“省直管县”改革能否提升县级财力水平?

将\"省直管县\"财政体制改革作为拟自然实验,基于全国县级面板数据,利用可有效校正选择偏差问题的PSM-DID方法构造\"反事实\"状态,估计改革对县级财力水平的平均处理效应.结果显示:改革增加了人均本级财政收入,却减少了人均转移支付水平,且下降幅度较大,致使人均财政总收入减少,表明\"省直管县\"改革不但无法提升,甚至会在一定程度上恶化县级财政状况.东、中部地区的平均处理效应与全国类似,上述结论具有比较好的稳健性.此外,还进行了影响机制检验,地级市与县、县与县之间的财政竞争以及省对各市、县的协调机制会在一定程度上影响财政体制改革的效果.国家自然科学基金资助项目(71373217);;国家社会科学基金重点资助项目(14AZD018);;中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(2013221010

普通高校高水平运动员退出训练的原因及对策

文章首先分析了普通高校高水平运动员退出训练的原因,然后提出了普通高校高水平运动员退出训练的对策,包括提升高水平运动员的内部动机、建立完善的高水平运动员奖励机制、建立完备的高水平运动员保障机制、打造高素质的教练员队伍。中国大学生体育协会“十三五”规划2018年度课题“普通高校高水平运动员职业地位获得的社会资本研究”（编号：201813524

独脚金内酯的多重生物学功能

独脚金内酯是独脚金醇类化合物的总称,是一种倍半萜内酯,来源自类胡萝卜素生物合成途径。近年来研 究发现,独脚金内酯不仅具有刺激种子发芽,还具有诱导丛枝菌根真菌分支和抑制植物分枝等多重生物学功能。独脚金内酯的多重角色在植物自身发育与周围环境的协调过程中发挥着重要作用。为了深入了解独脚金内酯,笔者归纳了其所具有的多重“角色”:种子萌发刺激物,共生信号物质及新型植物激素,并进一步探讨了各种功能与其结构的内在关系,为独脚金内酯的深入研究提供借鉴

EFFECT OF ALEXANDRIUM TAMARENSE ON POPULATION DYNAMICS OF BRACHIONUS PLICATILIS

采用单个体培养方法研究有毒赤潮藻塔玛亚历山大藻(Alexandriumtamarense)的细胞再悬浮液、细胞破碎液及其与亚心形扁藻(Platymonassubcordiformis)的混合藻液对褶皱臂尾轮虫(Brachionusplicatilis)实验种群动态的影响.结果表明,塔玛亚历山大藻及其细胞破碎液延缓了褶皱臂尾轮虫的生长发育,使轮虫的生殖前期延长,生殖期及寿命缩短,特定年龄出生率降低,产卵量减少,从而导致轮虫生殖力下降,种群增长受阻.其中以塔玛亚历山大藻细胞再悬浮液对轮虫的影响最为显著,rm仅为0.1832d-1.图1表2参18The effect of a toxic dinoflagellate, Alexandrium tamarense (strain ATHK) on the experimental population dynamics of the individual cultured rotifer, Brachionus plicatilis was studied. The experiment is divided into four treatments by culturing the rotifer in sand-filtered seawater with Platymonas subcordiformis as control;in sand-filtered seawater with A. tamarense cells as re-suspended treatment; in sand-filtered seawater with P. subcordiformis and broken A. tamarense as broken cells treatment; and in sand-filtered seawater with P. subcordiformis and A. tamarense as mixed cells treatment. The results showed that A. tamarense and its broken cells retarded the growth and development of B. plicatilis by prolonging its reproductive prophase, shortening its reproduction and life expectancy, reducing its natality in certain ages and decreasing the amount of spawned eggs. In all cases, the re-suspended A. tamarense cells produced the most significant adverse effect on the rotifer with the least r_ m (0.183 2 d -1 ). Fig 1, Tab 2, Ref 18教育部骨干教师基金项目;; 集美大学基金项目(C50209)资助~

台湾地区第三产业劳动力吸纳能力研究

本文通过对台湾地区的产值结构和就业结构的关联分析,主要运用就业弹性指标和结构偏离度指标揭示当前台湾地区第三产业吸纳劳动力之能力及其态势。研究发现,台湾地区第三产业比第一、二产业的劳动力吸纳能力强,但其吸纳劳动力的空间趋小;占第三产业产值比重较大的不动产业、公共行政及\"国防\"强制性社会安全业并未发挥应有的劳动力吸纳作用。与\"亚洲四小龙\"中的韩国相比,台湾地区第三产业的产值结构较优,但由于产业结构快速转变、经济成长停滞、经济结构单一、生产性服务业比重偏低等原因,台湾地区第三产业对就业的拉动作用较弱,其劳动力吸纳能力劣于韩国。教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“福建自由贸易试验区与台湾自由经济示范区对接合作研究”(15JJD810004);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“新形势下两岸经济融合发展的动力机制研究”(16JJD790036

