Physiological responses and the regulating mechanism of Japanese eel, Auguilla japonica to starvation and refeeding

采用饲养实验，以体质量(92.07±13.29)g，体长(40.22±2.20)cm规格的日 本鳗鲡为实验对象，分别饥饿处理0d(S0组，即对照组)、14d(S14组)、28d(S28 组)、42d(S42组)、56d(S56组)，然后恢复投喂70d、56d、42d、28d、14d，每组30尾，每组3平行，实验为期70d，饥饿组在饥饿结束取样，恢复投喂后每2w取样，对照组连续取样，以探讨饥饿和恢复投喂对日本鳗鲡生长、生化成分、消化酶活性、免疫以及肠道与肝脏组织学的影响，以期探明日本鳗鲡在饥饿胁迫下的适应性对策及补偿生长机制，为鳗鲡健康养殖投喂体系建立提供理论依据。本实验的主要结果和结论如下...A feeding experiment was to determine the physiological effects of starvation and refeeding on the growth, biochemical composition, digestive enzymes and non-specific immune-response parameters and the histological structure of the intestines and liver in the Japanese eel, Auguilla japonica and the adaptation strategies to starvation and compensatory growth mechanisms. Japanese eel with average ...学位：理学硕士院系专业：海洋与环境学院海洋学系_海洋生物学学号：2242007115085

A Business Plan for WT Cosmetic Ltd.

摘要 作为全球第八，亚洲排名第二的化妆品王国，我国化妆品行业目前以15%的年增长率成为日用消费品重要的增长点，其中彩妆市场不断升温，但是在目前国内化妆品市场上，琳琅满目的化妆品市场常常导致客户面临无从选择的尴尬和困境，因为很多消费者缺乏对化妆品的认识和鉴别。基于以上现象和一定程度的市场调查研究，论文作者结合自身和团队优势成立了WT化妆品有限公司为目标客户群来提供解决方案并实现盈利。WT公司主要是通过与国外某彩妆知名品牌D合作，通过引进设备和拟定个人定制方案，结合专业的彩妆培训师来打造彩妆护肤新型美容概念，通过线上和线下互动的模式来开发并拓展公司的业务。论文研究发现，该创业项目的盈利初期、中期...Abstract As the eighth largest cosmetic country, the secondary rank in the Asia, China cosmetic business has become the most important increasing point of economy with 15% annual increasing rate. Meanwhile color cosmetic market has been expecting among the commodity industry. Due to lacking of experiences and knowledge, customers are normally facing the difficult situation to make the choice on...学位：工商管理硕士院系专业：管理学院_工商管理硕士(MBA)学号：1792011115091

Advances in the Study of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in High Altitude and Cold Habitats on Tibetan Plateau

极端生境往往蕴藏着具有特殊生理生态功能的生物类群.海拔高、温度低、生长季节短的青藏高原高寒草原生态系统是典型的极端生境之一,目前有关该生境中分布的丛枝菌根真菌（Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF）研究已引起广泛关注.本文从青藏高原高寒生境中AM真菌的研究概况入手,论述青藏高原高寒生境中AM真菌的群落组成、物种多样性与分布特征、菌根侵染发育状况及高寒生境对AM真菌的影响.指出高寒生境中AM真菌群落结构研究方面存在的问题,探讨解决这些问题的可能途径及其研究发展前景,以期为青藏高原高寒草原生态系统稳定性的维持与受损生态系统的恢复提供理论依据.There are many special organisms in extreme habitats. Tibetan Plateau alpine meadow e- cosystem is one of the most important extreme habitats in terrestrial ecosystem, it has the character- istics with high altitude, low temperature, and short growing season. Nowadays, the studies of ar- buscular mycorrhizal （AM） on Tibetan Plateau has been widely concerned. This review mainly dis- cussed on AM fungi communities composition, AM fungi diversity and their distribution character- istics, AM colonization feature, and abiotic factors on the effect of AM fungi. At the same time, the shortcomings about the heterogeneity of adverse habitats on AM fungi communities were pointed out for further study. Based on this, these research achievements were summarized in order to pro- vide a theoretical basis for the maintenance of the stability in Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe ecosys- tem.国家自然科学基金项目（31270558）,上海科技馆引进高层次人才科研启动经费（2015）

Managing Medical Insurance——Medical behavior under the multiple information dissymmetry

医疗保险涉及投保人、保险机构和医疗机构三方利益,且三者之间存在多重信息不对称。在传统的医疗保险模式中,控制医疗成本的主导权掌握在医生手中,存在着促使医疗费用上涨的驱动因素。这不仅造成了医疗资源的极大浪费,而且成为促使医疗保险费用急剧上涨的主因。管理式医疗保险模式通过保险机构与医院或医生签订的契约,整合了保险机构与医疗机构之间的利益,从而达到了降低医疗费用的目的。本文通过模型的建立,分别描述了在两种医疗保险模式下医生的行为方式,并通过模型求解,分析了管理式医疗保险模式的利弊之处。Medical insurance refers to the common interest of policy-holder,insurance institution and medical institution,and there is the multiple information dissymmetry between the three of them.However,in traditional mode of medical insurance,physicians take a leading role in medical cost,which can lead medical cost to rise.It not only wastes medical resources,but also the main factor of forcing the medical insurance cost to increase rapidly.Medical insurance through insurance institution signing a contract with hospital or physicians integrates the interest between insurance institution and medical institution,and obtains the purpose of reducing medical cost.This article uses the principal-agent theory to analyze the physician behavior under the two different modes of medical insurance,and analyzes the advantages and drawbacks of managing medical insurance

