45 research outputs found
Analysis and Research on Moisture Detection System in Cigarette Processing Process
在卷烟制造过程中,制丝线在线水分仪是控制制丝加工过程质量稳定、提高加工过程精度的关键检测控制仪器。制丝加工过程质量的判定离不开水分检测系统的完善,可以说,水分检测系统的好坏直接决定了制丝加工质量的优劣。然而,现阶段烟草行业在工艺质量水分检测系统的构建上却仍存在许多不足之处: 各卷烟生产企业对水分工艺指标没有统一的数据采集处理规则,企业内部不同生产点之间存在差异,同一生产点不同生产线存在差异,同一生产线不同水分检测点也存在差异,不同生产线同一水分检测位点也存在差异。这些差异一方面令企业无法准确对生产过程稳定性及加工质量进行准确评价、考核,同时会引起企业内部,甚至整个行业对水分等测试数据无法进行...In the process of cigarette manufacturing, the primary processing line on-line moisture meter is the key detecting and controlling instrument to control the quality stability of the silk processing procedure and improve the precision of the processing procedure. The determination of the quality of the cigarette processing process cannot be separated from the moisture detection system. It can be sa...学位:工学硕士院系专业:物理与机电工程学院_工程硕士(仪器仪表工程)学号:X201118204
Studies on chromosome karyotype,Ag-NORs and C-banding patterns of Lutjanus sebae
实验采用植物血凝素、秋水仙碱腹腔注射,肾细胞直接制片法分析了川纹笛鲷luTJAnuS SEbAE染色体核型、Ag-nOrS和C-带。结果表明:1)川纹笛鲷二倍体染色体数2n=48,核型公式为:2n=48T,nf=48;在第1对染色体靠近着丝粒部位有明显的次缢痕。2)染色体经快速银染后,Ag-nOrS的数目在不同细胞中表现出多态性,数目1—4个,2个Ag-nOrS的频率最高(占79%)。在分裂相中,第1对T染色体近着丝粒的次缢痕区均出现2个银染位点(Ag-nOrS阳性),且未见Ag-nOrS的联合现象。3)大多数染色体的着丝粒区显示出1个深浅不同的C-带,在第1对染色体的随体区域分布有大量的结构异染色质,表现C-带强阳性。讨论了鱼类核型演化规律和Ag-nOrS、C-带的发生机制,以及川纹笛鲷的进化地位。Studies on karyotype,Ag-NORs,and C-banding of Lutjanus sebae were performed.The chromosomes were re-ceived from the head kidney by using a method of injecting with PHA and colchicines,air drying,and Giemsa staining.The results were as follows.1) The karyotypic formula of L.sebae was 2n=48t,NF=48.Meanwhile,a pair of chromosomes,with secondary constriction near the centromere,was found on chromosome 1.2) The Ag-NORs polymorphisms were individually specific in this fish.The silver staining pots were 1-4,and the number of Ag-NORs was mainly 2(79%).A pair of nucleolar organizer regions was observed on the secondary constriction of chromosome 1,and no Ag-NORs combination was found.3) Centromeres of most chromosomes were C-bandings positive,and heterochromatin was detected at the satellite zone of chro-mosome 1.Thus,we discussed the evolution of karyotype,the developing mechanism of Ag-NORs,and C-bandings for fish.The phylogenetic condition of L.sebae was evaluated as well.国家自然科学基金项目(30070595);国家“863”计划项目(2006AA10A414
氟苯尼考在日本囊对虾体内的药代动力学研究
为了给养殖日本囊对虾制定正确的用药方案、确定氟苯尼考的休药期提供科学依据,应用反相高效液相色谱法(rP-HPlC)研究了氟苯尼考在日本囊对虾体内的药物代谢动力学。试验结果表明,在水温23±0.5℃,盐度29.91的条件下,氟苯尼考在肝脏、肌肉和血淋巴的平均回收率为93.37%、91.79%、91.82%;试验数据经药代动力学软件3P97分析表明,日本囊对虾采用氟苯尼考单次腹部肌肉注射,其肌肉药—时数据符合二室模型,肝脏和血淋巴药—时数据符合一室模型。其中,氟苯尼考在肝脏、肌肉和血淋巴中的主要动力学参数分别为:浓度—时间曲线的曲线下面积AuC分别为10.315、0.77、14.33(μg/g).H;药物的峰值浓度C(MAX)分别为13.03、10.46、8.031μg/g;药物浓度处于峰值时的时间TP分别为0.2044、0.22980、.6544 H;吸收半衰期分别为0.67710、.4746、0.4193 H;消除半衰期分别为3.766、16.16、4.917 H。建议在23±0.5℃的水温条件下,氟苯尼考对日本囊对虾的休药期不少于7 d。山东省高等学校优秀青年教师国内访问学者项目;公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200803012)资
