Costal zone eco-environmental problems and their mitigation countermeasures in China

海岸带是陆海交互作用的地带 ,是全球变化研究的重要组成部分 ;同时人类活动对海岸带的环境变迁又有着举足轻重的影响。本文综述了影响我国海岸带生态环境变迁的 10个重要的环境问题 ,并提出了应对海岸带生态环境退化的 6种调控对策 ,其中实行一体化的海岸带综合管理体制是实现海岸带可持续发展的最重要的对策之一Costal zone, the interface between the land and the sea, is of great socio-economic and environmental significance and is one of important components of global change study. However, human being's activities have crucial effects on the coastal zone due to the increasing pollutant discharge and resources utilization. In this paper, ten important problems influencing the health of China coastal ecosystem are reviewed briefly and six mitigating countermeasures dealing with the degradation of coastal zone are suggested, including the integrated coastal zone management that is essential to the sustainable development of costal zone

含氯消毒剂杀灭船舶压舱水中3种优势赤潮藻种的实验研究

〔目的〕研究含氯消毒剂在实验室水平对船舶压舱水中赤潮藻的杀灭效果,为现场实验提供理论依据。〔方法〕通过测定叶绿素a的含量,比较药物作用前后的藻细胞数量,反映药物对试验藻种的量效和时效关系。〔结果〕药物浓度、作用时间与杀灭效果呈现正相关趋势,但较高的作用浓度决定了高昂的投药成本和潜在的环境代价。〔结论〕含氯消毒剂不宜单独用于杀灭压舱水中的赤潮藻类,可以考虑作为压舱水综合处理体系中的高层次处理方法

Synergistic EFFect of the Oxidation of Formic Acid at Polyaniline Electrodes ModiFied by Palladium Microparticles

Electrochemical oxidation of Formic acid on PAN(Pd) electrode has been studied using conventional electrochemical tecdriques and the electrochemical in-situ FTIR.The process of electrochemical oxidation of PAN(Pd) electorde has been put Forward.The kinetic parameters of diFFerent thickness of PAN Film such as diFFision coeFFicient (D0) and reaction rate constant(k0) have been calculated.Furthermore, the causes of the diFFerence between PAN(Pd) and pure Pd(or Pt) electrodes as well as the high electrocatalytic activation of PAN(Pd) electrode For oxidation of Fomic acid have also been discussed.The high catalytic activation of PAN(Pd) electrode For oxidation of Formic acid probably comes From the synergistic eFFect of the subcatalytic interaction of PAN and the catalytic interaction of the palladium microparticles.国家教委基

Gold Electrodeposition on Microelectrodes

本工作利用循环伏安法和阶跃电位法研究在ＡｕＣｌ３的酸性溶液中金在玻碳和铂微电极上的电沉积行为．结果表明，金在微电极上成核所需的过电位较高，但成核几率也高，在所研究的微电极尺寸范围内，金可形成大量的临界单核，且核的生长速率很快．铂微电极上金电沉积的Ⅰ－ｔ曲线符合连续成核的模式．玻碳微电极的沉积历史对金的电沉积行为的影响较大，可以加速金的成核和生长，而铂却没有这种影响．The initial stage electrodeposition behaviors of gold onto glassy carbon and platinum microelectrodes are studied in an acid solution containing AuCl_3using cyclic voltammetry and potential step techniques. The results suggest that gold nucleation on microelectrodes requires a higher driving force with high probability. Within the range of the microelectrode dimension that have been used in the present work, large amount of gold nucleus could be formed at short time scale at overpotentials higher than a threshole value. The It curves from the platinum microelectrode are in consistence with the continuous nucleation model. It has been found that the deosition history of the glassy carbon microelectrode substrate has strong influences on subsequent electrodeposition behavior while the platinum microelectrode does not show such effects.作者联系地址：江西师范大学化学系,厦门大学固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室Author's Address: Dept. of Chem., Jiangxi Normal Univ., Nanchang 330027Shi Caihui Li Xiaoqni Mao Beigwei*State Kay Lab. for Phy. Chem. of Solid Suface, Inst. of Phy. Chem., Chem. Dept., Xiamen Univ., Xiamen 36100

A Preliminary Study of Electrochemically Amplified Measurement of Gold Electrodeposition

金电沉积过程的电化学放大测量的初步研究毛秉伟，施财辉，李筱琴，熊丽华（厦门大学固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室，化学系，厦门３６１００５）在金属电沉积过程的基础研究中，人们通常以测量电流－时间关系判断电沉积初始阶段的成核行为和速率．由于普通电极的尺寸（...Gold electrodeposition onto a glassy carbon microelectrode is studied using an electrochemical amplification method. Taking the advantage that the electrochemical reduction of K2Cr2O7 has significantly higher reaction activity on gold electrode than carbon electrede,it is tentatively used to amplify the gold electredeposition current.The results show that there is a marked increase in current of gold electrodeposition in presence of K2Cr2O7 in comparison with that absent of K2Cr2O7.The electrochemical amplification method can be applied to study the electrodeposition of very in intial stage by choosing proper systems and improving experimental conditions.作者联系地址：厦门大学固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室Author's Address: State Key Labratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces,Department of Chemistry,Xiamen University,Xiamen 36100

Biological Effects of Peptide Powder from Crocodylus siamensis

通信作者:[email protected][中文文摘]在获得暹罗鳄(Crocodylus siamensis)多肽粉的基础上,进一步研究了暹罗鳄多肽粉对羟基自由基(.OH)、超氧阴离子自由基(O2-.)和1,1-二苯基-2-苦苯肼自由基(DPPH)的清除作用以及总还原力,以揭示其抗氧化能力.同时研究了暹罗鳄多肽粉对酪氨酸酶活性抑制作用.结果显示,暹罗鳄多肽粉具有较强的抗氧化、清除自由基作用,其总还原力与暹罗鳄多肽粉含量呈正相关,对.OH、O2-.和DPPH的半清除浓度HSC50分别为1.2,2.1和6.5mg/mL.暹罗鳄多肽粉对酪氨酸酶活力有明显的抑制作用,其IC50为6.60mg/mL.结果表明,暹罗鳄多肽粉具有一定的生物学功效,是一种天然的保健品.[英文文摘]In the previous study,we had reported that peptide powder from Crocodylus siamensis was prepared using the enzymatic catalysis of trypsin.In this paper,the effects of this peptide powder on the scavenging ·OH,O2-·,and DPPH,and its total reducing power were further investigated to reveal the antioxidation.Inhibitory effect on mushroom tyrosinase of the peptide powder was also studied.The results showed that the peptide powder had a strong antioxidant activity,with its half scavenging concentration to ·OH,O2-.and DPPH being 1.2,2.1,and 6.5mg/mL,respectively,and there was a positive correlation between the reducing power and its concentration.The peptide powder could strongly inhibit the biphenolase activity of mushroom tyrosinase,and the value of IC 50 was determined to be 6.60mg/mL.our results indicate that peptide powder from C.siamensis is a natural health product,and has some potential properties in anti-fatigue and anti-aging.国家基础科学人才培养基金项目(J1030626); 厦门市科技计划项目(3502Z20103008