Influence of N, P additions on the transfer of nickel along the food-chain

【中文摘要】 采用放射性同位素示踪法,研究氮或磷添加对镍在东海原甲藻(Prorocentrum donghaienseLu)和中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)胞内累积的影响;并将其分别投喂中华哲水蚤(Calanus sinicus)后,探讨镍在桡足类体内的吸收和生理周转。结果表明,经过24h暴露后,氮或磷显著影响这两种藻类对镍的吸收,且高浓度氮或磷均能促进镍在这两种藻类细胞内的累积,因而促进镍在中华哲水蚤体内的吸收;而镍在中华哲水蚤体内的生理周转率却不受氮或磷浓度的影响,似乎更受动物个体的生理状态影响;中华哲水蚤对镍的吸收率与藻类细胞内镍含量呈极显著相关(p<0.001),证明了"桡足类只吸收饵料细胞内的水相金属库"的假说。由此可见,近海富营养化可促进浮游植物对镍的吸收,进而影响该金属在浮游生物食物链上的传递。 【英文摘要】 We examined the influence of macronutrient (nitrate or phosphate) additions on the bioaccumulation of Ni in two species of phytoplankton (Prorocentrum donghaiense Lu and Skeletonema costatum), and its subsequent assimilation and physiological turnover in marine copepod (Calanus sinicus) after ingestion, using a radioactive-tracer method. The results showed that N or P addition significantly influenced intracellular Ni accumulation in the algal cells after 24 h of exposure, with higher ambient N or P enhanci...国家自然科学基金委员会与香港研究资助局联合科研资助基金(40131160735);国家自然科学基金资助项目(40576065

利用改良Nest-tetra-primerspecificPCR技术对两种石斑鱼的鉴别

云纹石斑鱼(EPInEPHEluS MOArA)和褐石斑鱼(E.brunEuS)为石斑鱼属内近缘种,外形相似常被混淆.本研究改良建立了nEST-TETrA-PrIMEr SPECIfIC PCr方法,获得了云纹石斑鱼和褐石斑鱼线粒体dnAnd2基因内的3个特异性条带,分别为内参序列nC1(394bP)、特异性条带nd2-M(268bP)和nd2-b(122bP),以及核基因组中核糖体dnAITS1区的5个特异性条带,分别为内参序列nC2(588bP)、nC3(563bP),特异性条带rdnA-M(426bP)、ITS1-M(488bP)和ITS1-b(304bP).研究结果不仅为两种石斑鱼的鉴别提供了稳定、可靠、快捷的特异性分子标记,而且也为鱼类近缘种的dnA鉴别提供了新的途径.国家自然科学基金(批准号:40576064);国家“八六三”计划(项目编号:2006AA10A414)资助项

茶多糖TGC的结构表征

采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)分析均一茶多糖TGC的单糖组成,并与NMR,圆二色谱、紫外扫描等其他分析方法结合,对茶多糖TGC的一级结构及其在溶液中的构象加以探讨.结果表明:茶多糖TGC是由鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖、木糖、葡萄糖、甘露糖和半乳糖等6种单糖组成,它在水溶液中应以有序的螺旋构象存在,其一级结构为:主链的骨架结构由鼠李糖、葡萄糖和半乳糖构成,这3种单糖都有可能连接支链,不接支链时其连接方式为b1→3,支链主要由阿拉伯糖构成,其连接方式可为b1→2,b1→3,b2→3三种,木糖以b1→存在于主链和支链的末端.教育部高等学校骨干教师资助计划项目;; 江西省主要学科学术和技术带头人培养计划项目资

Construction of cDNA library of gills from Pagrus major with the cloning of hepcidin

【中文摘要】 以细菌攻毒的真鲷鳃组织为材料,分离出mRNA,合成双链后,回收500~4 000bp cDNA片段,构建了λZAP表达型cDNA文库。初级文库的容量为1.75×105个重组子,扩增文库的滴度达到1×109pfu.mL-1,随机挑选噬菌斑的插入片断在500~2000bp之间。以hepcidin特异性引物做PCR扩增文库,获得了hepcidin抗菌肽基因cDNA序列,证明所建立的文库可用于免疫相关基因的筛选。本文库可作为筛选真鲷免疫相关基因的重要资源。 【英文摘要】 With the layers of mucus and nonspecific immune defenses,the fish gill is exposed to the external environment and forms the initial barrier to invasion by pathogens.As one of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues in teleost fishes,gill contains populations of leucocytes.In order to probe the immune-related genes in red seabream(Pagrus major),the cDNA library of gills was constructed from the red seabream inoculated with several species of pathogenic bacteria.The total RNA was extracted by TRIZOL and mRNA w...福建省重大科技项目(2003I005);; 厦门市高新技术项目(3502Z20021052

南极海冰区冰藻类群及兴衰过程

本文总结了国际上对南极冰藻类群及其生理生态特性的多年研究成果 ,结合我国科学家在南极长城站以及在戴维斯和中山站的越冬研究 ,阐述了南极海冰区的冰藻类群及其形成机理 ,对冰藻的形成、存活、旺发和消亡过程进行讨论 ,并对大洋浮冰区和近岸固定冰区冰藻类群的生态特性进行对比 ,提出了今后有待进一步深入研究的领域 【英文摘要】 Combining with the research results obtained from the Great Wall and Zhongshan Stations of China, the thesis reviews the different ice algal assemblages occurring in the Antarctic sea ice and their formation, survival, growth and disappearance, compares the difference between the pack and fast sea ice zones and brings forward some scientific questions which are needed for further research. There are surface, interior, bottom and sub ice assemblages within ice, and each composes of some types. Because of ...国家自然科学基金项目 ( 30 2 70 112 ;4 0 0 0 6 0 10 )资