Comparison of gene frequencies of 15 STR loci between patients with primary gastric adencarcinomas and the unrelated locals from Xiamen
目的比较15个短串联重复序列(STR)基因座基因频率在原发性胃腺癌患者和厦门地区正常人群中的分布,推测与胃腺癌相关的基因。方法123份血样采自本地区无癌家族史的健康人群,39份血样采自本地区胃腺癌患者。用聚合酶链反应(PCR)复合扩增结合四色荧光检测方法对血样DNA进行基因型分析,调查本地区健康人群和胃腺癌患者人群的基因频率分布,并根据两者的该15个基因座等位基因频率分布的差异性,推测易感连锁和抗性连锁的等位基因。结果厦门地区胃腺癌患者的TH01、vWA和FAG基因座的等位基因的分布与该地区健康人群比较差异有统计学意义(P<0·01)。在个别等位基因比较中,胃腺癌人群TH01-7的基因频率为0·0385,健康人群TH01-7的基因频率为0·2642,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0·01),相对危险度(RR)=0·1115;胃腺癌人群vWA-15基因频率0·0513,健康人群vWA-15的基因频率0·2927,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0·01),RR=0·1307;胃腺癌人群FAG-18的基因频率为0·1026,健康人群FAG-18的基因频率为0·0163,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0·01),RR=6·8998。结论TH01-7与胃腺癌相关联,其附近可能存在胃腺癌抗性基因;vWA-15附近有可能存在与胃腺癌相关的抗性基因;FAG-18与胃腺癌相关联,其附近可能存在胃腺癌易感基因。Objective To compare the gene frequencies of 15 STR loci between patients with primary gastric adencarcinomas and the unrelated locals from Xiamen in order to search for the genes correlated to the gastric adencarcinomas.Methods The control group consisted of 123 unrelated locals and the testing group was composed of 39 gastric adencarcinomas suffers. All genotypes of the sample DNA were analyzed by gene scan technology and multiplex PCR method with 4-colored fluorescence-labeled primers. All the polymorphic alleles of these 15 STR loci in unrelated healthy locals and patients with primary gastric adencarcinomas had been investigated. The sensitive or resistant genetic factors were inferred according to the statistical difference with distribution of allele frequencies.Results It showed that there were statistic differences (P<0.01)between controls and testing groups in allele frequencies of the three loci: TH01, vWA and FAG. The further exploration of the separated locus revealed that the gene frequency of TH01-7 in the gastric adencarcinomas suffers was 0.0385,but 0.2642 in the control group[P<0.01 and relative risk(RR)=0.1115];the gene frequency of vWA-15 in the gastric adencarcinomas suffers was 0.0513,but 0.2927 in the control group(P<0.01 and RR=0.1307);the gene frequency of FAG-18 in the gastric adencarcinomas suffers was 0.1026,but 0.0163 in the control group(P<0.01 and RR= 6.8998). Conclusions It is very possible that TH01 alleles may be associated with gastric adencarcinomas and it is possible that there is a resistant gene to gastric adencarcinomas near the region of TH01-7 locus; there is a resistant gene of gastric adencarcinomas near the region of vWA-15 locus; FAG alleles may be associated with gastric adencarcinomas and perhaps there is a sensitive gene of gastric adencarcinomas near FAG-18 locus
