Iron and manganese oxides enhance electron output efficiency of Clostridium pasteurianum

[Background] Fermentative dissimilatory metal-reducing bacteria, which are capable of reducing metallic oxides, get energy from fermentation. Little is known about how metallic oxides affect electron output efficiency of fermentative dissimilatory metal-reducing microorganisms. [Objective] This study was conducted to explore the influence of iron and manganese oxides (Fe_2O_3/MNO_2) on electron output efficiency. [Methods] Different concentrations of Fe_2O_3/MNO_2 were added into fermented system containing glucose and inoculated 5% C. pasteurianum. Electrochemical activity of C. pasteurianum was detected. The concentrations of Fe(Ⅱ) and Mn(Ⅱ) were measured by ferrozine spectrophotometry and formaldoxime method. Fermentation substrate and metabolites of C. pasteurianum were detected by gas chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography. Lastly, we calculated the electron output efficiency. [Results] The current density peaked with the value of about 0.93 mA/m~2. The concentrations of Fe(Ⅱ) and Mn(Ⅱ) gradually accumulated. The consumption of glucose was increased by 9.4%/7.7%, Meanwhile, acetate production was increased by 37.5%/25.0%, and butyrate production was increased by 22.7%/6.8%. Additionally, hydrogen production was increased by 21.6%/9.8%, and the total electron output efficiency was increased by 24.27%/10.82%, respectively. The pH values between experimental group and control are no significant difference. [Conclusion] This study shows that iron and manganese oxides can improve the electron output efficiency of C. pasteurianum by increasing glucose consumption and buffering pH value. The results provide evidence for revealing the effects of multivalent metal oxides on the electron output of fermentative dissimilatory metal-reducing bacteria, and further expand our understanding of the interaction mechanism between multivalent metal oxides and fermentative dissimilatory metal-reducing bacteria.</p

武夷山市洲庵遗址考古发掘简报

洲庵遗址位于福建省城村汉城遗址西南2公里处,2013年被调查发现。随后对其进行抢救性考古发掘,共发现汉代房址1处,宋代灰坑6个、窑炉3座,出土一批汉代、宋代建筑材料、陶瓷器标本,这为研究..

Chemical constituents and cytotoxicity assay research in small polar substances from Vitis thunbergii var. taiwaniana

该文对小叶山葡萄地上部分化学成分进行了研究,运用硅胶柱色谱,OdS中低压柱色谱,SEPHAdEX lH-20凝胶柱色谱,分析型和制备型HPlC从小叶山葡萄60%乙醇提取物大孔树脂95%乙醇-水洗脱部位分离得到12个化合物,利用高分辨质谱,核磁共振等波谱手段鉴定其结构分别为:(1)bETulInIC ACId,(2)2,2,2'-bIS(4-HydrOXyPHEnyl)PrOPAnE bIS(2,3-EPOXyPrOPyl)ETHEr,(3)ErIOdICTyOl,(4)TrAnS-ε-VInIfErIn,(5)(+)-CIS-ε-VInIfErIn,(6)kObOPHEnOl A,(7)AMPElOPSIn A,(8)nEPAlEnHEnOl,(9)CIS-MIyAbEnOl C,(10)CIS-VITISIn b,(11)CIS-gnETIn H和(12)(+)-HOPEAPHEnOl。化合物2,5,6,8,9,10,11均为首次从为葡萄属中分离得到的化合物,化合物3,7,12为首次从小叶山葡萄中分离得到的化合物。在作用浓度为50μMOl·l-1下,化合物6,7和11对MCf-7(乳腺癌细胞株)具有较明显的体外生长抑制作用,其抑制率分别为66.58%,57.16%,52.84%。This article studied the chemical constituents from the aerial part of Vitis thunbergii var.taiwaniana.The 60% ethanol extract was eluted with 95% ethanol though HP-20 macroporous adsorption resin column.12 compounds,including( 1) betulinic acid,( 2) 2,2,2'-bis( 4-hydroxyphenyl) propane bis( 2,3-epoxypropyl) ether,( 3) eriodictyol,( 4) trans-ε-viniferin,( 5)( +)-cis-ε-viniferin,( 6) kobophenol A,( 7) ampelopsin A,( 8) nepalensinol B,( 9) cis-miyabenol C,( 10) cis-vitisin B,( 11) cis-gnetin H and( 12)( +)-hopeaphenol,were separated by using normal phase silica gel,ODS,Sephdadex LH-20 column chromatographies and semi-preparative or preparative HPLC.Compounds 2,5,6,8,9,10,11 were separated from the genus Vitis for the first time and compounds 3,7,12 were separated from Vitis thunbergii var.taiwaniana for the first time.At a concentration of 50 μmol·L-1,compound6,7 and 11 showed strong cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cell lines with the inhibition rate of 66.58%,57.16%,52.84%,respectively.国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(81202419