Adverse Drug Reaction Reports in 2013: Analysis of 329 Cases

目的:探讨解放军第175医院(以下简称“我院“)药品不良反应(Adr)发生的特点及规律,为临床合理用药提供参考,避免严重的Adr重复发生。方法:采用回顾性研究方法,对我院2013年上报的329例合格的Adr报告进行统计、分析。结果:329例Adr报告中,新的Adr为6例,占1.82%,严重的Adr为65例,占19.76%;引发Adr的给药方式以静脉给药为主(100例,占30.40%“);男性165例,女性139例,25例性别不详;304例已知性别的患者中,41~80岁223例,占73.36%,而20岁以下患者仅22例,占7.24%;抗肿瘤药引起的Adr为76例,占总报告数的23.10%,抗菌药物引起的Adr为54例,占总报告数的16.41%,中药注射剂引起的Adr为27例,占总报告数的8.21%;Adr临床表现主要为消化系统、神经系统、皮肤及其附件损害等。结论:应加强Adr监测,选择合适的药物、剂型和给药途径,加强用药监护,特别是加强对老年人、儿童、肝肾功能不全患者等特殊人群)的用药监护,促进临床合理用药,避免或减少一些严重的Adr重复出现。OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characteristics and regularity of the adverse drug reactions( ADRs) in No.175 Hospital of PLA( hereinafter referred to as "our hospital") for clinical reference of rational use of drugs and prevention of the repeated occurrence of ADRs.METHODS: By a retrospective study,a total of 329 eligible ADR case reports collected in our hospital in 2013 were statistically analyzed.RESULTS: of the 329 ADR cases,6( 1.82%)were new ADR cases and 65( 19.76%) serious ones; 100( 30.40%) were induced intravenously; 165 were males vs.139 females with unknown gender for the another 25 cases; of the 304 gender-known cases,223( 73.36%) aged 41-80 years and 22( 7.24%) below 20 years; 76( 23.10%) were induced by anti-tumor drugs,54( 16.41%) by antibiotics and 27( 8.21%) by traditional Chinese medicine injections, which should be given great attention clinically.The ADRs manifested mainly as lesions of digestive system,nervous system and skin and its appendants etc.CONCLUSIONS: It is important to strengthen ADR monitoring,properly choose drugs,dosage form and routes of administration,strengthen medication monitoring for patients,especially for the special population including the elderly and children and those with hepatorenal insufficiency to promote rational use of drugs and prevent or reduce the repeated occurrence of serious ADRs

Novel MFL method for pipeline crack no blind spot detection using composite excitation

管道是石油和天然气工业的重要组成部分,而轴向裂纹是管道安全运营的重要隐患。传统的漏磁检测技术(MFL)对管道中轴向裂纹的检测灵敏度不高,从而形成检测盲区。本文提出了一种利用复合激励的MFL检测新方法,可实现对轴向和周向缺陷的同步检测。首先,利用U型磁轭对管壁进行交直流复合磁化;直流磁化场直接作用于周向裂纹并形成有效的MFL检测信号,而交流磁化场则在管壁内形成垂直于磁化方向的均匀涡流场;当该涡流场受到轴向裂纹干扰时,将形成二次感生磁场的扰动,因此,新方法通过对管壁表面的漏磁场及二次感生磁场检测,同时获得周向和轴向两个方向的探测能力;最后开展仿真和实验,并分析了新方法中作用于轴向和周向裂纹的磁化场、涡流场和二次感生磁场的分布。结果表明,新方法只需通过一次扫描,即可以获得缺陷的轴向和周向特征,实现了对裂纹的无盲点检测。Pipelines are the critical components in oil and gas industry,axial cracks caused by stress corrosion and fatigue damage are the hidden danger of pipeline safe operation. The conventional magnetic flux leakage( MFL) detection technique is inadequate for accurately detecting the narrow axial crack in pipeline and forms detection blind region. In this paper,a new MFL detection method capable of simultaneously detecting both axial and circumferential defects is proposed utilizing DC-AC composite excitation. Firstly,the measured pipe wall is magnetized by DC-AC compound magnetic field using a U-shaped yoke. The DC magnetic field is directly acted on the circumferential crack and generates effective MFL detection signal. The AC magnetic field generates a uniform eddy current field perpendicular to the magnetization direction inside the pipe wall. When the eddy current field is disturbed by the axial crack,a secondary induced magnetic field is generated. Through detecting the surface magnetic flux leakage and secondary induced magnetic field,the new method can obtain the axial and circumferential crack detection capability simultaneously. Both simulations and experiments were conducted,the distributions of the magnetizing field,eddy current field and secondary induced magnetic field acting on the axial and circumferential cracks were analyzed. The results show that the proposed new method can detect both axial and circumferential cracks effectively with one pass scanning,the pipeline crack no blind spot detection is achieved.国家自然科学基金(51177141,51677158);; 航空基金(2012ZD68003)项目资

