尼罗罗非鱼TCP-1-beta和TCP-1-eta的分子特征及其低温诱导表达

为了研究尼罗罗非鱼耐寒性状的分子基础并为耐寒品种选育提供参考,研究从尼罗罗非鱼中克隆了HSP60家族TCP-1-beta和TCP-1-eta基因并对其在低温诱导下的表达特征进行了分析。尼罗罗非鱼TCP-1-beta cDNA长度为1755 bp,包括1605 bp的完整开放阅读框,编码534个氨基酸;尼罗罗非鱼TCP-1-eta cDNA长度1651 bp,包括1638 bp的完整开放阅读框,编码545个氨基酸。与其他物种同源基因的蛋白序列比对结果显示,TCP-1-beta和TCP-1-eta蛋白在物种间同源性很高,且都具有保守的ATP结合结构域等,预示其在物种间功能的保守性。实时荧光定量PCR结果表明:TCP-1-beta和TCP-1-eta在各组织中呈遍在表达,但在肌肉中表达量最高;诱导温度从22℃降至12℃,不同低温诱导48h后TCP-1-beta和TCP-1-eta均呈上调表达,在18℃时表达开始上调,随着低温胁迫程度加强,表达上调幅度增大,至12℃时表达量达到最高,TCP-1-beta和TCP-1-eta上调幅度分别达到常温的12.2倍和10.7倍。这些结果预示在尼罗罗非鱼中,TCP-1-beta和TCP-1-eta是潜在的耐寒相关基因

Study on spermatophore storage and dehiscence in crab

【中文摘要】 甲壳动物在海洋中分布广泛,有多种精子传输方式,大部分产生精荚,粘于雌体腹部或通过交接器输送到纳精囊中[1]。研究表明,在蟹类交配、精子转移、贮存和受精等过程中,存在如精子竞争和亲体保护,多次受精等众多复杂事件[2-4]。这些过程主要是以蟹类纳精囊为核心展开,为此本文综述了纳精囊的结构和功能,精子活力的维持、精荚形态、精子竞争和转移等近年研究进展,旨为相关研究提供参考。1精荚的接受和贮存1.1纳精囊的一般结构短尾类精子贮存结构比较多样。通常蟹类在交配时获得雄蟹排出的精液,在雌蟹受精囊(sem inal receptacyles)即纳精囊(spermatheca)中贮存很长时间。蟹类的纳精囊结构都很相似,一般可分为4个区,分别为输卵管、纳精囊囊部、阴道及阴户(图1[5],图2[6])。许多蟹类的纳精囊已有过研究[7-24]。纳精囊是输卵管和卵巢相联部位前段的膨大,阴道开在纳精囊基部,开口在卵孔处。纳精囊由前端腺质层和后端几丁质区组成,其后端与具几丁质内膜的阴道相联。未交配时,纳精囊很薄、呈现白色、经度方向为透明的扁平囊[10]。前端腺体层由两层组成,最外层为很薄的上皮,呈现膜状,由有核的上皮细胞组成,内上皮很厚,... 【英文摘要】 In general,crab receives copious quantities of seminal fluid during mating,and stores them in special seminal receptacles,viz.spermatheca,for a prolonged period.The spermatheca of the advanced brachyuran crabs has been described for many species.The spermatheca is a dilation of the proximal region of the oviduct connecting it to the ovary.The vagina leads from the base of the spermatheca and opens outside the ovipore.Some crabs have the special structure,such as valve-like tissue,bursa,intermediate chamber....国家“八六三”资助项目(2002AA603013