The progress in the study of Arctic pack ice ecology

The sea ice community plays an important role in the Arctic marine ecosystem. Because of the predicted environmental changes in the Arctic environment and specifically related to sea ice, the Arctic pack ice biota has received more attention in recent years using modern ice-breaking research vessels. Studies show that the Arctic pack ice contains a diverse biota and besides ice algae, the bacterial and protozoan biomasses can be high. Surprisingly high primary production values were observed in the pack ice..

低温季节不同种群拟穴青蟹线粒体呼吸速率和酶活性的差异

已有研究显示分布于我国东南沿海的拟穴青蟹(Scylla paramamosain)可能已分化为南、北2个种群.在低温季节从不同纬度的3个海域采集拟穴青蟹的野生个体,比较其南、北种群线粒体呼吸速率和酶活性的差异.结果如下:除了乳酸脱氢酶、丙酮酸激酶以及肝胰腺细胞色素C氧化酶外,无论是北方种群还是南方种群,生活在纬度较高的宁波海域的拟穴青蟹的线粒体呼吸速率和酶活性都显著高于生活在纬度较低的儋州海域的个体;同一海域的南、北种群间,鳃、肌肉和肝胰腺线粒体呼吸速率和细胞色素C氧化酶活性总体上都是北方种群高于南方种群,纬度越高的海域的南、北种群间差异越显著;南、北种群肌肉的乳酸脱氢酶、丙酮酸激酶和己糖激酶活性相比,宁波海域北方种群的己糖激酶活性显著高于该海域的南方种群.上述结果表明,分布于我国东南沿海的拟穴青蟹的北方种群比南方种群对温度有更有效的代谢补偿能力,且纬度越高,二者的差异越显著,由此可见分布于我国东南沿海的拟穴青蟹的北方种群比南方种群更能适应低温环境.国家自然科学基金(31472294

Studies on chromosome karyotype,Ag-NORs and C-banding patterns of Lutjanus sebae

实验采用植物血凝素、秋水仙碱腹腔注射,肾细胞直接制片法分析了川纹笛鲷luTJAnuS SEbAE染色体核型、Ag-nOrS和C-带。结果表明:1)川纹笛鲷二倍体染色体数2n=48,核型公式为:2n=48T,nf=48;在第1对染色体靠近着丝粒部位有明显的次缢痕。2)染色体经快速银染后,Ag-nOrS的数目在不同细胞中表现出多态性,数目1—4个,2个Ag-nOrS的频率最高(占79%)。在分裂相中,第1对T染色体近着丝粒的次缢痕区均出现2个银染位点(Ag-nOrS阳性),且未见Ag-nOrS的联合现象。3)大多数染色体的着丝粒区显示出1个深浅不同的C-带,在第1对染色体的随体区域分布有大量的结构异染色质,表现C-带强阳性。讨论了鱼类核型演化规律和Ag-nOrS、C-带的发生机制,以及川纹笛鲷的进化地位。Studies on karyotype,Ag-NORs,and C-banding of Lutjanus sebae were performed.The chromosomes were re-ceived from the head kidney by using a method of injecting with PHA and colchicines,air drying,and Giemsa staining.The results were as follows.1) The karyotypic formula of L.sebae was 2n=48t,NF=48.Meanwhile,a pair of chromosomes,with secondary constriction near the centromere,was found on chromosome 1.2) The Ag-NORs polymorphisms were individually specific in this fish.The silver staining pots were 1-4,and the number of Ag-NORs was mainly 2(79%).A pair of nucleolar organizer regions was observed on the secondary constriction of chromosome 1,and no Ag-NORs combination was found.3) Centromeres of most chromosomes were C-bandings positive,and heterochromatin was detected at the satellite zone of chro-mosome 1.Thus,we discussed the evolution of karyotype,the developing mechanism of Ag-NORs,and C-bandings for fish.The phylogenetic condition of L.sebae was evaluated as well.国家自然科学基金项目(30070595);国家“863”计划项目(2006AA10A414

凝固浴中加入碳纳米管对PAN碳纤维原丝结构性能的影响

在凝固浴中加入经酸处理的多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs),制得多壁碳纳米管-聚丙烯腈纤维,并对其进行了表征.结果表明:在凝固浴中加入酸处理MWNTs,对填补PAN碳纤维原丝内部的微孔有明显的作用;对PAN原丝的结晶结构几乎没有影响;降低了原丝的晶区取向;提高了原丝的断裂强度、断裂伸长率及拉伸韧度

以信用监管为核心 打造新型监管机制

背景材料:近年来,以信用监管为核心的新型监管制度在各个领域被广泛运用。5月15日,《司法部关于印发开展证明事项告知承诺制试点工作方案的通知》确定在13个省(市)和5个国务院部门开展试点,强调转变监管方式,加强信用监管,切实减少繁琐证明。今年3月,国务院办公厅印发《关于全面开展工程建设项目审批制度改