Research into Information of Education in Schools of Physically Handicapped Children -Information Sharing to Use the PC and Campus LAN-

肢体不自由養護学校中学部に在籍して、知的障害教育代替の教育課程で教育を受けている生徒の中で、適切な支援を受けることでパソコンが利用できる者を対象とした。彼らのパソコン利用を促進するために、障害に合わせたパソコンの設定変更の方法や、車いすや入力機器などをセッティングする様子をビデオ映像として、パソコン再生用ファイルに変換してサーバーに置き、校内LANにより共有するというモデルを想定した。本研究では、全国の肢体不自由養護学校を対象に、このモデルのような情報共有方法が、学校現場でどの程度実施されているのか、また、その基盤となる校内LANの整備状況について調査した

A pre-screened and normalized multiple endmember spectral mixture analysis for mapping impervious surface area in Lake Kasumigaura Basin, Japan

The impervious surface area (ISA) has emerged not only as an indicator of the degree of urbanization, but also as a major indicator of environmental quality for drainage basin management. However, since almost all of the methods for estimating ISA have been developed for urban environments, it is questionable whether these methods can be successfully applied to drainage basins, such as those found in Japan, which usually have more complicated vegetation components (e.g. paddy field, plowed field and dense forest). This paper presents a pre-screened and normalized multiple endmember spectral mixture analysis (PNMESMA) method, which includes a new endmember selection strategy and an integration of the normalized spectral mixture analysis (NSMA) and multiple endmember spectral mixture analysis (MESMA), for estimating the ISA fraction in Lake Kasumigaura Basin, Japan. This new proposed method is superior to the previous methods in that the estimation error of the proposed method is much smaller than the previous SMA- or NSMA-based methods for drainage basin environments. The overall root mean square error was reduced to 5.2%, and no obvious underestimation or overestimation occurred for high or low ISA areas. Through the assessment of environmental quality in Lake Kasumigaura Basin using the ISA fraction, the results showed that the basin has been in the impacted category since 1987, and that in the two decades since, the environmental quality has continued to decline. If this decline continues, then Lake Kasumigaura Basin will fall into the degraded category by 2017