十足目甲壳动物精子冷冻保存

【摘要】 杂交育种、种质优选、雌核发育及物种保护等研究都要涉及到精液冷冻保存。精液的长期保存 ,可以保证基因长时间的稳定性 ,能以较少的时间和空间保证精子的供应 ,没有季节限制 ,也不需较高的饲养亲本的花费 ,大大提高了选择育种的可行性。和其他水生生物大量精子冷冻研究相比 (Ｍｉｓｔｕｔｏｓｈｉ,2 0 0 0 ) ,甲壳动物精子冷冻保存研究很少 ,主要集中在十足目甲壳动物。虽然十足目甲壳动物最近在养殖上越来越重要 ,但其精子冷冻保存技术依然很少(Ｃｈｏｗ ,1985 ;Ａｎｃｈｏｒｄｏｇｙ等 ,1988;Ｊｅｙａｌｅｃｔｕｍｉｅ和Ｓｕｂ ｒａｍｏｎｉａｍ ,1989;Ｄｕｍｏｎｔ等 ,1992 ;Ｓｕｂｒａｍｏｎｉａｍ ,1994 ;柯亚夫等 ,1996 ;Ｂｈａｖａｎｉｓｈａｎｋａｒ和Ｓｕｂｒａｍｏｎｉａｍ ,1997)。要保存精子 ,必须有相应的评价冷冻复苏精子活力的方法 ,当前还没有一个简单、准确的评价冷冻复苏精子活力和受精能力的方法 ,观察精子运动性仍然是实验室评价无脊椎动物精子活力的可行方法。精子活力评价的困难 ,是十足目甲壳动物精子冷冻保存研究成功缺乏的主要原因 (Ａｎｃｈｏｒｄｏｇｕｙ等 ,1988;Ｓ...福建省自然科学基金资助项目 (C9810006) ;福建省“海洋生物优良种质和生物活性物质的应用基础研究”项目资

十足目甲壳动物精子冷冻保存

福建省自然科学基金资助项目 (C9810 0 0 6) ;; 福建省“海洋生物优良种质和生物活性物质的应用基础研究”

The structure and function of male gonopod of Scylla serrata

【中文摘要】 于2000年6月至2002年10月,采用扫描电镜方法对锯缘青蟹(Scylla serrata)雄性附肢结构进行观察。结果表明,青蟹雄体输精管在第八胸节通向一个短的肌肉质的阴茎开口。第一腹肢由一个基部原肢和一个延长的内肢组成,表皮环包,形成一个交接管。第二腹肢吻合这个表皮管,而阴茎则放在内肢的基部侧面。交配时,阴茎在肌肉作用下,精液射到第一腹肢的射精管中,射出物在第二腹肢的活塞样的泵作用下,沿着管腔向里推进。第一腹肢顶端侧扁状、具侧缝,前部表面具棘突状和腺体孔,弯曲部棘较大。侧缝处具细长的棘和羽状刚毛,刚毛基部为杯状凹陷。 【英文摘要】 Structure and function of the gonopod in mud crab,Scylla serrata,were studied with electron microscope techniques from June 2000 to December 2002.The ejaculatory duct of Scylla serrata opens on the coxae or sternum of eighth segment by short muscular penis.The first gonopod consists of a basal protopodite and an elongated endopodite,in which the cuticle folded the entire length of a tube which functions as an ejaculatory canal.The second pleopod fits into this cuticular fold,while the penis fits into a slit...国家“八六三”重大专项基金(2002AA603013);国家自然科学基金(39870563

Preliminary studies on the rule of copepod diapause

首次提出用滞育指数对桡足类滞育能力进行相对量化处理 ,并对 10 2种桡足类的滞育能力同迁移能力、体长、栖息地之间的关系进行了数学分析 ,初步得出了滞育在桡足类中的分布规律 :在桡足类中滞育与迁移呈负相关 ,两者之间存在一定程度的置换 ;个体较小的桡足类一般具有较强的滞育能力和较弱的迁移能力 ,个体较大的桡足类一般具有较弱的滞育能力和较强的迁移能力 ;淡水桡足类一般比海洋桡足类具有较强的滞育能力。最后探讨了这种分布模式的成因 【英文摘要】 Many copepods have integrated a state of diapause in their life history to avoid the critical conditions. It has been showed that the diapause trait is by no means evenly distributed within copepods, such as different diapausing forms (Diapause occurs in eggs, copepidites or adults.) and different diapausing locations (in water column or in sediment). In this paper we attempt to investigate the distribution of diapause among copepods based on the published data of 102 species from 3 orders of pelagic copepo...国家自然科学基金资助项目 ( 40 0 76 0 34 )~

A modified ecological footprint analysis to a sub-national area:the case study of Zhejiang Province