Genetic Diversity and Family-Based Selective Breeding of Marsupenaeus japonicas
日本囊对虾(Marsupenaeusjaponicus)广泛分布于印度—西太平洋海域,我国的东海和南海均有分布。根据头胸甲条纹的形态特征来分,日本囊对虾存在2种不同形态的差异体。本文通过采集中国沿海日本囊对虾野生群体,从形态和DNA水平探讨我国沿海日本囊对虾的遗传多样性,并对分别属于日本囊对虾2种差异体的2个地理种群进行WSSV肌肉注射感染实验,研究日本囊对虾2种差异体感染WSSV之后相关免疫指标的变化。另外,从野生日本囊对虾挑选活力好、性腺发育良好、已交配和无携带WSSV的雌虾,构建家系,比较不同家系在室内人工养殖条件下的生长特性和人工感染WSSV后的存活状况,主要研究结果如下: (1)通...Kuruma shrimp Marsupenaeus japonicus is a widely distributed species throughout the Indo-West Pacific, and is found in the coast of the South China Sea and the East China Sea. Two varieties of M. japonicus were recognized in previous study and these two varieties were characterized by diagnostic color banding patterns on the carapace. In this study, the genetic diversity of M. japonicas in coastal...学位:理学博士院系专业:海洋与环境学院海洋学系_海洋生物学学号:2242008015011
タンパク質の細胞内導入を促進する新しい方法論の開発
京都大学0048新制・課程博士博士(薬学)甲第16768号薬博第755号新制||薬||232(附属図書館)29443京都大学大学院薬学研究科生命薬科学専攻(主査)教授 二木 史朗, 教授 髙倉 喜信, 教授 松﨑 勝巳学位規則第4条第1項該当Doctor of Pharmaceutical SciencesKyoto UniversityDA
微波產品之研究-以鐿鈦科技股份有限公司為例
[[abstract]]在大公司的現場實習,雖然我只是個小小半成品測試的作業人員,但在廠內的作業員必須都要具備生產效率高、專注力集中、反應速度能力快和隨時保持良好的工作態度,如果你的作業速度太慢會影響到廠內每個工作站的作業,導致出貨時間不能準時,就會被客人投訴,專注力集中是避免自己在作業過程中出錯,只要不小心出一點錯,又沒有被檢查出來,會讓產品的品質下降,有可能讓整批產品被客人退貨,會特別提到反應力是因為在作業過程中,遇到有問題的事物你該怎麼處理,怎麼應對,其實真的需要靠個人反應能力,不過我覺得最重要的是工作態度,工作態度的好壞會完全影響到主管、同事怎麼看待你
[[alternative]]A study on EU-China trade dispute
碩士[[abstract]]中國與歐盟經貿關係緊密,歐盟目前已成為中國最大的貿易夥伴,中國亦為歐盟的第二大貿易夥伴,彼此在雙邊經貿關係中都扮演重要角色。中歐除了經貿關係外,外交關係亦相當良好,中國與歐盟每年皆舉行一次歐盟執委會、歐盟主席國與中國領導人的高峰會議,並定期舉辦宏觀經濟管理對話。但即使中國與歐盟具有良好的經濟與政治關係,歐盟作為中國最大的貿易夥伴,卻也是對中國發起反傾銷措施最多的世貿組織成員之一,此項結果或許表示歐盟對中國的貿易逆差感到不安。
中國與歐盟即使同為WTO會員國,但中國與歐盟的資源稟賦與比較優勢不同,因此當中國挾帶低成本優勢影響歐盟市場時,造成巨額的中歐商品貿易逆差,進而延伸出中歐貿易摩擦。中歐貿易摩擦涉及的產業廣泛,同時也多以歐盟為起訴方,面對使用貿易保護措施遊刃有餘的歐盟,中國在考量自身利益後也大多在中歐雙邊架構下解決。
歐盟對中國所實施的貿易保護措施對中國產業競爭力影響甚大,中國在面對歐盟的反傾銷或進口防衛指控時,又經常敗訴。本文試圖藉由探討中國與歐盟的反傾銷與進口防衛措施的現況,找出中國與歐盟在處理貿易糾紛時的選擇方式,藉此找出中歐貿易摩擦的最佳解決方式。[[abstract]]The EU is China’s second largest trade partner, with China being the EU’s largest partner. Apart from regular political, trade and economic dialogue meetings, there are over 24 sectoral dialogues and agreements ranging from environmental protection to industrial policy to education and culture. Although EU and China have close political and trading relation , the great amount of exportations from China to the EU made major impact to the EU industries. The EU is the earliest to establish anti-dumping measures against China , as exportations are seriously affected in China. It might present that EU is alert with China’s trade surplus with EU.