喷印柔性压力传感器试验研究

柔性压力传感器是智能机器人和生物医疗等典型应用领域中的关键部件。针对10～50 kPa中等压力下对柔性压力传感器的高灵敏度、良好压力分辨率和快速响应需求,提出在PDMS基底上直写喷印石墨烯纳米片(GNPs)/多壁碳纳米管(MWCNT)构建S型折线图案化敏感单元,结合封装层微结构阵列,制备中压高灵敏度、低检测限的柔性压力传感器。试验结果表明,在压力为0～15 kPa和15～40 kPa的条件下,该传感器灵敏度分别为0.114 kPa–1和1.41 kPa–1,响应/恢复速度快(约100 ms/50ms)。同时,其也可检测低至约3Pa的微小压力。同时,该传感器更是能对不同发声进行准确的区分识别,对不同的指压信号进行精确稳定反馈。可见,喷印制造柔性压力传感器将为语音识别、人工假肢、制备高性能电子皮肤和医疗康复器件等提供可能的优选方案

Promoting electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to formate via sulfur-boosting water activation on indium surfaces

一般认为，H2O还原析氢反应是CO2还原反应的竞争反应，若促进H2O活化将降低CO2还原反应的法拉第效率。因此，基于该认识设计出的高CO2还原法拉第效率的催化剂常常活性低。王野课题组打破这种认识，提出H2O分子活化在CO2还原中起着重要的作用，成功合成出硫修饰In催化剂来活化H2O分子而促进CO2还原制甲酸的新方法，该催化剂在非常宽的电流密度范围内（25~100 mA cm-2），均可以维持85%以上的甲酸法拉第效率。将硫拓展至硒和碲等其它硫族元素以及将金属铟拓展至铋和锡等其它p区金属，均实现很好的促进效果，表明通过促进水的活化来提高CO2电催化还原性能具有普适性。该工作为理性设计高效的CO2还原电催化剂提供了新策略。 该研究工作实验部分主要由王野、张庆红教授指导，能源材料化学协同创新中心iChEM2016级博士生马文超、固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室高级工程师谢顺吉（共同第一作者）完成；理论计算部分由吴德印教授指导，2015级博士生张霞光（共同第一作者）完成。醇醚酯国家工程实验室高级工程师康金灿参与了部分实验表征。上海光源姜政教授和孙凡飞博士为同步辐射表征提供了支持。【Abstract】Electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to fuels and chemicals is one of the most attractive routes for CO2 utilization. Current catalysts suffer from low faradaic efficiency of a CO2-reduction product at high current density (or reaction rate). Here, we report that a sulfur-doped indium catalyst exhibits high faradaic efficiency of formate (>85%) in a broad range of current density (25–100 mA cm−2) for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction in aqueous media. The formation rate of formate reaches 1449 μmol h−1 cm−2 with 93% faradaic efficiency, the highest value reported to date. Our studies suggest that sulfur accelerates CO2 reduction by a unique mechanism. Sulfur enhances the activation of water, forming hydrogen species that can readily react with CO2 to produce formate. The promoting effect of chalcogen modifiers can be extended to other metal catalysts. This work offers a simple and useful strategy for designing both active and selective electrocatalysts for CO2This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (No. 2017YFB0602201), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21690082, 91545203, and 21503176). We thank staff at the BL14W1 beamline of the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facilities (SSRF) for assistance with the EXAFS measurements. 研究工作得到科技部重点研发计划（批准号：2017YFB0602201）和国家自然科学基金（批准号：21690082、91545203、21503176）等项目的资助

