技术的VZV感染性滴度检测方法(VZV-IE62 ELISpot),具有潜在的转化应用前景,可为VZV的防治研究提供支持。国家自然科学基金项目(81601762)资

Island instantaneous coastline extraction based on the characteristics of regional statistics of multispectral remote sensing image

本研究采用IkOnOS遥感图像,选取波谱特征区,通过区域像元统计并计算各波段权重系数,将影像进行波谱归一化处理,使归一化的影像岛陆与海水特征更明显。在此基础上,采用最大类间方差法确定最佳分割阈值,对归一化的影像进行二值化,从而提取海岛岸线。该方法采用特征曲线法进行水陆分离,得到的二值图像保持了原图的有效边缘,采用二值形态学提取的海岸线连续可靠、信噪比高。结果表明,该方法简单、快速,能有效提取海岸线,具有实用价值。This study adopted IKONOS remote sensing images and selected spectral characteristic areas, through regional pixel statistics and calculating weight coefficients of each band, processed the images with the spectral normalized method, which made the features of islands, land and water features more obviously in the images.On this basis, the OTUS was used to determine the optimal segmentation threshold, and the normalization image binarization was made, thus the island coastline was extracted.This method used the characteristic curve method to separate the land and water, obtained the binarization images and maintained the original edge effectively.The coastline that was extracted by Binary Morphology was continuous, reliable and high signal-to-noise ratio.The results showed that this method could extract the coastline fast, simply and effectively, which had the practical value

Electrochemical Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopic Studies on Nickel Ultramicroelectrode

镍（Ni）电极在电化学中应用广泛。原位表征Ni电极表面的吸附物种有益于帮助理解电极反应历程、指导发展高效电催化剂。应用超微电极作为工作电极的电化学表面增强拉曼光谱技术结合了超微电极表面的传质特性和分子水平的高灵敏度表征,是研究Ni电化学的有力手段。本文所述的研究工作通过在金（Au）超微电极表面电吸附具有SERS活性的Au纳米粒子并恒电流沉积金属Ni薄层,制备并表征了具有SERS活性的Ni超微电极。在氢氧化钠溶液中的循环伏安实验和以4-甲基苯硫酚分子作为探针分子的SERS实验结果表明,沉积速率和沉积电量是影响超微电极表面Ni的覆盖度和SERS活性的关键因素。在吸附了直径为55 nm Au纳米粒子的、直径为10 μm Au的超微电极表面,以100 μA·cm-2电流密度电沉积厚度约为5个原子层Ni的条件下,可获得Ni覆盖完好的、具有最强SERS活性的Ni超微电极。Nickel (Ni) electrodes are widely used in electrochemical researches. Understanding electrochemical processes on Ni electrodes through in-situ characterization of adsorbed species on their surfaces is helpful for rational optimization and application of Ni electrochemistry. Microelectrochemical surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (μEC-SERS) combines the mass transfer feature of ultramicroelectrode with high-sensitivity characterizations of molecular structures, which is a powerful method for studying Ni electrochemistry on polarization and non-equilibrium conditions. The key point of performing μEC-SERS is to make a SERS-active Ni ultramicroelectrode. Here, we demonstrate a method of preparing a SERS-active Ni ultramicroelectrode through electrochemical deposition of several atomic layers of metallic Ni onto a SERS-active gold (Au) ultramicroelectrode. Firstly, a SERS-active Au ultramicroelectrode was made through electrochemical adsorption of Au nanoparticles. A smooth polycrystalline Au ultramicroelectrode with a diameter of 10 μm was made by sealing a Au wire into a glassy tube. The Au nanoparticles of 55 nm in diameter were adsorbed from Au sol onto the Au ultramicroelectrode under an electrochemical polarization at 1.8 V. The scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images showed that Au nanoparticles aggregated on surface. On the prepared Au ultramicroelectrode adsorbed by Au nanoparticles, a thin and compact Ni layer was deposited by using galvanostatic method in 5 mmol·L-1 Ni(NO3)2 electrolyte. The thickness of Ni layer was controlled via the charge. The voltammograms of the prepared SERS-active Ni ultramicroelectrode in 0.1 mol·L-1 NaOH showed the characters of polycrystalline Ni electrode. Since the SERS activity decreased as a result of the increase in the thickness of Ni layer, the SERS measurements of 4-methylthiophenol in air were carried out for evaluating SERS activity. The comparisons in the intensity of the band at 1077 cm-1 from the 4-methylthiophenol adsorbed on the ultramicroelectrode made by using 10 μA·cm-2, 50 μA·cm-2, 100 μA·cm-2, 500 μA·cm-2 and 1000 μA·cm-2 indicated that the rate and charge of deposition are key in determining the coverage status of Ni layer and the SERS activity. An optimized SERS activity on a compact Ni was obtained by electrodepositing 5 atomic layers of Ni at a current density of 100 μA·cm-2. To demonstrate the application of Ni ultramicroelectrode in the in-situ μEC-SERS measurement, the molecule of 4-methylthiophenol, employed as a probe, was adsorbed onto the prepared Ni ultramicroelectrode through spontaneous adsorption in the methanol solution of 4-methylthiophenol. The obtained SERS spectra showed characteristic bands of 4-methylthiophenol. In addition, stark effect of the bands was observed, indicating the successful application of Ni ultramicroelectrode in the in-situ μEC-SERS measurement.The preparation methodology of SERS-active ultramicroelectrode enables the in-situ μEC-SERS measurement on Ni under electrochemical polarization or non-equilibrium reaction conditions, which exhibits a good potential application in studying Ni electrochemistry.国家自然科学基金项目(21872094);国家自然科学基金项目(21991152);国家自然科学基金项目(21802057)通讯作者:黄逸凡E-mail:[email protected]:Yi-FanHuangE-mail:[email protected].上海科技大学物质科学与技术学院,上海 2012102.井冈山大学化学化工学院,江西 吉安 3430091. School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China2. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jinggangshan University, Ji’an 343009, Jiangxi, Chin

Analysis on the land use and cover change in Tianjin Binhai New Area based on the remote sensing

采用全国土地分类系统,基于lAndSAT卫星TM遥感影像与天津滨海新区1:50,000地形图,进行相应数据处理,编制出2000年、2005年、2010年三期滨海新区土地利用/覆盖分类图,并运用土地利用转移矩阵对近10年来天津滨海新区土地利用/覆盖变化进行定量分析。在此基础上,进一步分析了经济、人口等驱动因子对土地利用/土地覆盖的影响。结果表明:十年间,滨海新区的建筑用地面积增加显著,而绿地、湿地、滩涂等高生态价值的土地向建筑用地、未利用地等开发建设用地大幅度转化,后五年变化尤为显著。This paper carries out quantitative analysis on the land use/cover(LU/C) change of Tianjin Binhai New Area in recent 10 years through using land use transition matrix from the three-stage LU/C classification maps of 2000, 2005 and 2010 drafted by means of the National Land Classification System of China based on Landsat TM satellite remote sensing image and the Tianjin Binhai New Area 1:50 000 relief maps.On this basis, the impact of such driving factors as the economy and population on LU/C is further analyzed.The results show that the area of the building land in Binhai New Area has increased significantly over the ten years, and the greenland, wetland, and shoals of high ecological value have been dramatically transformed into the building land and unused land for the development and construction, and the change is more significant in the later five years