While EU and China are members of WTO , China affected the European market with better bargain power. With this powerful competitive advantage, China could reach trading surplus and also cause serious trade dispute problems with EU easily. EU ,as the pioneer in using trading protection measures, has already caused a pressure to China. To face this powerful trade partner, China chooses bilateral way to settle the disputes, after concerned with current international situation.
This research is trying to find the best way to solving EU and China’s dispute, by discussing current bilateral trade relation ,dispute settlement regime and it’s potential impacts of EU and China. The review of related cases and incidents in this study will provide the EU and China government and domestic industries an important reference to trading and negotiating with each others.[[tableofcontents]]目錄
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究動機與目的 1
第二節 研究方法 4
第三節 研究範圍與限制 5
第四節 研究架構與章節安排 7
第二章 中國與歐盟貿易摩擦的總體分析 10
第一節 中國與歐盟貿易概況與貿易摩擦 10
第二節 歐盟反傾銷法內容分析 20
第三節 中國反傾銷法之分析 29
第四節 中國與歐盟反傾銷與防衛措施糾紛研究 36
第三章 中國與歐盟在多邊、雙邊貿易糾紛解決機制 48
第一節 WTO架構下的爭端解決機制 48
第二節 中國處理雙邊貿易糾紛的解決機制 53
第三節 歐盟處理雙邊貿易糾紛的解決機制 62
第四節 中歐、中美處理雙邊貿易糾紛的情況 68
第四章 個案分析 74
第一節 中歐鋼鐵緊固件(螺絲、螺帽)案 74
第二節 中歐鞋靴案 89
第三節 中歐紡織品與成衣貿易爭端案例 96
第五章 結論 104
第一節 研究發現 104
第二節 未來展望 109
參考文獻 111
圖目錄
圖1- 1 研究架構圖 7
圖2- 1 2007年 歐盟自中國進口類別佔比 12
圖2- 2 2007年 中國自歐盟進口類別佔比 14
圖3- 1 WTO 爭端解決程序流程圖 52
圖3- 2中國反傾銷案件流程 53
圖3- 3歐盟反傾銷案件流程 62
圖3- 4歐盟反傾銷程序行政機構裁決表 65
圖3- 5歐盟反傾銷涉案出口國之類別與認定正常價格之流程圖 67
表1- 1中國前10位貿易夥伴 1
表2- 1 2007年中國與歐盟前十大貿易伙伴 10
表2- 2歐盟與中國2003年至2007年商品貿易出口額(單位:10億歐元) 11
表2- 3 EU 歐盟與中國進出口主要類別貿易額(單位:10億歐元) 13
表2- 4 2007年歐盟與世界、中國貿易順逆差項目類別表(單位:10億歐元) 16
表2- 5 2007年歐盟反傾銷新調查案件 18
表3- 1中國加入WTO後,中國經DSB介入解決之爭端案例表-中國為投訴方 70
表3- 2中國-歐盟,經DSB介入解決之爭端案例表-歐盟為投訴方 72
表4- 1中國廠商傾銷差額一覽表 77
表4- 2歐盟會員國緊固件產品的消耗量 78
表4- 3自中國進口之緊固件量與中國市佔率 79
表4- 4歐盟自中國進口之緊固件產品價格 79
表4- 5歐盟會員國緊固件產業之產量、產能與產能使用率 80
表4- 6歐盟緊固件產業之銷售額、銷售量、市佔率 80
表4- 7經採樣後歐盟緊固件產業之獲利率與現金流量表 81
表4- 8經採樣後歐盟產業之機器設備投資額 82
表4- 9經採樣後歐盟產業之投資報酬率 82
表4- 10歐盟緊固件產業之雇員與產能 82
表4- 11歐盟緊固件產業員工之工資 83
表4- 12中國緊固件廠商損害程度表 85
表4- 13中國緊固件廠商被判定之反傾銷稅率表 86
表4- 14 MET待遇廠商(Golden Step)與非MET待遇廠商之價格估算比較 90
表4- 15中國與越南之傾銷差額與損害差額 91[[note]]學號: 696280121, 學年度: 9