在全球公顷和国家公顷的模型基础上,建立了省公顷生态足迹模型。采用2005年浙江省平均土地单位产量核算了浙江省各地的生态足迹,并与全球公顷和国家公顷法的结果进行了比较分析。从省公顷模型的结果可以看出,浙江省生态足迹达1.18 S-nHM2/人(省公顷,记为:S-nHM2),而生物承载力只有0.24 S-nHM2/人,生态赤字达0.94 S-nHM2/人,生态压力指数达4.91,是典型的生态赤字地区。另外,浙江省各地生态足迹空间差异较大,与全省平均水平相比,舟山和温州处于高强度生态压力,宁波、杭州、台州、金华和绍兴处于中强度生态压力,而丽水、衢州、湖州和嘉兴处于低强度生态压力。最后借助IPAT的分析,发现杭州、金华、嘉兴、湖州和衢州等地的万元gdP占用足迹不同程度地高于全省平均水平,并指出在一定条件下,应结合当地的经济发展程度合理提升资源利用效率的技术水平。The ecological footprint model on the basis of sub-national hectare was presented in this paper according to the ecological footprint concept and model on the basis of global hectare or national hectare.The ecological footprint and its composition of each city in Zhejiang Province were evaluated and analyzed by using the modified model and the actual yield per unit area of Zhejiang in 2005.The results were compared with those which were evaluated in global hectare or national hectare method,and the differences were analyzed among them.When using sub-national hectare as the evaluation criterion,the ecological footprint,the ecological capacity and the ecological deficit of Zhejiang Province in 2005 would be 1.18s-nhm2/cap,0.24s-nhm2/cap and 0.94s-nhm2/cap respectively,and the ecological pressure index was 4.91.The results suggest that Zhejiang Province is a representative area that has a large ecological deficit and high ecological pressure.They also suggested that there was a significant spatial difference according to the ecological footprint and its composition among the cities of Zhejiang.Compared with the average level of city ecological footprint in Zhejiang Province,Lishui,Quzhou,Huzhou and Jiaxing were in low ecological pressure states,and Ningbo,Hangzhou,Taizhou,Jinhua and Shaoxing were in middle ecological pressure states,while Zhoushan and Wenzhou were in high ecological pressure states.In the end,by applying IPAT,more eco-footprint demand of 104yuan GDP was found in Hangzhou,Jinhua,Jiaxing,Huzhou and Quzhou,which have a higher level than the average of Zhejiang,and suggestions were proposed that the level of local economic development must be considered to promote resource use efficiency.国家自然科学基金资助项目(40471055

锯缘青蟹生殖肢腺体的结构与功能

青蟹雄性腹肢具有生殖肢腺体(GTG).雄性第一腹肢向末端逐渐变成一细薄的弯曲突起.腺体主要集中于腹肢距基部长度的2/5处,即第二腹肢入口处的附近,末端也有少量分布.腺体在组织学上和玫瑰状的皮腺相似,群绕着射精管腔.经染色表明腺体含有中性粘多糖(NMPS)和酸性粘多糖(AMPS),同一批腺体,甚至同一个腺体两种类型糖类的染色状况有异.腺体由分泌细胞和管细胞组成,管细胞含有一导管,多个导管形成网络.导管末端通向交接器内壁表皮开孔处,孔径约为2.5~3.5μm,这些孔通向交接器管腔,孔中及开口处分泌物的染色性质和腺体中相似.第二腹肢也具有腺体,但分布较少,且不太集中.GTG分泌物可能具有几个复杂的功能,其中低粘度的NMPS可能有助于加速强粘性精液通过狭窄的交接器管腔作用,而高粘度的AMPS功能则更为复杂. 【英文摘要】 The gonopod tegumental glands(GTG) of Scylla serrata grouped about the ejaculatory canal.The first gonopod tapered quickly to a thin,curved process terminating in a point.Tegumental glands were located at approximately 2/5 of the gonopod length,also some situated much further between approximately 3/5 or 4/5 of the gonopod length.GTG resembling the PTG(pleopod tegumental glands).The same group glands or a single gland show different intensely staining neutral mucopolysaccharide(NMPS) and an intensely staini...国家863项目(2002AA603013)资

高粱子粒淀粉表面色素的树脂分离研究

对纯化高粱淀粉过程中所得到的淀粉共生天然色素进行了树脂分离纯化研究。得到了树脂分离高粱淀粉共生色素的吸附动力学结果,3 种大孔吸附树脂 HPD-600、AB-8、H103 对高粱红的吸附为慢速平衡型。通过对树脂分离所得色素成份的红外光谱、紫外光谱、质谱分析得出,高粱籽粒淀粉共生色素与高粱壳中的高粱红主要成份是同样的物质,鉴定出所分离的主要成份之一为 5,7,4′-三羟基黄酮