Limited Rationality and the Dynamic Model of Altruistic Behavior——On the Assumption of Homo Economicus

自亚当·斯密以来,主流经济学家都把经济人假设作为经济学研究的基础。这种过于简化的假设在解释人类的利他行为方面遇到了很大的困难。西蒙的有限理性模型提出,人们并不是总在追求自身利益的最大化,而是常常通过模仿别人的行为来改进自己的处境。在西蒙的有限理性模型的基础上,通过对"囚徒困境"博弈的分析,建立了利他行为的动态模型。当下,发扬利他主义精神对于我国社会健康发展的重要意义。Since Adam Smith, the mainstream economists have regarded homo economicus as the basis of economic research. This simplistic assumption has encountered great difficulties in the interpretation of altruistic behavior of humans. Herbert Simon's model of limited rationality argues that people is not always in pursuit of the maximization of their own interests, but often improve their situation by copying other people's behavior. Based on Simon's model, a dynamic model of altruistic behavior is built, and the conclusion of the model analyzed. At last, the importance of altruistic behavior to the development of our society is emphasized

鳗鲡的营养需求研究与配合饲料质量评价

鳗鲡(AnguIllASP)是鳗鲡属鱼类的统称,在分类学上隶属于硬骨鱼纲(OSTEICHTHyES)、鳗鲡目(AnguIllI-fOrMES)、鳗鲡科(AnguIllIdAE)、鳗鲡属(AnguIllA),为肉食性鱼类,广泛分布于全球热带、亚热带和温带地区,其公益性行业(农业)科研专项(nyhyzx07-043)部分资

确保馆藏信息交流与转换的一致性—— 美国馆藏说明标准述评

美国馆藏说明标准历经近40年的发展，发展较为成熟且修订经验丰富，但其发展过程并非一帆风顺，历经新旧标准的更迭、 两个标准的统一、标准的多次修订及再确认这样一个复杂漫长的过程。拟以美国馆藏说明标准原始文本为基础，结合翻译过程中的扩展研究与思考，从美国馆藏说明标准的发展历史、主要内容和特点、与其他标准之间的关系及数据项和数据元四个方面进行系统的梳理与分析，以期为我国馆藏说明标准的完善提供有益参考。国家社科基金项目“中美电子资源国家标准比较研究”(项目编号:16BTQ027)研究成果之

Effects of Heavy Metal and Pollutants on the Non-special Immunity of the Shrimp and Crab

综述了近10a国内外有关重金属、氨态氮、亚硝酸盐、有机污染物等几种环境因子对虾蟹类非特异性免疫影响的研究成果,以期为通过改善养殖环境条件提高虾蟹类自身免疫抗病力提供理论依据。同时,为进一步深入开展该领域的研究工作积累资料。This paper attempted to review and evaluate existing information about the effects of heavy metal,ammonia-N,nitrite and the organic pollutants on the non-special immune response of the shrimp and crab,which providing theory for improving the self-immunity of shrimp and crab by meliorating cultural environment. In addition,it could provide information for further study on this field

养殖常用消毒药物对凡纳滨对虾NAGase活力的影响

研究几种消毒药物对来源于凡纳滨对虾壳膜与内脏的N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAGase,EC3.2.1.52)活力的影响。结果表明,次氯酸钠和三氯异氰尿酸对2种来源的NAGase活性均有较强的不可逆抑制作用;双链季铵盐对壳膜NAGase活性起强的激活作用,而对内脏NAGase有轻微的抑制作用;戊二醛对壳膜NAGase没有明显作用,对内脏NAGase具有轻微的激活作用

Preliminary Study on Regulation of XIOsPR10 Gene Expression in Rice

为探索水稻Pr10蛋白在水稻抗细菌性条斑病中的作用,构建了XIOSPr10基因的植物过量表达载体P1301-XIOSPr10及rnAI表达载体PdS1301-XIOSPr10,通过农杆菌介导分别转化水稻愈伤组织,获得了相应的再生植株。经guS检测和PCr分析,证实XIOSPr10基因以及rnAI片段分别整合到水稻再生植株基因组中;半定量rT-PCr分析显示,过量表达植株中XIOSPr10基因的表达量高于对照,而rnAI转基因植株中XIO-SPr10基因的表达被抑制。In order to study the function of rice XIOsPR10 gene which is related to the plant disease resistant reaction,we constructed plant over expression and RNAi expression vector and integrated into the genome of rice via Agrobacterium tumefaciens EHA105,respectively.The transgenic cultivars were identified by PCR and GUS gene expression detection.The analysis result showed that the transcription level of XIOsPR10 of over-expression transgenic rice was higher than that of control.In construct,XIOsPR10 gene expression was blocked in RNAi transgenic rice.科技部863专题(2007AA10Z132);国家重大科技专项(2008ZX08001-001;2009ZX08009-045B);教育部重点项目(01102