渤海海峡跨海通道工程论证的初步研究

渤海海峡跨海通道工程以鲁东大学为代表的众多专家已研究、论证20 余年。工程建设意向方案有三:利用庙岛群岛作为桥墩的桥梁方案、南桥北隧方案、全海底隧道方案。笔者上世纪80 年代参与过胶州湾青黄通道论证,关注过渤海海峡跨海通道工程,并有机会考察国内外多个大型跨海通道工程。根据积累的经验,将渤海海峡跨海通道与胶州湾青黄通道做一些对比,得出的基本认识:桥梁易受气象、海洋环境影响和战争破坏,不赞同这种方案;桥隧方案与桥梁方案一样,只不过桥的距离短一些;若工程上马的话,建设全程海底电气化铁路隧道为宜。通道地处郯庐大断裂东侧约40 km,海区NE、NW 两组断裂发育,处在活动强震区内,对跨海通道工程会产生严重不良影响。我们需要从地震地质、工程抗震、海洋、气象等自然环境等多方面、多角度进行深入细致的研究和长期监测,结合社会、经济需求,充分论证后做出决策

Effects of Salinity on Na~+-K~+-ATPase Activity in Gills,and Concentrations of Ions and Hormones in Serum of Juvenile Turbot(Scophthalmus maximus)

采用饲养试验方法,研究了平均体质量为(7.16±0.07)g的大菱鲆(SCOPHTHAlMuS MAXIMuS)幼鱼分别在盐度12、18、24、30和36下饲养60 d后,其鳃nA+-k+-ATPASE活力、血清离子浓度、生长激素(gH)、皮质醇激素(COr)、特定生长率(Sgr)和饲料效率(fCE)的变化。结果表明:幼鱼鳃nA+-k+-ATPASE活力、血清nA+浓度均随盐度的升高而上升,分别在3.48~8.30 u/Mg和169.99~180.00 MMOl/l之间,其中12盐度组最低,36盐度组最高。幼鱼血清中k+和Cl-浓度分别在2.20~3.47 MMOl/l和136.67~142.00 MMOl/l之间,各盐度组之间差异不显著。幼鱼血清中gH和COr浓度分别在0.41~1.66 ng/Ml和35.33~76.41 ng/Ml之间;其中gH在36盐度组最高,12盐度组最低,而COr在12盐度组最高,36盐度组最低。幼鱼Sgr和fCE分别在(1.45~2.00)%/d和1.12%~1.38%之间,与盐度的相关性不显著,两者均为12盐度组最低。由此可见,盐度变化显著影响大菱鲆幼鱼鳃nA+-k+-ATPASE活力、血清nA+浓度和激素含量。本研究对大菱鲆养殖生理生态条件分析具有重要参考意义,研究结果可为大菱鲆养殖的盐度选择提供理论依据。The Na+-K+-ATPase activity in gill,concentrations of ions and hormones in serum,and specific growth rate and feed conversion efficiency of juvenile turbots( Scophthalmus maximus)( body weight of 7.16 ±0.07 g),which have been reared at salinities 12,18,24,30 and 36 for 60 days,were investigated.The results showed that Na+-K+-ATPase activity and Na+concentration were 3.48- 8.30 U /mg and 169.99-180.00 mmol /L,respectively,and their levels increased with the rise of water salinity.The highest values were observed at salinity 36,and lowest ones at salinity 12.The Na+-K+-ATPase activity and Na+concentration inthe fish reared at salinity 12 were significantly lower than those in the control( P 0.05).Growth hormone and cortisol levels were 0.41- 1.66 and35.33- 76.41 ng /ml,respectively.Growth hormone level was the lowest in the fish reared at salinity 12,and the highest at salinity 36,both of which had significant difference compared to that of the control( P 0.05).Specific growth rate and feed conversion efficiency were( 1.45-2.00) % /day and 1.12%- 1.38%,respectively.Although both were the lowest at salinity 12,they were not significantly correlative with salinity.Thus,the results indicate that the changes in salinity could have significant impacts on Na+-K+-ATPase activity in gill,concentrations of Na+,growth hormone and cortisol in serum of juvenile turbots.The results provide important reference for salinity selection in turbot mariculture.现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(No.CARS-50

Construction of SSH library from haemocyte of variously colored abalone challenged with bacteria and differential expression analysis of macrophage expressed protein

以雌性杂色鲍为对象,以大肠杆菌、副溶血弧菌、溶壁微球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌的混悬液做为攻毒菌,利用抑制性差减杂交(SSH)技术构建细菌攻毒的杂色鲍血淋巴细胞SSHcDNA文库。随机挑取生长菌落110个克隆子,进行菌液PCR鉴定,计算文库重组率为98.18%,文库容量为1.37×106pfu。将重组子测序,经BLAST一致性搜索比对分析,有一重组片段含有穿孔素(Perforin)保守结构域,为巨噬细胞表达蛋白(MEP)类穿孔素部分cDNA序列,片段大小为1551bp,连续编码517个氨基酸残基,申请GenBank登录号为EU272049。经半定量PCR和荧光定量PCR差异显示分析,发现在细菌感染状态下MEP基因在血淋巴细胞中存在明显的上调表达现象。Abalones are considered to be the most precious delicacy from the sea, and become very important commercial seafood in aquaculture worldwide. Variously colored abalone (Haliotis diversicolor Reeve, 1846) has been widely cultured on the southeast coast for more than twenty years. However, abalone culture frequently suffers from bacterial infection and mass mortality of reared abalones causes serious economic losses. Unfortunately, knowledge of the defense mechanism in this animal is still lacking. In this study, using suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) technology, a forward SSH li-brary was constructed from haemocytes of H. diversicolor, with the content of 1.37×106 pfu and the recombinant rate of98.18%. After the recombinant plasmids were sequenced, partial cDNA of macrophage expressed protein (MEP) was recognized based on BLAST searches in NCBI, with the size of 1 551 bp, and continuously encoding 517 amino acids. Semi-quantitative PCR and quantitative real-time PCR results showed that MEP cDNA was distinctly up-regulated in haemocytes of the bacterial-challenged group compared to the unchallenged group. The gene information obtained from this library will provide new insights into the immune mechanism of H. diversicolor and facilitate future study of target genes involved in the response to invading microorganisms.国家高技术研究发展计划项目(863计划)(编号:2007AA091406)资助~

国内EPA及DHA研究现状和发展趋势

本文对国内有关EPA（Eicosapentaenoicacid）及DHA（Docosahexaenoicacid）的特性、分离纯化方法及应用等研究现状进行了评述，并指出了与国际发达国家的差距，提出了今后工作的建议

气固流化床中侧向射流穿透深度的研究

本文以小米和两种硅胶为物料，在314×25mm的二维射流流化床中，用摄像法研究侧向射流穿透深度，并得到了关联式，误差小于25％．当射流倾角变化范围不大、并忽略射流位置的影响时，可以得到简化公式，误差小于40％使用基于对流体模型的计算机程序进行模拟，分析了射流产生的机理，研究了射流气速、直径、倾角和位置对射流穿透深度的影响．模拟值和实验值较吻合