FEC基电解液对高压正极材料Li2CoPO4F电化学性能的影响

本文研究了以氟代碳酸乙烯酯FEC（fluoroethylene carbonate）为共溶剂的电解液对高压正极材料Li2CoPO4F电化学性能的影响,与碳酸酯基电解液1 mol·L-1LiPF6EC/DMC=1:1（m:m）相比,1 mol·L-1LiPF6FEC/DMC=1:1（m:m）可显著提高Li2CoPO4F的循环稳定性.通过线性扫描伏安法（LSV）、扫描电镜（SEM）、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）、X射线衍射（XRD）结合电化学阻抗（EIS）对FEC改善Li2CoPO4F材料循环稳定性的机理进行了探索,结果表明与传统碳酸酯基电解液相比,FEC基电解液在高压下有着优异的抗氧化性,能够有效抑制电解液的氧化分解.同时,FEC基电解液中形成的表面膜具有更高的稳定性,能够抑制电极/电解液界面副反应的发生,提高循环过程中电极材料结构稳定性,从而有益于提高Li2CoPO4F材料的电化学性能.福建省自然科学基金项目(No.2014J05019);;国家自然科学基金项目(No.21233004,No.21303147);;厦门大学校长基金(No.20720150090)资

New NDT method for ferromagnetic materials based on differential permeability

利用微分磁导率变化特性,提出了一种可对材料的宏观缺陷进行快速扫查的无损检测新方法。首先,将铁磁性材料置于偏置磁化场环境下,缺陷将导致内部磁通的畸; 变;其次,磁通畸变进一步体现在材料表面微分磁导率分布的差异性;再次,通过特殊设计的微分磁导率检测探头,对材料表面微分磁导率的分布进行扫查;最后,; 由磁导率分布差异获得材料内部的不连续性信息,从而实现对缺陷的无损检测。开展了系列验证实验,结果表明,相对于传统的漏磁检测方法,新方法具有磁化强度; 低、磁通泄漏少、检测信号稳定的特点。新方法正、反面缺陷探测信号存在差异,在缺陷深度识别方面亦存在优势。A new non-destructive testing method is proposed to fast scan and detect; the macroscopic defects of materials using the variation characteristics; of the differential permeability of ferromagnetic materials. Firstly,the; ferromagnetic material,such as steel plate,is placed under the bias; magnetic field,and the defects in the material will inevitably lead to; the distortion of its internal magnetic flux. Secondly,the magnetic flux; distortion is further reflected in the difference of the differential; permeability distribution on the surface of the tested material.; Thirdly,using a specially designed probe,the distribution of; differential permeability on the surface of tested material is rapidly; scanned. Finally,from the difference of the differential permeability; distribution,the discontinuity information in the material can be; obtained,so as to realize the nondestructive testing of macroscopic; defects. Series of experiments were carried out,and the results show; that,compared with traditional magnetic flux leakage method,the new; method has the advantages of low magnetic intensity,less flux leakage; and stable detection signals. Moreover,the detection signals for the; front-side and back-side defects have obviously different distribution; characteristics,and the method also has obvious advantages in the field; of defect depth identification.国家自然科学基金; 福建省科技计划重大专

Study on quality standard of Minghuanggao gel

目的:研究明黄膏质量标准。方法:采用薄层色谱(TLC)法对明黄膏中的主要成分大黄、黄连、苦参进行定性鉴别;高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定明黄膏中大黄酚的含量。结果:TLC色谱中均能明显地检出大黄、黄连、苦参;HPLC法测得本品中大黄酚的含量为0.267~0.308 mg·g-1;在10.02~100.16 mg·L-1的范围内,溶液的浓度与峰面积呈良好线性关系,r=0.999 9;加样平均回收率为98.48% (n=6),RSD为1.20%。结论:本品定性、定量方法简便、准确,专属性强,质量标准能够控制该制剂的内在质量。OBJECTIVE To study the quality standard of Minghuanggao gel. METHODS Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, Rhizoma Coptidis and Radix Sophorae Flavescentis in Minghuanggao gel were identified by TLC. The content of chrysophanol in this preparation was determined by HPLC. RESULTS Radix and Rhizoma Rhei, Rhizoma Coptidis and Radix Sophorae Flavescentis in Minghuang-gao gel could be detected obviously by TLC. The content of chrysophanol in this gel was 0.267 - 0.308 mg·g -1 . The linear ranges were 10.02 - 100.16 mg·L -1 with good positive correlation. The average recovery of chrysophanol was 98.48% ( n =6),RSD= 1.20% . CONCLUSION TLC is a simple, method HPLC is accurate and reliable method. The quality standard can be used for quality control of this product.甘肃省科技厅中青年科技基金资助项目(编号:YS 011 A23 015