3D-printed integrative probeheads for magnetic resonance

射频探头前端作为核磁共振设备的核心部件之一，极大程度的决定着系统实验性能的优劣。探头前端通常由射频线圈、射频电路及样品检测管道等部分组成。现有的射频线圈制作技术主要是通过手工或机械手段按照所需的线圈形状进行绕制。但是，当线圈结构较为复杂、不规则，或体积尺寸较小时，常规绕制方法便难以满足结构设计和制造的精度需求，因此造成线圈性能的劣化，增大检测区域的射频场不均匀性，对核磁共振检测产生负面影响。本研究中，利用3D打印熔融沉积制造或光敏树脂选择性固化技术精确加工出一体化磁共振探头前端，使用常温液态金属填充线圈模型管路形成射频线圈，搭建出稳定的一体化磁共振射频探头。利用高精度3D打印和液态金属灌注技术制备出包含有射频线圈和定制化样品管道结构在内的一体化磁共振射频探头前端，克服了传统磁共振三维微型线圈成型困难、与样品腔匹配程度差等问题，提高了探头的信噪比，为定制化的磁共振检测提供了新思路。 该工作由厦门大学电子科学与技术学院陈忠教授、游学秋副研究员和孙惠军高级工程师共同指导完成，博士研究生谢君尧为论文第一作者。厦门大学电子科学与技术学院黄玉清高级工程师、王忻昌副教授、倪祖荣助理教授、硕士研究生张德超，化学化工学院杨朝勇教授、博士研究生李星锐，萨本栋微米纳米科学技术研究院陈宏教授为合作作者。【Abstract】Magnetic resonance (MR) technology has been widely employed in scientific research, clinical diagnosis and geological survey. However, the fabrication of MR radio frequency probeheads still face difficulties in integration, customization and miniaturization. Here, we utilized 3D printing and liquid metal filling techniques to fabricate integrative radio frequency probeheads for MR experiments. The 3D-printed probehead with micrometer precision generally consists of liquid metal coils, customized sample chambers and radio frequency circuit interfaces. We screened different 3D printing materials and optimized the liquid metals by incorporating metal microparticles. The 3D-printed probeheads are capable of performing both routine and nonconventional MR experiments, including in situ electrochemical analysis, in situ reaction monitoring with continues-flow paramagnetic particles and ions separation, and small-sample MR imaging. Due to the flexibility and accuracy of 3D printing techniques, we can accurately obtain complicated coil geometries at the micrometer scale, shortening the fabrication timescale and extending the application scenarios.The work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants U1632274, 11761141010, U1805261, 11475142, 22073078, and 61801411), and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2017M622075).研究工作得到国家自然科学基金、中国博士后科学基金等项目支持

一种核壳结构的纳米磷酸锰铁锂复合材料及其制备方法和应用

本发明涉及一种纳米磷酸锰铁锂复合材料，具体地，所述复合材料包括核壳结构和任选的包覆所述核壳结构的外碳层，其中，所述的核壳结构包括：(i)核芯，所述核芯的化学组成为LiMn1-(x-a)Fex-aPO4，其中0.05≤a≤x≤0.6；和(ii)核壳，所述核壳为磷酸铁锂；并且所述复合材料的粒径为10-900nm。本发明还公开了所述复合材料的制备方法和应用。本发明所述复合材料利于提高锂离子电池电化学性能且制备工艺可操作性强、易于控制且成本低

PK型多楔带有效长度极限偏差对EFEAD性能影响研究

针对某柴油EFEADS多楔带有效长度偏差动态性能的影响，建立了多楔带-自动张紧器系统平衡方程及带轮-多楔带耦合振动模型，得出了横振方程；对标测试、修正了仿真模型，以此分析了不同极限偏差对EFEADS动态性能的影响。结果表明，极限偏差增加，张紧臂摆幅最大值减小；但在中高转速下，较大的极限偏差会引起系统不稳定，张紧臂摆幅增大，且带段横振整体增加；但不同转速的张力变化会导致带段共振频率变化，引起横振峰值对应转速漂移，而较小的极限偏差所引起的张力较大、带段横振较小

1.3μm InGaAsP/InP长寿命激光器

本交报道精心外延及光刻腐蚀,使外延片质量提高,器件的光电特性得到改善。最低闽值电流Ith=17mA,外微分效率η=25%（单面）,最高连续激射温度为130℃,最大输出功率超过40mW。采用PbSn焊料改进制管工艺,提高了器件的可靠性。器件在25℃时的中值寿命为26万小时