Retinoic Acid-Induced Apoptotic Pathway in T-Cell Lymphmoa : Identification of Four Groups of Genes with Differential Biological Function

Objective: Retinoic acid (RA) has been used to induce the regression of refractory T-cell lymphoma. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that RA exerts this effect through the induction of apoptosis. This study was designed to investigate the molecular pathway of RA-induced apoptosis in T -lymphoma cell lines.Materials and Methods: RA-induced apoptosis was verified by morphology, flow cytometry, and DNA ladder analysis. Differential display method using a combination of 12 poly(A)-anchored primers and 20 arbitrary primers was adopted for gene cloning. Total RNAs were extracted from H9 cell line at 0, 6, 12, and 24 hours after All-trans RA (ATRA) treatment and the serial expression patterns of the candidate fragments were recognized. The cloned gene fragments were then analyzed and confirmed by Northern blot analysis on H9 and SR786 cell lines.Results : ATRA-induced apoptosis of T-cell lymphoma was protein synthesis– dependent. The execution or irreversible phase of apoptosis appeared to occur at 6–12 hours of RA treatment. Among the 60,000 arbitrarily displayed bands, 25 of 250 candidate fragments were selected for further cloning and sequencing. A total of 14 clones could be matched to known genes and were categorized into four groups: A) transcription factors: prothymosin, CA150, p78 serine/ threonine kinase, IL-1β–stimulating gene , glucocorticoid receptor, MLN64/CAB1, gastrin-binding protein, and polypeptide from glioblastoma; B) chaperone: 90 kDa heat shock protein; C) ion channel: chloride channel protein 3; and D) cytoskeleton: cytovillin2 /ezrin and vimentin. Another two clones of genes were of unrecognized functions. The remaining 11 clones belonged to unmatched or novel genes. The expression of these genes varied, either upregulated or downregulated, in response to ATRA treatment.Conclusion: RA- induced apoptosis may involve a cascade of genes that are related to transcription regulation, stress response, housekeeping, and the execution of apoptosis. The clarification of the RA-induced apoptotic pathway will help us to understand the molecular mechanism of cancer differentiation agents

The Application of Injection Molding Technique to Optimize the Replication of Micro Structure for Light Guide Plates

[[abstract]]本研究主要目的在探討LCD背光模組之重要元件－導光板其微結構的轉寫性，為使轉寫高度達到與微結構模仁有最佳的一致性，符合光學設計所需之效果及商業價值，在射出成型上必需考量避免殘留應カ、流痕、收縮、翹曲、積風等成型不良之因素，於此前提下嘗試各種射出參數對成型的影響性，其中鲜為人所探討的背壓壓力於本研究中發現對殘留應力及轉寫高度均有顯著的影響。 眾所皆知，不論運用何種實驗設計法，其所設定的初始條件攸關實驗的效益與成敗，綜觀各文獻中從未將背壓壓力列入轉寫高度之控制因子而加以研究，其所尋得最具影響力之參數大多為料溫、模溫與保壓壓力。本研究發現背壓壓力相較於保壓壓力對導光板微結構轉寫性更具有影響力，並以此為較佳的初始條件，尋求成品達到強健化之目標。 在研究中應用強健型成型參數迴歸搜尋法，先以田口方法之最佳化參數為初始值，進而搜尋強健參數點，最後得到ㄧ最佳化且具有強健型的射出成型參數，結果證實在初始參數的設定下其轉寫率為89.6%，經強健型成型參數迴歸搜尋法提升至95.3%，顯見此方法可以有效增加導光板微結構之轉寫率，並能促進業界生產導光板之良率。[[abstract]]This research aims to investigate how to enhance the effort of replicating the micro-structures of light guided plates (LGP), which is an important component in the LCD back light module. To make the best unity of replicating the micro-structures between the injection part and the mold insert, and to fulfill all the requirement considered by the optical design and commercial issue, process of injection-molding LGP must consider to avoid many defeats, such as residual stress, flow mark, shrinkage, warp and void. Thus, several process parameters influencing the molding quality especially including the back pressure setting, which is seldom discussed in the past studies, have been conducted in this research. The experimental results show that back pressure has noticeable influence on residual stress and the replication performance. As is well known, the experimental results conducted by design of experiment methods highly depend whether important factors have been selected. After reviewing a few research literatures, the back pressure is seldom chosen in the controlled factor. Instead, parameters such as the melt temperature, mold temperature, and packing pressure are most concerned. This study reveals that the back pressure is more effective than the packing pressure in the replication of LGP’s micro-structures. For the sake of controlling process quality, this factor is important to the searching of robust process parameters setting. In this study, a regression model based searching method of robust parameters setting has been applied to molding LGP. Firstly, the initial values of process parameters are determined with the optimal combinations using Taguchi method. Then, the robust parameters setting are found by the applied searching method. The experimental results for verification show that the replication rate of height of the micro-structures has been improved to 95.3% (the original is 89.6%). The method is also apparent to effectively improve the yielding rate of LGP manufacture

