未培养微生物研究的两种新技术及其寻找功能基因的应用

在微生物筛选过程中,99%的未培养微生物是用传统的方法无法分离的,这极大地限制了微生物生态领域中的多样性和利用生物资源等方面的研究.采用新技术成为研究未培养微生物的技术瓶颈.综述应用于未培养微生物的两种新技术——宏基因组和稳定同位素,探讨这两种新技术在寻找功能基因中的应用,特别是在生态环境中寻找功能微生物.探讨降解微生物及其功能基因对污染的生态环境进行的生物修复,为进一步研究微生物生态多样性及其功能基因的开发应用打下基础

Study on virtual animation technology of sheet metal bending

板料折弯成形是指把薄板材料弯成一定角度的加工方法。本文通过分析折弯机结构参数,基于OPEngl ES在WInCE的平台上建立了数控折弯成形仿真的可视化界面,实现了板料折弯成形的3d动态仿真。以树状结构为基础,结合干涉检测等影响板料折弯成形的工艺因素,探讨了板料折弯成形的工艺改进以及工序搜索方法,计算判断出可行的板料折弯成形工序,再由OPEngl ES直观显示板料折弯加工工艺信息。板料折弯成形试验表明,该方法可以实现快速、精确的板料折弯成形。Sheet metal bending is a method to bend the sheet metal with a certain angle.Through analysis of the structural parameters of bending machine and based on OpenGL ES,the visual interface of NC bending animation was established on the WinCE platform,and the3D dynamic animation of sheet metal bending was achieved.Based on tree structure,the forming process development and search method of sheet metal bending were discussed combinated with interference detection and some else factors affecting the forming process.And a feasible procedure of sheet metal bending was achieved,then the information of sheet metal bending procedure was showed with OpenGL ES.And the forming method of sheet metal bending can achieve accurate,rapid and precise sheet metal forming with field machining

卷积神经网络模型在儿科疾病预测中的应用

目的:针对儿童看病需求量大导致的儿科诊疗服务效率和准确率偏低等问题,利用自然语言处理和深度学习技术,从儿科历史病历数据中自动\"学习\"专家医生诊断模式,形成智能辅助诊断模型,从而对新的儿科病历数据输出疾病诊断决策。结果:基于深度卷积神经网络的七分类疾病智能诊断模型的正确率为84.26%,F1-score为84.33%,基本达到可投入实际应用的级别。结论:智能诊断决策作为预诊信息提供给医生进行确诊参考,对提升医生诊断速度效果明显。国家自然科学基金面上项目(编号:71571056);;福建省自然科学基金面上项目(编号:2012J01274)~

支撑应力对骨小梁分布的影响及股骨头坏死因素的研究

目的通过犬股骨颈骨折螺钉内固定模型的力学检测及组织学观察,从微观角度认识骨小梁重建对股骨头坏死的影响。方法选取18只成年田园犬制作成股骨颈骨折螺钉内固定模型,于造模后12周确认所有股骨颈骨折已愈合随机分为取钉组、取钉植骨组及不取钉组,于造模后20周分离所有犬的股骨并进行股骨颈力学测试及组织学观察。结果取钉组、取钉植骨组及不取钉组断裂点载荷、最大载荷差异有统计学意义(P0.05),不取钉组与取钉植骨组断裂点载荷大于取钉组;不取钉组最大载荷大于取钉植骨组与取钉组,取钉植骨组最大载荷大于取钉组。取钉组、取钉植骨组及不取钉组骨小梁宽度与新鲜骨面积差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不取钉组骨小梁宽度、新鲜骨面积大于取钉植骨组,且取钉植骨组大于取钉组。结论支撑应力的改变将导致骨小梁重新分布,骨小梁再分布是影响股骨头坏死塌陷的重要因素。福建省卫生系统中青年骨干人才培养项目(2014-ZQNJC-34

Isolation and Characterization of an Electricity-producing Strain Shewanella sp. S2 from Marine

以厦门白城海域的潮间带表面沉积物为菌种来源筛选得到一株具有电催化活性的菌株S2,该菌株的16S rrnA和gyrb基因发育树与SHEWAnEllA OnEIdEnSIS Mr-1同支,相似性分别为98.5%和87%,葡萄糖、木糖、半乳糖等碳源利用及最佳生长的nACl浓度与S.OnEIdEnSIS Mr-1有显著差别,因此初步鉴定为SHEWAnEllA属菌株,命名为SHEWAnEllA SP.S2。初步研究了菌株S2产电活性,在以乳酸作为碳源产电时,电压最高为150MV,相应的电流密度为66.1MA/M2。A new electrochemically active bacterium (exoelectrogen),strain S2,was isolated from coastal marine sediments of Xiamen.The phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA and gyrB gene sequences showed that strain S2 formed a lineage within the genus Shewanella and had high similarity (98.5% and 87.0%,respectively) with strain S.oneidensis MR-1.The phenotypic characteristics indicated strain S2 could be distinguished easily from S.oneidensis MR-1 by its culture conditions such as pH,NaCl tolerance and carbon source utilization.Based on these results,it is identified as Shewanella sp.S2.The preliminary current generation experiments showed that S2 could use lactate and xylose for electricity production.When lactate was used as a fuel,the MFC had highest voltage (150 mV) and current density (66.1 mA/m2).中国大洋协会项目(No.DYXM-115-02-2-15

Heat Dissipation Modeling Research of High Power LED Spot Lamp for Lighting

散热问题是lEd灯具成为新一代照明光源亟待解决的关键问题之一。提出一种lEd灯具散热建模方法:选用lEd射灯作为代表产品进行散热建模研究,采用三维造型软件建立lEd灯具产品三维模型,然后导入有限元流体热分析软件(Cfd)进行热仿真。研究散热仿真过程中的热阻设置、热量载荷计算和边界条件设定等关键问题,并求解lEd射灯的工作温度分布情况;将仿真分析结果与实验室测试数据进行对比分析研究。研究结果表明,运用该方法可以对室内照明lEd灯具进行较为准确的散热分析,仿真温度误差在4℃左右,仿真结果对灯具开发设计具有重要参考价值。Heat dissipation is one of the key problems need to be solved for LED lamps as a new generation of lighting light.A heat dissipation modeling method was presented for the LED lamp.The LED spot lamp was selected for dissipative research,3D models were established by modeling softwares,then the models were transferred into finite element thermal analysis software(CFD) for simulation.Several key aspects such as thermal resistance setting,heat load calculation and boundary conditions were considered in the analysis process,and the simulation result was compared with laboratory test data.The results show that the method can be used for accurate thermal analysis simulation of indoor LED lighting,with the temperature error less than 4 ℃,and the simulation result is of a great reference value for lighting design.国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAE01B10); 国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)资助项目(2011AA03A109

补骨颗粒含药血清对大鼠软骨细胞凋亡及Trx2信号通路的影响

目的观察补骨颗粒含药血清对体外培养的大鼠膝关节软骨细胞凋亡及对Trx2、ASK1及Caspase3表达的影响,从而探讨补骨颗粒预防骨性关节炎发生发展的作用机制。方法采用两步酶消化法分离培养大鼠软骨细胞,并进行传代培养。应用膜联蛋白V-FITC/PI染色后经流式细胞仪检测软骨细胞的凋亡情况。同时,通过电泳分离蛋白并通过蛋白质印迹分析Trx2、ASK1及Caspase3的表达情况。结果软骨细胞培养15 d左右铺满80%～90%的培养皿,大部分细胞呈梭形。流式细胞检测结果显示空白血清组的细胞凋亡率为22.80%,明显高于含药血清组(P<0.05),而20%含药血清组(15.91%)与30%含药血清组(17.93%)的细胞凋亡率又明显低于10%含药血清组(21.58%),各组间比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。蛋白质印迹分析结果显示含药血清组Trx2的表达量都明显增多,以10%含药血清组的表达量最多;空白组与10%含药血清组的ASK1与Caspase3的表达量比20%与30%含药血清组多。结论补骨颗粒可以通过激活Trx2信号通路而抑制软骨细胞的凋亡,从而起到预防骨性关节炎发生发展的作用

Isolation and Characterization of an Electricity-producing Strain Shewanella sp. S2 from Marine

通讯作者：[email protected][中文文摘]以厦门白城海域的潮间带表面沉积物为菌种来源筛选得到一株具有电催化活性的菌株S2,该菌株的16S rRNA和gyrB基因发育树与Shewanella oneidensis MR-1同支,相似性分别为98.5%和87%,葡萄糖、木糖、半乳糖等碳源利用及最佳生长的NaCl浓度与S.oneidensis MR-1有显著差别,因此初步鉴定为Shewanella属菌株,命名为Shewanella sp.S2。初步研究了菌株S2产电活性,在以乳酸作为碳源产电时,电压最高为150mV,相应的电流密度为66.1mA/m2。 [英文文摘]A new electrochemically active bacterium (exoelectrogen), strain S2, was isolated from coastal marine sediments of Xiamen. The phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA and gyrB gene sequences showed that strain S2 formed a lineage within the genus Shewanella and had high similarity (98.5% and 87.0%, respectively) with strain S. oneidensis MR-1. The phenotypic characteristics indicated strain S2 could be distinguished easily from S. oneidensis MR-1 by its culture conditions such as pH, NaCl tolerance and carbon source utilization. Based on these results, it is identified as Shewanella sp. S2. The preliminary current generation experiments showed that S2 could use lactate and xylose for electricity production. When lactate was used as a fuel, the MFC had highest voltage (150 mV) and current density (66.1 mA/m2).中国大洋协会项目(No.DYXM-115-02-2-15

中国式学科评估:问题与出路

今年四月份,教育部学位与研究生教育发展中心(以下简称"教育部学位中心")邀请全国学位授予单位参加全国第四轮一级学科整体水平评估。随之,各个高校展开了一场大规模、高级别的学科评估申报及材料提交总动员。第四轮学科评估自发布起也引发了学界的广泛关注和热烈讨论。高等教育是中国崛起的思想发动机,关涉民族复兴的未来,而学科评估是近年来中国高等教育学科建设成就的集中展示,其意义和影响可谓深远。为了更好推进学科评估科学进行,特别是促进高等教育健康发展,《探索与争鸣》编辑部邀请全国