A Reliable and Efficient Broadcasting Protocol Based on Incremental Network Coding

[[abstract]]傳統的網路編碼因需要接收到足夠數量的編碼封包才能還原原始資料，故使得解碼時間變長。若是在傳輸過程中發生封包遺失，節點所發出的要求訊息於其他節點接收後，該節點會將自身所擁有的封包傳送給要求者，但接收端所收到的封包可能與自身所擁有的封包線性相依或是部分重覆，進而造成網路資源浪費。本篇所提出方法Network Coding-Based Reliable and Efficient Broadcasting Protocol(RENC)的目標為利用下三角編碼矩陣來降低編碼延遲的時間以及利用作者所提出的封包重傳方式來減少封包傳送次數，在重傳機制方面，主要提出兩種方法，第一種重傳機制利用節點發出訊息來判斷目前節點的情況，而第二種重傳機制則是採用bitmap的方式來標記缺少的封包。 在實驗方面，我們將RENC與傳統的網路編碼進行比較，由實驗結果可以看出RENC在解碼時間延遲、可靠度與封包傳送次數方面，在網路情況多變時均有不錯的表現。 Network Coding technique has been investigated in many network protocols to increase packet delivery ratio. Traditional Network Coding mechanism needs to receive enough encoded packets to recover original packets, but this will increase the decoding latency. Even though Network Coding can increase packet delivery ratio, it is possible that some encoded packets cannot be decoded due to serious packet lost problem. To recover missing packets, a node can broadcast a request message to other nodes within its transmission range. Once a neighboring node receives the request message, it will check the packet availability within its buffer, encode the required packets, and reply the encoded packets to the node which sent request message. In this approach, the requesting node may receive multiple copies of same packets, and this may waste scarce radio resource. In this paper, a Reliable and Efficient Network Coding-based Broadcasting Protocol (RENC) which can reduce decoding latency and increase radio resource utilization is proposed. RENC utilizes merits of lower-triangular matrix to encode various numbers of packets into a single packet. RENC can reduce the decoding time by Gaussian elimination. Besides, a new retransmission scheme which can reduce the number of transmission messages is also presented. Simulation results reveal that RENC outperforms traditional network coding in terms of decoding latency and reliability

低照度發電太陽能裝置

一種低照度發電太陽能裝置,其係包含一太陽能板與一微透鏡層,太陽能板係包含有複數個太陽能電池,微透鏡層係設於太陽能板之受光面上,其係包含有複數個可聚光的微透鏡而形成一微透鏡陣列,藉由此微透鏡層可提高照射在太陽能板受光面上的光線强度,故在低强度的微弱光線下,亦可使照射到太陽能電池的光線强度超過電池的發電臨界値,因此可充份發揮太陽能板的發電功能

超臨界二氧化碳萃取茶葉精油及濃縮研究

A self-design experimental system was employed to improve the concentration of essential oils for Pao-chung oolong tea-leaf by using supercritical CO ?? extraction. The effects of temperature, CO ?? flow rate, back-pressure, and the addition of co-solvent on the extractive efficiency were studied. The densimeter was used to determine the concentrationof essential oils in the liquor. Results showed that the concentration of tea oils was found to increase with temperature, ranged from 25 ℃ to 60 ℃, but decreased at 80 ℃. It evidenced that the mass transfer between the oils-laden liquid CO ?? phase and the liquor phase was so slow that absorption alone controlled the overall extraction rate. The effect of co-solvent results in higher concentration of tea oils and increases with the amount of addition.本研究以自行設計之超臨界流體萃取實驗裝置，進行二氧化碳萃取包種烏龍茶， 並製成茶酒且探討濃度及萃取效率。內容含溫度、流速、吸收槽背壓、改性劑添加量諸效應 對於茶酒中可溶性成分及總濃度變化的影響。當壓力為 4500psig，溫度範圍為 25 ℃至 60 ℃時，萃出濃度隨溫度上昇而增大，顯示茶葉精油之蒸汽壓控制萃出濃度，但 80 ℃時，由 於二氧化碳密度下降，使得萃取效果降低。經實驗得知，較高流速下之茶葉精油萃出濃度較 佳，證明二氧化碳流速僅影響茶葉粉粒外部質傳阻力。改性劑添加量對茶葉精油的萃出率有 正面影響，且隨添加量增加而增大

渦輪噴射引擎之模擬與控制

渦輪噴射引擎的結構起初是非常簡單的,它是 由壓縮機,燃燒室,渦輪機及排氣噴嘴所組成;這些 引擎的控制系統大多為機械式且是利用傳統的單 變數控制理論設計的.當渦輪噴射引擎性能提高 的需求越大時,引擎與控制系統也就變得更複雜.從控制的觀點來看,一個現代化引擎是一個非線 性多變數系統,並且同時要完成幾個不同的控制 工作.由於這些特性,對於現代渦輪噴射引擎控制 器的設計而言,現代控制理論被認為是一種比較 好的方法.這個計畫最主要的目的即是應用現代 控制理論發展出一套引擎控制器的設計方法

Role Switching Techniques for Improving Throughput over Bluetooth Wireless Networks

[[abstract]]In Bluetooth radio system, a piconet consists of a master and at most 7 active slaves. A device that simultaneously participates more than one piconet is called relay. By sharing common relays, two or more piconets can construct a bigger connected network, called scatternet, providing the multi-hop services over Bluetooth networks. This paper presents distributed role switch techniques to dynamically swap the role of two devices. By adopting the role switching operations, the unnecessary relay and piconet can be dynamically removed so that the packet error rate could be improved, the guard slots could be saved, and the average routing length could be reduced. The proposed protocol is expected to improve the performance of data transmission for Bluetooth scatternet

以可再生吸附劑產製高回收率之藻類玉米黃素保眼原料

一種以可再生吸附劑產製高回收率之藻類玉米黃素保眼原料，尤特指以丙酮（或95%藥用乙醇）為溶劑進行超音波攪拌萃取，再經減壓濃縮後所得之超音波微藻萃取物；最後，再進行微藻超音波萃取，然後經過以PS100樹脂為吸附劑之管柱純化後，最後得到80%以上的回收率且純度在300mg/g至400mg/g之玉米黃素固態產物，為其特徵者

以添加共溶劑的超臨界流體分離濃縮微藻保健成分

一種以添加共溶劑的超臨界流體分離濃縮微藻保健成分，尤特指利用共溶劑修飾的超臨界流體萃提微藻的類葫蘿蔔素成份，主要是以預浸式及連續式添加不同比例乙醇共溶劑在超臨界二氧化碳中，所得微藻萃出物的結果顯示，乙醇的連續添加比例是影響微藻類葫蘿蔔素萃取效率與濃度的主要變因。如以350bar、323K及11.7wt%總乙醇添加比例的超臨界流體，每克萃取物中含有8.30毫克的總類葫蘿蔔素；但當乙醇添加比例達16.7%時，雖有較高的萃取效率74.7%，但是每克萃取物的類葫蘿蔔素量卻降至7.61毫克。顯示如要得到高萃取效率與高類葫蘿蔔素含量的微藻萃出物，乙醇的添加比例應有最適值

以添加共溶劑的超臨界流體分離濃縮微藻之類葫蘿蔔素的方法

一種以添加共溶劑的超臨界流體分離濃縮微藻之類葫蘿蔔素的方法，，以預浸式及連續式添加不同比例乙醇共溶劑在超臨界二氧化碳中，所得微藻萃出物的結果顯示，乙醇的連續添加比例是影響微藻類葫蘿蔔素萃取效率與濃度的主要變因。如以350bar、323K及11.7wt%總乙醇添加比例的超臨界流體，每克萃取物中含有8.30毫克的總類葫蘿蔔素；但當乙醇添加比例達16.7%時，雖有較高的萃取效率74.7%，但是每克萃取物的類葫蘿蔔素量卻降至7.61毫克。顯示如要得到高萃取效率與高類葫蘿蔔素含量的微藻萃出物，乙醇的添加比例應有最適值